项目教学法在面向对象程序设计课程中的应用

项目课程是高校课程模式改革的发展方向,是值得探索的课程模式。以面向对象程序设计项目课程教学过程为主线,结合“成绩管理系统”这一软件设计选题,按照教师指导、学生自主制作、交流评价等教学步骤,介绍进行项目教学的全部过程,目的是培养学生自主研发软件能力和实践能力,有效提高教学质量。     

基于角色优化模型的装备采购项目组织流程设计

在装备采购项目组织流程设计中引入角色网络理论,构建装备采购项目组织流程设计的角色优化模型,从流程人员设计、工序设计和反馈设计等3个方面阐述角色优化模型用于流程设计的推导过程,并将该方法应用到某装备采购项目组织流程设计实践中。通过流程设计前后的对比分析,该模型能够有效进行装备采购项目组织流程设计,有着较强的推广和应用价值。     

Capacity expansion and cost efficiency improvement in the warehouse problem

The warehouse problem with deterministic production cost, selling prices, and demand was introduced in the 1950s and there is a renewed interest recently due to its applications in energy storage and arbitrage. In this paper, we consider two extensions of the warehouse problem and develop efficient computational algorithms for finding their optimal solutions. First, we consider a model where the firm can invest in capacity expansion projects for the warehouse while simultaneously making production and sales decisions in each period. We show that this problem can be solved with a computational complexity that is linear in the product of the length of the planning horizon and the number of capacity expansion projects. We then consider a problem in which the firm can invest to improve production cost efficiency while simultaneously making production and sales decisions in each period. The resulting optimization problem is non‐convex with integer decision variables. We show that, under some mild conditions on the cost data, the problem can be solved in linear computational time. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 63: 367–373, 2016     

Balancing and optimizing a portfolio of R&D projects

A mathematical formulation of an optimization model designed to select projects for inclusion in an R&D portfolio, subject to a wide variety of constraints (e.g., capital, headcount, strategic intent, etc.), is presented. The model is similar to others that have previously appeared in the literature and is in the form of a mixed integer programming (MIP) problem known as the multidimensional knapsack problem. Exact solution of such problems is generally difficult, but can be accomplished in reasonable time using specialized algorithms. The main contribution of this paper is an examination of two important issues related to formulation of project selection models such as the one presented here. If partial funding and implementation of projects is allowed, the resulting formulation is a linear programming (LP) problem which can be solved quite easily. Several plausible assumptions about how partial funding impacts project value are presented. In general, our examples suggest that the problem might best be formulated as a nonlinear programming (NLP) problem, but that there is a need for further research to determine an appropriate expression for the value of a partially funded project. In light of that gap in the current body of knowledge and for practical reasons, the LP relaxation of this model is preferred. The LP relaxation can be implemented in a spreadsheet (even for relatively large problems) and gives reasonable results when applied to a test problem based on GM's R&D project selection process. There has been much discussion in the literature on the topic of assigning a quantitative measure of value to each project. Although many alternatives are suggested, no one way is universally accepted as the preferred way. There does seem to be general agreement that all of the proposed methods are subject to considerable uncertainty. A systematic way to examine the sensitivity of project selection decisions to variations in the measure of value is developed. It is shown that the solution for the illustrative problem is reasonably robust to rather large variations in the measure of value. We cannot, however, conclude that this would be the case in general. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 48: 18–40, 2001     

利用AHP确定决策方案排序的一种改进方法

针对在用AHP法求解权重排序向量时 ,用不同的计算方法导致排序方案不一致的矛盾现象 ,提出了一种在单准则下综合各个排序方案信息的方法 ,使AHP法更趋于完善     

A self‐adapting genetic algorithm for project scheduling under resource constraints

This papers deals with the classical resource‐constrained project scheduling problem (RCPSP). There, the activities of a project have to be scheduled subject to precedence and resource constraints. The objective is to minimize the makespan of the project. We propose a new heuristic called self‐adapting genetic algorithm to solve the RCPSP. The heuristic employs the well‐known activity list representation and considers two different decoding procedures. An additional gene in the representation determines which of the two decoding procedures is actually used to compute a schedule for an individual. This allows the genetic algorithm to adapt itself to the problem instance actually solved. That is, the genetic algorithm learns which of the alternative decoding procedures is the more successful one for this instance. In other words, not only the solution for the problem, but also the algorithm itself is subject to genetic optimization. Computational experiments show that the mechanism of self‐adaptation is capable to exploit the benefits of both decoding procedures. Moreover, the tests show that the proposed heuristic is among the best ones currently available for the RCPSP. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 49: 433–448, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/nav.10029     

大型工程项目集成化管理环境下的知识协同与任务调度

将各个项目单元抽象为不同的知识源,详细分析了集成化管理环境下的知识协同问题,提出了基于权威性加权原则的知识协同处理策略,并就策略修正、协同求解等问题作了分析说明。在此基础上,采取前向调度算法和逆向调度算法相结合的迭代算法,建立了协同工作中的任务调度模型,算例证明,模型能够有效满足各约束条件下任务的增删需求。     

海军特种作战兵力行动知识推理研究*

通过对兵力行动知识原理和兵力行动知识工程建模方法的分析,根据知识推理的特点,给出了适合的兵力行动知识表示和推理方法的选择,并着重运用三值逻辑神经网络这种兼备符号语义表示和网络传播结构的模型,解决了兵力行动推理中偏好性和主观性的规则逻辑的表示及相应的推理问题.最后,基于兵力行动推理的研究,以海军特种作战兵力行动为例,得出了兵力行动知识推理模型实现的描述.     

无线传感器网络在海防工程结构健康监测中的应用

海防工程是海军赢得非接触、非对称作战胜利和保存作战潜力的重要硬件基础,将关系到海军作战装备战斗力的发挥,直接影响作战的进程与结局。因此,海防工程结构健康监测系统正成为军内学术界和工程界的研究热点。无线传感器网络由于安装方便、维护成本低和部署灵活等特点,已被广泛应用于各类工程结构健康监测系统中。本文阐述了基于无线传感器网络的海防工程结构健康监测系统提出的背景、基本概念和构成体系,通过模拟部署舰艇洞库结构健康监测系统,协作地实时感知和采集洞库结构信息及环境数据,从而实现海防工程、信息网络和后勤管理的无缝衔接,形成一体化保障能力。     

质量工程背景下的高校教学团队建设探讨

高校教学团队建设是本科教育教学质量工程的一项重要内容,也是高校师资队伍建设最有效的组织形式。本文通过对五十多个教学团队的推荐表及建设任务书等相关资料进行搜集、整理及分析,对大学教学团队建设的基本情况进行了总结,分析了存在的问题,并提出了相应对策,为高校教学团队建设提供了依据。