地空导弹与弹道导弹的技术融合正在促使这两类导弹产生突破性的发展

地空导弹采用弹道导弹的抛物弹道技术 ,能够实现应用固体推进剂达到低质量远射程的目标。弹道导弹采用地空导弹末段弹道的寻的制导控制技术 ,可以达到降速、增程并实现末段有效制导控制和弹道机动的目标 ,从而大幅度提高命中精度和突防概率。地空导弹和弹道导弹之间的技术融合 ,已经开始并将很快形成这两类导弹的新一轮突破性的发展     

A model for geographically distributed combat interactions of swarming naval and air forces

This article describes the Distributed Interaction Campaign Model (DICM), an exploratory campaign analysis tool and asset allocation decision‐aid for managing geographically distributed and swarming naval and air forces. The model is capable of fast operation, while accounting for uncertainty in an opponent's plan. It is intended for use by commanders and analysts who have limited time for model runs, or a finite budget. The model is purpose‐built for the Pentagon's Office of Net Assessment, and supports analysis of the following questions: What happens when swarms of geographically distributed naval and air forces engage each other and what are the key elements of the opponents’ force to attack? Are there changes to force structure that make a force more effective, and what impacts will disruptions in enemy command and control and wide‐area surveillance have? Which insights are to be gained by fast exploratory mathematical/computational campaign analysis to augment and replace expensive and time‐consuming simulations? An illustrative example of model use is described in a simple test scenario. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 63: 562–576, 2016     

Filibustering from Africa to the Americas: non-state actors and empire

This article looks at dominant definitions of empire, in particular those emphasizing large polities as the sole agents of imperial expansion. By doing so, it draws attention to the overlooked role of filibusters: private, non-state actors who initiate unauthorized military endeavours, either in an attempt to carve out empires for themselves or for their home state. It demonstrates that filibustering is not a practice unique only to the Americas or to the nineteenth century as so much of the literature suggests. Lastly, it scrutinizes the cultural and historical impact of the phenomenon. In terms of the former, it argues that filibustering had an important literary and filmic influence. Regarding the latter, it advocates that it frequently led to further violent intercessions in many of the countries occupied and influenced a particular style of proto-fascistic and charismatic militarism.     

吸气式太阳能热推进系统进气道特性分析

吸气式冲压推进技术是吸气式太阳能热推进技术的基础。如何设计一种性能理想的进气道是吸气式太阳能热推进技术研究的重点。应用稀薄气体动力学仿真常用的直接数值模拟蒙特卡洛算法对两种常见的进气道结构进行仿真分析,得到两种进气道工况下气体的温度、密度、流量系数和速度等参数的分布,并进行对比。通过比较,选择一种性能较好的构型作为吸气式太阳能热推进系统的进气道,从而为后续系统的设计、计算、分析和优化打下了基础。     

基于贝叶斯网络的空中目标威胁估计算法

联合作战条件下,指挥决策人员在海量描述战场态势的数据和信息面前往往会束手无策,无法快速作出正确的决策。贝叶斯网络模型是一种基于概率推理的网络化数学模型,能够通过一些变量的信息来获取其他的概率信息,从而解决不定性和不完整性问题。提出了一种基于贝叶斯网络的空中目标威胁估计算法,用空中威胁网络模型找到空中威胁目标各属性之间的潜在关系,并建立空中目标威胁估计算法,最后以一个实例来验证该空中目标威胁估计的计算过程和有效性。     

Securitising humanitarian assistance and post-conflict reconstruction in Africa: A critical review of South Africa's new defence policy

The South African Defence Review 2014 is the country's new defence policy. The Review, which is expected to steer South African defence policymaking for the next few decades, discusses in detail the role of the South African National Defence Force (SANDF) in peace missions in Africa and proposes the direct involvement of the country's soldiers in both military and civilian tasks, from peacekeeping to humanitarian assistance, post-conflict reconstruction and development. This paper contains a critical review of the Review with regard to South Africa's envisaged contribution to regional and continental peace and stability. It is argued that humanitarian assistance and post-conflict reconstruction should not be securitised and that the SANDF should only be tasked with peacekeeping and the establishment of stability and security in fragile in-conflict and post-conflict settings. The humanitarian work should be left to humanitarian and aid agencies, while reconstruction and development should be left to organisations such as the New Partnership for Africa's Development, continental and international development organisations, and local actors.     

Mimetic and normative isomorphism in the establishment and maintenance of independent air forces

Why do countries have air forces? Organizational alternatives, such as maintaining separate air arms for the army and navy, have become quite rare. The conventional narrative advanced by advocates of independent air forces stress that the primacy of airpower in modern warfare mandates centralized control of most military aviation. In this view, political–military uncertainty has driven mimetic isomorphism – pressure on national governments to organize as others organize so as to fight or deter war just as effectively. However, working from a set of 56 countries that were politically independent within a few years of the establishment of the first ever independent air force (the Royal Air Force) in 1918, and continuing through nearly the present, there is no clear pattern of external military pressure prompting this particular reorganization. Rather, from anecdotal evidence, the cause has more likely been normative isomorphism – a professional craving to look as others look to foster political or personal legitimacy. For whatever reason, though, choices of structures tend to lead to specific choices of policies. Thus, the result suggests that defense ministries looking for more effective or less costly organizational schemas may reasonably consider alternatives to the tripartite army–navy–air force structure.     

基于核主成分分析方法的水面舰艇空中目标威胁评估?

对来袭空中目标的威胁进行评估与排序是舰艇对空火力分配的重要一环。根据来袭空中目标的特点,在确定目标指标后进行相应量化,针对来袭目标各指标间非线性的特点,提出使用核主成分分析法对目标信息进行特征提取,随后依据核主成分方差贡献率对威胁目标进行评估与排序。通过仿真算例验证,所得结果较为准确、客观,有效地克服传统方法中主观性较强的问题,并且在对指标数据提取的过程中降低了相关信息维数,降低了计算复杂度,为舰艇防空作战威胁评估提供了新途径。     

舰载光电系统粗跟踪分析

针对舰载激光武器光电跟踪系统对精度要求很高的问题,对光电跟踪系统粗跟踪误差源进行了详细的分析。论述了舰载激光武器光电跟踪系统对目标的跟踪过程,探讨了影响光电跟踪系统粗跟踪性能的各种因素,最后分析了舰船运动对跟踪误差的影响。文中给出了舰载光电跟踪系统粗跟踪的主要误差源,并介绍了一种稳定舰载光电跟踪仪视轴的有效方法。     

航母编队航渡过程中防空哨戒舰阵位确定方法研究

研究了一种航母编队航渡过程中防空哨戒舰的阵位确定方法。通过对航母编队防空区域划分与防空作战过程的分析,总结了航母编队航渡过程中防空哨戒舰阵位确定的原则,建立了防空哨戒舰阵位的数学模型,仿真计算了模型中各个参数对防空哨戒舰前出距离的影响。这些模型可用于确定防空哨戒舰的前出距离和方位,满足航母编队作战使用的需要。