药物效用鉴定的序贯抽样检验方法和条件推导

给出了制定药物效用鉴定的序贯抽样检验方案,对未用的同类药品进行随机抽样,利用抽样结果,对剩下的N-n个样品的性能进行推断,得到判断药品是否失效的抽样方法以及有效的抽样截断方案,在减小抽样量的前提下,准确的判断药物是否有效.并对该序贯抽样性能的优劣与固定样本最优检验方法进行了比较,得到在犯同样错误的前提下,序贯抽样检验的样本量比固定样本最优检验的样本量小的多.     

火力运用对策空间模型

根据空 -地作战的特点 ,提出了软、硬火力单位的概念 ,根据模型提出了作战指数、生存指数 ,为双方的实力与“保卫目标”的安全度分析提供了数量依据 ;根据微分对策和战术原则提出了规范作战模式等概念 ,为构造火力运用、兵力数量需求等算法搭起一个框架。     

相继增压柴油机推进装置增压系统特性研究

针对船舶推进装置中柴油主机相继增压特性的优化问题,在理论分析的基础上,建立了基于准稳态假设的增压系统能量平衡模型.对相继增压系统的稳、动态特性进行了分析,讨论了相继增压系统的特性优化问题,为主机采用相继增压技术的柴油机推进装置的性能优化、控制策略的制订提供了理论依据.     

Relaxed sequencing games have a nonempty core

We study sequencing situations with a fixed initial order and linear cost functions. Cost savings can be obtained by rearranging jobs. Next to finding an optimal order, an additional issue is formed by the division of these savings. Cooperative game theory studies this issue. A common assumption states that cooperation between players is restricted to groups that are connected according to the initial order. The value of disconnected groups is defined additively over their connected components. In this paper we allow players in disconnected coalitions to switch places as long as they do not hurt the players not in the coalition under consideration. The resulting games are called relaxed sequencing games. Although they have been studied before, no general results on stable profit divisions have been derived so far. In this paper we prove that relaxed sequencing games have a nonempty core, i.e., they all have stable profit divisions. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2006     

Better is the Neighbor?

Abstract

This study applies the Sequential Panel Selection Method (SPSM), to investigate the convergence properties of the military expenditure of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) during the period of 1990–2015. Compared to the traditional methods, SPSM considers fundamentally general spatial homogeneous and heterogeneous relationships with countries and examines the evolution of military expenditure. We find that four-fifths of NATO member countries have been convergent with the UK, but no country’s military expenditure is convergent with the US. This means that there is no significant linkage effect in the US for NATO military expenditure. While they are allies of the US, the majority of NATO member countries’ military expenditures are consistent with UK military expenditure. The main reasons are due to the geographical space layout and the international relationship convergence. The results indicate that more than four-fifths of NATO member countries have been coordinated with convergence theory and spillover effect.     

Strategic defense and attack for series and parallel reliability systems: reply 1 to comment 1

Kovenock and Roberson's [2011] comment provides initial work which has the potential, when suitably extended, to advance the research frontier. Kovenock and Roberson's paper consists of three sections. The first section is an interesting introduction. The second section, titled ‘Model and Main Result,’ provides no contribution beyond Hausken [2008a]. It consists of Equations (1)–(10) which are equivalent to equations developed by Hausken, and Equation (11) which is equivalent to the utility requirements u???0 and U???0 provided after Equation (17) in Hausken. The third section provides interesting ideas about mixed-strategy equilibria that can be extended in future research.     

基于不完全信息演化博弈模型的网络舆情传播羊群行为

以网络舆情传播过程中大部分人对事实不了解为前提,在这部分群体内构建基于不完全信息环境的两人对称演化博弈模型。提出了两人对称博弈矩阵来决定个体策略的选择,建立了复制动态方程说明不同策略群体比例的演化方向,演化时引入个体的记忆长度,根据设定的交互规则更新各自的观点值及记忆列表。仿真分析模型表明,在此环境中很容易产生羊群行为,群体内的个体都选择盲从并且观点保持一致。此外,羊群行为的集聚产生受多种因素影响,主要与采取分析策略的交互利益、成本系数以及记忆长度有关。本文对科学分析引导网络舆情的传播有一定实际意义。     

Market entry strategy in the presence of market spillovers and efficiency differentiation

Firms form various alliances or use brand extensions to enter new markets in order to improve their operational efficiency and create a positive spillover. However, they do not always know the implications of these strategies for market entry and multimarket competition because the sale of products in one market can have negative spillover effects on product sales in other markets. We present an analytical framework to examine whether and how (i.e., by choosing alliance entry or independent entry) competing firms should enter a market in a situation where market spillovers occur when a firm enters a spillover-producing market to sell products that may increase or decrease the consumers' willingness to pay for products in the primary market. Our analysis shows that the operational efficiency (or quality differentiation ability) of firms in a spillover-producing market varies, and hence, the impact of market spillovers differs for firms. We identify the key factors, such as bargaining power, brand value difference in the primary market, and the extent of efficiencies and spillovers, that determine the firms benefitting from the different entry strategies. Specifically, we show that firms would be more willing to choose an alliance strategy to enter a spillover-producing market if the negative spillover is small and alliance efficiency is high. In contrast, if an alliance entry is not favored, the firms' relative operational efficiency is crucial for them to decide whether to enter the market independently under moderate spillover conditions. Finally, we show the implications of market entry strategies for managers.     

中美网络空间的博弈与竞争

随着中美实力差距不断缩小和信息技术的发展与扩散,网络安全成为中美新的竞争点和摩擦点,中美在网络安全问题上展开新一轮的博弈,具体体现为网络空间治理权之争、中美网络安全战略博弈和网络技术优势的夺取。     

定时截尾与序贯截尾可靠性试验方案分析比较

在生产方、使用方风险及MTBF值同等条件下,对定时截尾与序贯截尾2种试验方案的优缺点、基本原理和方法等进行了对比分析。定时截尾试验能够在事先确定最大累计工作时间及所消耗资源,但所需时间较长,试验成本较高,可应用于武器装备可靠性鉴定和验收试验;序贯截尾试验事先对试验总时间及试验所需用资源无法确定,只能根据事先拟定的接收、拒收条件结束试验,无法估计MTBF的真值,但是所需试验时间较短,费用相对较低,可用于武器装备可靠性验收试验,也可广泛运用于医学及其它科学试验领域。提出了选择可靠性试验方案的基本原则,为科学选择试验方案提供了依据。