Youth Between State and Rebel (Dis)Orders: Contesting Legitimacy from Below in Sub-Sahara Africa

Abstract

The Sahel has gained attention in international politics as one of the central theatres in the war on terrorism. International actors in this war seek alliances with states in the region, reinforcing the latter’s military strength and their legitimacy from outside. At the same time, increasingly-connected young populations question the legitimacy of their states, and contest that legitimacy from within and below. In the absence of states delivering any reasonable form of social contract, young people become torn between different governing orders and find themselves in a liminal space. In this article we present the cases of youth in Mali and Chad, who find themselves in a period of re-definition of their position in society and hence search for legitimate structures representation. In this search they may frame their belonging in terms of ethnicity, religion or political opposition – and increasingly also in adherence to global citizenship. New information flows and connectivity among young people in these regions, and between them and the diaspora, has given a new turn to their search for citizenship/belonging and rightful representation. However, whether their search will be successful in this geopolitical context is questionable.     

Defense–Growth Causality: Considerations of Regime-Switching and Time- and Country-Varying Effects

This paper develops a panel smooth transition vector autoregressive model to investigate the economic growth–defense causality. This model simultaneously resolves the estimation problems of endogeneity, heterogeneity, and nonlinearity. Empirical results support that the causality is bidirectional, nonlinear, time- and country-varying. Economic growth has a negative impact on military spending and vice versa. The larger the HDI, the smaller the negative causality. Evidently, the increase in the level of country development can reduce the negative impact of military outlays on economic growth. Reducing the ratio of military spending to GDP is beneficial for countries with low HDI scores; however, moderately increasing the share of military expenditure is favorable for countries with extremely high HDI scores. Policy authority needs to set optimal education, health, and economic development shares of GDP for purchasing a maximum economic growth rate.     

社会转型与人的主体性建构的互动研究

社会转型是指一种社会类型向另一种社会类型的过渡过程。主体性是主体的本质特征,是主体在对象性活动中形成和表现出来的特性。从唯物史观看,二者是辩证统一的。这种辩证统一性为我国现阶段实现社会与人的和谐发展提供了理论依据。     

试析危害社会主义核心价值体系的几种社会思潮

在当代社会,实用主义、新自由主义、民主社会主义、历史虚无主义等都是对社会主义核心价值体系危害较大的社会思潮,积极研究、正确对待这些社会思潮,对于巩固马克思主义在意识形态领域的指导地位,牢牢把握意识形态工作的主导权,坚持以社会主义核心价值体系引领社会思潮,具有极其重要的意义。     

和谐社会建设与新时期维护高校稳定的社会生态诉求

培养社会生态人的时代要求成为制约新时期高校稳定的瓶颈;和谐社会中的“以人为本”、“整合”与“和合”、“差异式发展”的思维方式为解决新时期的高校困境提供了可行的方法论途径,这无疑内蕴着新时期维护高校稳定的社会-经济生态、社会-政治生态以及社会-伦理生态诉求。     

基于DoDAF与Petri网的预警卫星系统建模分析

预警卫星系统在弹道导弹防御系统中处在最前沿,在战争中起着其他装备无法替代的作用。依据DoDAF和预警卫星系统的作战流程,构建了预警卫星系统作战状态转换(OV-6b)模型,以描述预警卫星系统作战过程的时序关系、各作战节点的状态转换以及信息流关系。基于Petri网将各节点OV-6b模型转换成可执行模型进行驱动,并构建和分析了各Petri网模型的可达图,结果表明,建立的OV-6b模型和Petri网模型是合理的、正确的。     

我国社会消防安全教育现状影响因素及对策分析

当前我国社会消防安全教育主要存在观念较为陈旧、机制不够完善、内容不够全面、方法缺乏创新、教育力量薄弱等突出问题。在分析影响我国社会消防安全教育效果诸因素的基础上,提出树立科学观念、充实教育内容、探索方法手段创新、完善教育机制、健全教育队伍的对策,以逐步提升社会消防安全教育水平。     

社会工作视阈下少数民族大学生思想政治教育的思考

少数民族大学生既具有一般大学生的时代特征,又包含民族特色,思想政治教育工作需要进一步创新和完善机制予以应对。作为一种专业的助人服务活动,社会工作的价值观和方法可以融入到少数民族大学生思想政治教育工作中,使其更加凸显人文关怀,切实提高工作的针对性、主动性和实效性,在教育的理念、对象、内容、方式方法和环境等方面获得一定的创新。     

新疆高校大学生创业意识形成的关键因素探析

文章以549份新疆高校大学生创业意识调查问卷数据为依据,运用有序Probit模型,探究影响边疆大学创业意识形成的关键因素。结果表明:个人特质是大学生自主创业意识形成的关键,家庭教养、学校教育和社会环境通过影响大学生个体特质,对大学生自主创业意识也有显著影响。性别差异、创业自我效能感、家庭所在地、家庭是否经商、家庭是否支持创业、学校是否要求大学生书写创业计划书、学校对大学生创业培训经费支持、大学生的就业形势以及社会对自主创业优惠政策对边疆大学生创业意识形成的影响系数较大,是大学生自主创业意识培养过程中应该重点关注的因素。     

觉察压力、社会支持、健康行为关系的路径分析

目的：综合研究觉察压力、社会支持和健康行为间的关系。方法：在问卷调查的基础上采用路径分析的方法,建立三者之间的结构方程模型并进行验证。研究工具：调查问卷：觉察压力量表;领悟社会支持评价量表;报告健康行为量表。结果：①问卷内部一致性信度为：0.701-0.802。②模型各拟合指数为：χ^2/df=1.34（χ^2=104.481,df=78）;GFI（拟合优度指数）=0.898;AGFI（调整拟合优度指数）=0.900;NFI（规范拟合指数）=0.926,TLI（Tucker-Lewis指数）=0.897;CFI（比较拟合指数）=0.912;RMSEA（近似误差均方根）=0.051。说明模型拟合情况良好。结论：应综合开展包括：压力应对、建立社会支持环境、培养良好生活方式在内的心理健康教育。