基于半实物仿真的HLA／RTI关键技术研究

分析了基于HLA/RTI的半实物仿真中实践管理、数据收集能力、RTI通用性以及网络传输安全等问题,研究了新的时间管理策略,提出了合理设置lookahead的算法,设计了数据收集的层次框架,并制定了研发RTI的通用原则和安全有效的网络传输方案,为现代半实物系统仿真提供了理论借鉴。     

Joint pricing,assortment, and inventory decisions for a retailer's product line

Consider a set of product variants that are differentiated by some secondary attributes such as flavor, color, or size. The retailer's problem is to jointly determine the set of variants to include in her product line (“assortment”), together with their prices and inventory levels, so as to maximize her expected profit. We model the consumer choice process using a multinomial logit choice model and consider a newsvendor type inventory setting. We derive the structure of the optimal assortment for some important special cases, including the case of horizontally differentiated items, and propose a dominance relationship for the general case that simplifies the search for an optimal assortment. We also discuss structural properties of the optimal prices. Finally, motivated by our analytical results, we propose a heuristic solution procedure, which is shown to be quite effective through a numerical study. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2007     

On the first come–first served rule in multi‐echelon inventory control

A two‐echelon distribution inventory system with a central warehouse and a number of retailers is considered. The retailers face stochastic demand and replenish from the warehouse, which, in turn, replenishes from an outside supplier. The system is reviewed continuously and demands that cannot be met directly are backordered. Standard holding and backorder costs are considered. In the literature on multi‐echelon inventory control it is standard to assume that backorders at the warehouse are served according to a first come–first served policy (FCFS). This allocation rule simplifies the analysis but is normally not optimal. It is shown that the FCFS rule can, in the worst case, lead to an asymptotically unbounded relative cost increase as the number of retailers approaches infinity. We also provide a new heuristic that will always give a reduction of the expected costs. A numerical study indicates that the average cost reduction when using the heuristic is about two percent. The suggested heuristic is also compared with two existing heuristics. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2007     

多传感器任务分派的快速启发式规划新算法

在多目标多传感器管理中经常采用的线性规划算法中,随着传感器个数和目标个数的增加,计算量会爆炸式增长,使得跟踪系统不能实时计算,为此,根据传感器管理中线性规划的特点,提出了一种快速启发式算法,考虑组合中的传感器个数将组合的分配效用转化为权重,递推分配权重最大的组合,逐步减小组合和目标的个数.证明了权重最大的组合分派能实现组合中的传感器的最大效用.仿真结果表明该算法在与采用线性规划方法的跟踪精度相当的情况下,能有效地减小计算量.     

高校评建工作中问题管理模式应用研究

问题管理模式把发现问题作为高校评建工作中经常性的制度内容,把解决问题作为高校评建工作的核心。在高校评建过程中,运用问题管理模式会大大提高评建工作的质量和效率。     

消防联合执法工作中存在的问题及对策

阐述了当前消防联合执法的形式、作用和背景,深入分析了消防联合执法工作中存在的执法主体职责不明确、执法依据不准确、执法程序不合法、执法协调工作不到位等问题和不足,并从依法治理和长效管理的角度提出了明确执法权限、落实执法责任、严格按照法定程序开展消防联合执法活动、积极探索长效管理机制等进一步改进和完善消防联合执法的思路和措施。     

改进加强院校科研项目和经费管理的思考

国务院《关于改进加强中央财政科研项目和资金管理的若干意见》针对我国当前科研项目管理及经费管理存在的重大问题,全面部署了改革的方向和重点。《若干意见》要求加强科研项目的集中统筹和分类管理,规范科研项目的管理流程,加强对项目完成质量要求。同时,要求增强预算编制的合理性、经费使用的规范性与灵活性,并将直接经费与间接经费加以分离。院校应该建立和完善科研项目管理服务体系、经费管理服务体系、内部自查自纠机制,加强配套制度建设,为院校科技创新能力的提升提供制度保障。     

机动输油管线地理信息系统设计与实现

当前机动输油管线勘察与设计资料采用的文件夹分类管理方式,难以管理各类资料间的关联关系,也难以在地图上进行图形数据与属性数据的关联呈现。为了提高机动输油管线战备线路管理能力,建立了管理与辅助决策系统,以ArcGIS作为GIS平台,利用ArcSDE数据库引擎和SQL Server数据库统一管理管线数据,通过ArcEngine组件库和Visual C#对系统的功能模块和应用界面进行整体开发,实现了线路走向、线路资源可视化的规范管理和线路工艺方案、人装配置方案的智能辅助生成,提高了部队战备线路管理水平。     

Impact of tax reduction policies on consumer purchase of new automobiles: An analytical investigation with real data‐based experiments

We investigate and compare the impact of the tax reduction policies implemented in the United States and China to stimulate consumer purchase of new automobiles and improve manufacturers' profits. The U.S. policy provides each qualifying consumer with a federal income tax deduction on state and local sales and excise taxes paid on the purchase price (up to a cutoff level), whereas the Chinese policy reduces the vehicle sales tax rate for consumers. We observe that these policy designs are consistent with the tax management system and the economic environment in the respective country. We analytically determine the effects of the two tax reduction policies on the automobile sales and the manufacturer's and the retailer's profits. Numerical examples are then used to provide insights on the importance of certain factors that influence the effects of the two policies. Finally, a numerical experiment with sensitivity analysis based on real data is conducted to compare the merits and characteristics of the two policies under comparable conditions. We find that the U.S. policy is better than the Chinese policy in stimulating the sales of high‐end automobiles, whereas the Chinese policy is better than the U.S. policy in improving the sales of low‐end automobiles. The U.S. policy is slightly more effective in increasing the profitability of the automobile supply chain; but, in general, the Chinese policy is more cost effective. The methodology developed herein can be used to evaluate other tax reduction policies such as those related to the purchase of energy‐saving vehicles and to serve as a decision model to guide the choice of alternative tax reduction policies. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 61: 577–598, 2014     

火灾公众责任保险与消防治理问题研究

阐述了火灾公众责任保险的涵义,分析了火灾公众责任保险在消防治理中的作用,梳理了火灾公众责任保险的发展现状问题,进而提出消防治理视阈下火灾公众责任保险的发展思路。