基于粒子滤波的活动轮廓模型视频跟踪(英文)

跟踪变形目标包括假定目标的全局运动和时间方程的局部变形。粒子滤波算法依靠参数化法选择,但是不能处理曲线的拓扑变化。活动轮廓模型是独立参数化,可以比较好地适应拓扑变化。基于上面两个方法的局限性,将上述两种方法相结合,运用于变形目标的跟踪。实验结果证明,该方法有很强的鲁棒性,对部分遮挡的物体有很强的适应性,证明了该方法的有效性。     

航天器轨道追逃态势分析的水平集方法

航天器轨道追逃是当前航天动力学与控制领域的研究热点。针对轨道追逃定性问题开展研究,提出了一种综合运用降维动力学模型和后向可达集的航天器近距离轨道追逃态势分析方法,以支撑任务可行性分析;通过在视线旋转坐标系下推导博弈系统降维动力学模型,建立近距离追逃定性问题模型,减少了状态空间维度;使用目标集的后向可达集描述捕获区并划分追逃状态空间,基于水平集方法建立可达集在降维动力学模型中演化的动态HJI(Hamilton-Jacobi-Isaacs)偏微分方程,并设计WENO-TVD求解器数值计算HJI方程终值问题粘性解,完成了追逃目标集的准确描述并避免了可能出现的终端奇异现象。通过不同推力构型的追逃场景数值仿真验证了方法的有效性,展现了一次计算批量化处理初始态势的功能。     

基于能量函数的插值代理模型推广能力评价准则

本文分析了插值型代理模型的特性,提出了影响插值代理模型的推广能力的重要因素是代理模型的振荡特性,分析表明:振荡剧烈的代理模型,其推广能力就弱。为了评价代理模型的推广能力,本文提出基于能量函数方法的评价方法。能量函数方法是通过计算代理模型的一阶和二阶导数,得出代理模型的振荡情况来进行评价。能量函数越高,代理模型的振荡越剧烈,因而其推广能力越差。测试函数表明,能量函数方法在评价代理模型推广能力上是有效的。     

基于极化单光子和量子计算的量子秘密共享

结合量子计算算子提出一种基于极化单光子的量子秘密共享协议.该方案可以将全部量子态用于密钥共享,借助量子置换算子和量子纠缠特性证明了方案能够有效抵抗中间人攻击,利用辅助量子态进行监视,方案能够以高概率检测特洛伊木马攻击.通过对置换算子进行高维推广,证明了方案推广到(n,n)的可行性和实用性.     

基于满意度的多阶段任务系统可靠性冗余优化模型

冗余技术是提高多阶段任务系统可靠性的有效方法,目前对多阶段任务系统可靠性冗余优化研究甚少。分析了静态多阶段任务系统的特征和可靠性计算模型;构建了可靠度、体积、质量和价格的满意度函数并确定各个满意度函数的影响因子;建立了基于综合满意度函数的静态多阶段任务系统可靠性冗余模型,并利用微粒群算法对模型进行求解。算例验证了模型的合理性及算法的有效性。     

粉末燃料冲压发动机内镁粉尘云层流燃烧模型

对粉末燃料冲压发动机预燃室内镁粉尘云燃烧过程进行了研究,建立了镁粉尘云的一维层流预混燃烧模型。研究表明,镁粉尘云层流火焰传播很稳定,燃烧过程中火焰结构基本不变,燃烧区很薄,而预热区厚度约是燃烧区的2-3倍。粉尘云中镁颗粒的蒸发和气相镁与氧气的均相反应是产生火焰的直接原因,也是火焰得以传播的关键。预热区气相温度升高主要靠燃烧区气体的导热和扩散过来的气相镁与氧气反应释放热量,而预热区颗粒相温度升高主要靠气相对其对流传热。分析了各参数对粉尘云燃烧的影响,颗粒相对浓度对粉尘云燃烧的影响比较复杂,在浓度较低的情况下,增大颗粒相对浓度有利于粉尘云快速燃烧;而在浓度较高的情况下,增大颗粒相对浓度则不利于粉尘云快速燃烧。随颗粒粒径的增加,火焰传播速度减小,火焰温度升高,预热区厚度增大。火焰传播速度和火焰温度随粉尘云初温增加线性增长,预热区厚度随粉尘云初温增加抛物线增长。数值模拟与文献中试验结果的变化趋势相一致。     

基于时频单源点检测和聚类验证技术的欠定混合盲辨识算法

针对欠定混合盲辨识问题,提出了一种基于时频单源点检测及聚类验证的盲辨识算法。检测各个源信号的时频单源点,利用奇异值分解的方法求解不同单源点集合对应的混合矢量,利用基于k均值的聚类验证技术完成源信号数目和混合矩阵的联合估计。算法放宽了已有方法对时频单源区域的假设,不需要假设信号存在时频单源区域,可以完成仅存在离散的时频单源点条件下的欠定混合盲辨识;同时克服了传统算法需要假设源信号个数已知的不足,可以有效地估计源信号数目。仿真结果验证了算法的有效性。     

THE SECURITY IMPLICATIONS OF CHINA'S NUCLEAR ENERGY EXPANSION

Nuclear energy is an integral part of China's energy strategy and will increasingly contribute to China's total energy supply. China has more than twenty civilian facilities, including power reactors, mines, and enrichment plants, to support its nuclear power program. As China operates more nuclear plants, more nuclear materials will be produced and stockpiled, and more nuclear facilities will be spread around the country. To ensure that this expanded network of nuclear facilities does not increase the risk that nuclear materials will be diverted or become the target of attack, China will need to develop more reliable domestic nuclear security strategies. China is also poised to become a major exporter of nuclear energy technology. China has committed to keeping nuclear technologies out of the hands of dangerous states and/or sub-state organizations, but in order to fulfill its nonproliferation obligations as well as its treaty-based commitment to share nuclear technologies, China will need to strengthen nuclear export controls and practices. This report examines and evaluates security measures at Chinese civilian nuclear power plants and suggests ways to improve them. It also reviews current export control policies and systems, identifies likely challenges to the expanding nuclear sector, and proposes possible solutions.     

Don't stop with Joint Forces Command … cut AFRICOM too

Abstract

The United States Africa Command (AFRICOM) has been a military success but a strategic messaging failure. The United States’ relationships across Africa cannot be boiled down to military affairs. This paper argues that Africa has many more opportunities than challenges and thus requires a more balanced foreign policy solution from Washington DC than a new military command. For the military engagement that does need to take place, a more low-profile approach would benefit the United States in Africa.     

NUCLEAR ISLANDS

Current International Atomic Energy Agency safeguards do not provide adequate protection against the diversion to military use of materials or technology from certain types of sensitive nuclear fuel cycle facilities. In view of highly enriched uranium's relatively greater ease of use as a nuclear explosive material than plutonium and the significant diseconomies of commercial spent fuel reprocessing, this article focuses on the need for improved international controls over uranium enrichment facilities as the proximate justification for creation of an International Nuclear Fuel Cycle Association (INFCA). In principle, the proposal is equally applicable to alleviating the proliferation concerns provoked by nuclear fuel reprocessing plants and other sensitive nuclear fuel cycle facilities. The INFCA would provide significantly increased nonproliferation assurance to its member states and the wider international community by holding long-term leasehold contracts to operate secure restricted zones containing such sensitive nuclear facilities.