C4ISR信息融合系统中的态势评估

在信息化战争中,战场态势瞬息万变,战场情报通过C4ISR系统迅速传回指挥中心,如何在极其有限的时间内作出判断,定下决心?在介绍态势评估基本理论和研究信息融合中的态势评估流程的基础上,把期望模板理论、模糊推理理论、人工神经网络理论、物元分析理论引入态势评估中,希望对完善态势评估的算法体系和C4ISR系统辅助决策起一定作用.     

战场抢修力量建设与准备的思考

战场抢修是战时维修保障能力和战斗力的重要组成部分,它的成功与否关系到战争的胜负。笔者论述了战场抢修研究的必要性、迫切性,分析了战场损伤与抢修的特点及其对保障的要求,明确了战场抢修与平时维修的区别,提出了关于战场抢修力量建设与准备的几点建议。     

机场跑道毁伤效果评估系统研究

开展对机场跑道的毁伤效果评估研究在战效评估领域具有重要的现实意义。针对机场跑道目标的特点,提出了一种机场跑道毁伤效果评估方法,即以毁伤效果评估数据为基础,在机场跑道区域内寻找飞机的最小起降窗口,以此判断机场跑道是否被封锁,实现对机场跑道的物理毁伤评估和功能毁伤评估。仿真实验结果表明该方法能够合理地评估机场跑道的毁伤效果,对打击方案优化比对具有重要意义。     

单装战损评估仿真系统的设计与实现

首先介绍了系统模型的建立;接着阐述了系统功能、结构以及各子系统的设计与实现;继而介绍了系统实现所用到的关键技术和方法;最后利用该系统,进行了某杀爆战斗部对卡车毁伤的仿真试验,得出了汽车部件毁伤分布及毁伤等级等结果。仿真结果表明,该仿真结果与试验数据基本吻合。该系统可以为维修保障及器材供应计划的制定提供参考依据。     

模糊一致矩阵的AHP在装备采购风险评价中的应用

针对传统层次分析法的不足,在装备采购风险评价中引入了基于模糊一致矩阵的层次分析法,提出了装备采购风险评价的模糊层次分析方法,不但解决了传统层次分析法中判断矩阵一致性的检验、调整和判断标准等问题,而且充分集成了多个专家的知识和经验,使决策过程更贴近实际,更便于理解。算例分析结果验证了所提出装备采购风险评价方法的可行性和有效性。     

Challenges of measuring progress in Afghanistan using violence trends: the effects of aggregation,military operations,seasonality, weather,and other causal factors

Measuring nationwide progress of counterinsurgency operations in Afghanistan using violence trends is difficult due to several factors: aggregation of data to the national level may obfuscate disparate local trends; the observed seasonality in violence makes comparisons difficult and may obscure progress; and short-term spikes or troughs – attributable to weather, military operations and tempo, or holiday periods – heavily influence simple averaging schemes. Despite these challenges, proper understanding of violence statistics is critical to estimating the effectiveness of military forces added during a surge or redeployed as part of transition. This article explores methods for analyzing observed violence trends to identify causal factors, to provide a comparable baseline, and to inform assessments at appropriate levels of aggregation. One methodology for seasonal adjustment of violence data is discussed and shown to provide a logical baseline for examining trends. An ordinary least squares regression model is developed and implemented using time-series violence data.     

高校评建过程中“三个符合度”的理性思考

"三个符合度"是一个学校办学水平高低的最集中体现,也是高校教学评估的实质和精髓.在迎评促建的过程中,高校的自评自建工作应该围绕以提高"三个符合度"为中心来展开.     

求同存异:基于标准化视域的高等教育质量标准体系——内在逻辑与建设路径

基于标准化视域的高等教育质量标准体系是参教议教、规范监督、服务社会、利益表达,是为社会发声,是高等教育质量标准体系在表达社会要求。基于标准化视域的高等教育质量标准体系本质是求同存异,即对高等教育质量有基本的标准,也要允许不同类型的高等教育差异化发展。基于标准化视域的高等教育质量标准体系通过建构时间维、逻辑维、条件维、级别维、性质维、对象维的六维一体的建设路径,打造条件维、对象维的规范机制和自我、制度、政府、社会四位一体的保障机制,来推动高等教育质量标准体系的有效运作。     

“What is dear to you?” Survey of beliefs regarding protection of critical infrastructure against terrorism

Up to the present, there is only very little research on how the population perceives terrorism and its threats, even though support from the population is crucial for effective counterterrorism. By eliciting beliefs and subjecting them to content analyses, six factors were found that determine the protection worthiness of a target in the people's view: the potential damage to “people,” “symbolism,” “economy,” “politics,” “nature,” and “image/publicity.” These empirically found factors are in line with factors specified by terrorist target selection models. They differ in the strength of their cognitive representation among participants and, thus, their subjective importance to the people. The first three factors are shared among all participants, whereas the latter ones could only be found in a part of the participant sample. People's judgments of the targets' protection worthiness differ substantially from their judgments of the targets' attractiveness to terrorists, even though the same factors seem to be involved. This study offers an insight into the people's mental model about protection worthiness of targets. Together with classical risk analysis and knowledge about terrorists, these results can form a basis for setting up a holistic scheme for critical infrastructure protection.     

人机环境工程的空管安全性模糊综合评判

针对人机环复杂因素的空管安全性评价难题,基于非对称贴近度,提出一种的多级模糊综合评判方法。首先构建了基于人机环境工程的空管安全影响因素集,包括人的因素、人机关系和环境条件这三大类因素集,然后依据因素评判的等级和标准,建立了基于非对称贴近度的空管安全性的多级模糊综合评判模型,最后以专家系统评价数据为基础,对某实际空管部门的安全性进行了模糊综合评判。研究方法和研究结论为科学评价空管系统的安全性提供了借鉴。