基于联合作战能力的装备体系需求生成过程研究

针对武器装备建设过程中需求不够明确、不够准确和不够科学的现状,从联合作战的角度出发,以“基于能力”的武器装备建设思想为指导,对“任务体系→能力体系→装备体系”的装备体系需求生成过程进行了深入研究,并与传统装备体系需求生成过程进行了比较。     

双声纳基阵二维目标联合测向交叉定位算法精度分析*

主要对双声纳基阵二维目标联合测向交叉定位算法及精度进行了分析,给出了系统具体的定位公式和误差计算公式,并针对不同基线和不同基线误差、方位误差下目标GDOP的分布情况进行了仿真分析.仿真结果表明,定位误差随基线长度的增加而减小,随基线和方位误差的增大而增大,当基线增大到一定长度时,定位误差最终趋向稳定,达到最小.     

认知无线电与频谱管理

当前的频谱管理采用固定频谱分配策略,频谱资源被分配给固定的授权用户,从而造成了频谱资源的浪费。认知无线电技术是一种智能无线电通信技术,它能够大幅度提高系统的频谱利用率,有效解决目前的频谱资源匮乏问题。因此,认知无线电技术的出现必将对现有的频谱管理策略产生一定的影响。文中主要介绍了认知无线电的基本概念和频谱管理技术,并对认知无线电下的频谱管理提出了一些看法和建议。     

Quality risk in outsourcing: Noncontractible product quality and private quality cost information

This article addresses the concept of quality risk in outsourcing. Recent trends in outsourcing extend a contract manufacturer's (CM's) responsibility to several functional areas, such as research and development and design in addition to manufacturing. This trend enables an original equipment manufacturer (OEM) to focus on sales and pricing of its product. However, increasing CM responsibilities also suggest that the OEM's product quality is mainly determined by its CM. We identify two factors that cause quality risk in this outsourcing relationship. First, the CM and the OEM may not be able to contract on quality; second, the OEM may not know the cost of quality to the CM. We characterize the effects of these two quality risk factors on the firms' profits and on the resulting product quality. We determine how the OEM's pricing strategy affects quality risk. We show, for example, that the effect of noncontractible quality is higher than the effect of private quality cost information when the OEM sets the sales price after observing the product's quality. We also show that committing to a sales price mitigates the adverse effect of quality risk. To obtain these results, we develop and analyze a three‐stage decision model. This model is also used to understand the impact of recent information technologies on profits and product quality. For example, we provide a decision tree that an OEM can use in deciding whether to invest in an enterprise‐wide quality management system that enables accounting of quality‐related activities across the supply chain. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 2009     

Locational tying of complementary retail items

We study a selling practice that we refer to as locational tying (LT), which seems to be gaining wide popularity among retailers. Under this strategy, a retailer “locationally ties” two complementary items that we denote by “primary” and “secondary.” The retailer sells the primary item in an appropriate “department” of his or her store. To stimulate demand, the secondary item is offered in the primary item's department, where it is displayed in very close proximity to the primary item. We consider two variations of LT: In the multilocation tying strategy (LT‐M), the secondary item is offered in its appropriate department in addition to the primary item's department, whereas in the single‐location tying strategy (LT‐S), it is offered only in the primary item's location. We compare these LT strategies to the traditional independent components (IC) strategy, in which the two items are sold independently (each in its own department), but the pricing/inventory decisions can be centralized (IC‐C) or decentralized (IC‐D). Assuming ample inventory, we compare and provide a ranking of the optimal prices of the four strategies. The main insight from this comparison is that relative to IC‐D, LT decreases the price of the primary item and adjusts the price of the secondary item up or down depending on its popularity in the primary item's department. We also perform a comparative statics analysis on the effect of demand and cost parameters on the optimal prices of various strategies, and identify the conditions that favor one strategy over others in terms of profitability. Then we study inventory decisions in LT under exogenous pricing by developing a model that accounts for the effect of the primary item's stock‐outs on the secondary item's demand. We find that, relative to IC‐D, LT increases the inventory level of the primary item. We also link the profitability of different strategies to the trade‐off between the increase in demand volume of the secondary item as a result of LT and the potential increase in inventory costs due to decentralizing the inventory of the secondary item. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 2009     

Coordinated dynamic control of marketing and production

We study the dynamic profit maximization problem for a firm exercising control on both marketing and production. The firs marketing effort impacts the current‐period demand, which in turn affects future demand in a dissipating fashion. Under linear‐cost and zero‐leadtime assumptions, we show that the firm should follow base‐point rules for both marketing and production, whereas trends of the base points reflect a certain complementarity between marketing and production. We obtain comparable results when marketing costs are convex. Our computational study identifies conditions under which simple fixed‐marketing‐effort and fixed‐marketing‐target heuristics would perform well. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 2009     

用于电压岛式功耗管理的无运放结构高精度电流采样电路

电压岛式的功耗管理在大规模SoC芯片中的应用越来越广泛,由于负载电流是反映功耗最直接的物理量,因此对负载电流的实时、精确采样是对功耗进行精确管理和控制的基础,而低压大电流又是当前大规模芯片的基本特征.在分析了几种常用的电流采样技术的基础之上,提出了一种基于电流镜采样的高精度的电流采样方案,适合于低电源电压供电,并且不需要使用运算放大器,结构简单.基于0.18μm CMOS工艺实现了该电流采样电路,各种条件下的版图模拟结果表明,对于60～1300mA的负载,该电路的采样精度最高可达99.1%,并且自身功耗不超过4mW.利用该电流采样电路,可以对负载电流进行实时有效的高精度侦测,用以作为功耗管理的依据.     

信息融合系统中算法管理理论研究

信息融合系统中,数据源千差万别,多种多样;而众多的信息融合算法也具有不同的适应性.通过对实验数据的分析说明了数据源以及融合算法的选择显著影响了最终的融合结果.针对数据源、融合算法和融合结果之间的关系,以优化融合结果为目的,提出了信息融合系统中算法管理(Algorithm Management)的理论,阐述了算法管理的目标、算法管理可能的方法和算法管理的实现结构.最后讨论了信息融合领域中与算法管理理论相关的其他问题.     

基于平面式Ad hoc网的移动管理

由于移动Ad Hoc网络具有的新特点,使得在管理平面式Ad Hoc网时需要解决移动性管理、服务管理、节点定位、无线网络所具有的特殊信息的采集及地址配置等特殊问题,提出了一种基于GPS分群算法的移动网络管理.实现了基于GPS分群算法的移动网络管理的仿真程序的设计,并介绍了整个程序实现的关键技术,分为四大模块:获取网络中在线主机信息模块、 GPS定位信息的采集模块、节点移动的图形显示模块和位置信息管理模块.     

对社会单位实施消防监督分类管理的探索与实践

在分析对社会单位实施消防监督分类管理必要性的基础上,结合工作实践,就如何对社会单位实施消防监督分类管理进行探讨,以期提高消防监督效能,推进消防工作社会化。