The probability of the existence of a feasible flow in a stochastic transportation network

Stochastic transportation networks arise in various real world applications, for which the probability of the existence of a feasible flow is regarded as an important performance measure. Although the necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of a feasible flow represented by an exponential number of inequalities is a well‐known result in the literature, the computation of the probability of all such inequalities being satisfied jointly is a daunting challenge. The state‐of‐the‐art approach of Prékopa and Boros, Operat Res 39 (1991) 119–129 approximates this probability by giving its lower and upper bounds using a two‐part procedure. The first part eliminates all redundant inequalities and the second gives the lower and upper bounds of the probability by solving two well‐defined linear programs with the inputs obtained from the first part. Unfortunately, the first part may still leave many non‐redundant inequalities. In this case, it would be very time consuming to compute the inputs for the second part even for small‐sized networks. In this paper, we first present a model that can be used to eliminate all redundant inequalities and give the corresponding computational results for the same numerical examples used in Prékopa and Boros, Operat Res 39 (1991) 119–129. We also show how to improve the lower and upper bounds of the probability using the multitree and hypermultitree, respectively. Furthermore, we propose an exact solution approach based on the state space decomposition to compute the probability. We derive a feasible state from a state space and then decompose the space into several disjoint subspaces iteratively. The probability is equal to the sum of the probabilities in these subspaces. We use the 8‐node and 15‐node network examples in Prékopa and Boros, Operat Res 39 (1991) 119–129 and the Sioux‐Falls network with 24 nodes to show that the space decomposition algorithm can obtain the exact probability of these classical examples efficiently. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 63: 479–491, 2016     

基于计算机三维建模技术的两栖车辆静水性能计算

为了解决传统静水性能计算中倾斜浮态下浮心计算困难的问题,建立了两栖车辆的三维实体模型,研究了任意浮态下浮心的计算方法。在此基础上,求解了两栖车辆在静水平衡时的浮态,并利用SolidWorks提供的API函数进行二次开发,实现了计算的自动化。经实例验证表明,该算法准确、快速。     

Lipschitz非线性系统状态观测器设计新方法

针对Lipschitz非线性系统状态观测器,提出了一种以极小化条件数为目标准则的新的设计方法。运用梯度下降法和Slyvester方程,计算极小化条件数,优化增益矩阵和最大允许Lipschitz常数,完成观测器设计。通过同其它文献的算例比较,结果发现按文中方法设计的观测器具有迭代次数少、优化结果好的特点。     

含内聚空洞固体发动机药柱的寿命预估

为了对含内聚空洞固体导弹发动机的贮存寿命进行预估,采用加速老化试验,得到该推进剂最大延伸率随贮存时间的变化规律;应用三维粘弹性有限元分析方法,对含内聚空洞的发动机贮存一定时间后直接点火发射过程进行数值仿真,从中获得发动机药柱在点火增压和轴向过载联合作用下的最大Von Mises应变.将不同贮存期药柱的最大Von Mises应变值与推进剂的最大延伸率进行对比,利用结构完整性评估准则,给出了某发动机药柱不同贮存期间内聚空洞大小的允许值.该方法可为含内聚空洞固体发动机的判废提供定量参考.     

基于运载能力评估的固体运载火箭推力向量控制方案比较

从对运载能力影响角度开展固体运载火箭发动机推力向量控制系统比较分析研究。设计了三种采用不同发动机推力向量控制系统的多级固体运载火箭方案,将增广乘子法与共轭方向法相结合,对固体运载火箭上升段弹道进行了优化设计,给出运载能力评估结果。研究表明,起飞质量均为50 000kg,目标轨道均为300km太阳同步轨道时,采用栅格舵和侧喷流作为推力向量控制系统方案,比采用燃气舵和侧喷流作为推力向量控制系统方案,运载能力提高70kg,比各级固体发动机全部采用摆动喷管控制方案,运载能力提高115kg,为固体运载火箭总体方案论证提供理论依据。     

固体发动机药柱正交各向异性材料参数灵敏度分析

<正>交各向异性材料已在大型固体发动机上得到广泛应用。为了较大地降低发动机药柱的VonMises应变水平,极大地提高发动机的结构完整性能,以星形药柱为例,对固体发动机药柱推进剂和绝热层的弹性模量和泊松比等正交各向异性材料参数进行了灵敏度分析,得到了固体发动机药柱正交各向异性材料参数的灵敏度系数。分析方法与结论对固体发动机的优化设计具有指导作用。     

基于参数化建模的车轮形药柱形状优化

固体火箭发动机装药设计过程中,较高的装填分数往往导致药柱的应力应变较大,结构完整性不易满足要求,为了解决这一问题,将参数化建模方法与遗传算法相结合,对车轮形药柱进行形状优化.采用MSC.Patran软件的二次开发工具PCL (Patran Command Language)建立车轮形药柱的参数化有限元分析模型,能够根据...     

基于压缩估计的单星观测定轨方法

分析了单星观测模式下的天基测控系统的可行性,并针对该观测模式下轨道确定中法矩阵的特点,提出了一种基于压缩估计的定轨方法,对法矩阵进行压缩变换,避免了法矩阵奇异造成的误差传递。证明了当满足一定条件时,该压缩方法的估计精度要高于传统的定轨方法。结合单星观测的特殊性,提出了误差传递因子,设计了单星观测下的压缩估计定轨算法。最后以单星模式下的天基测控系统作为仿真背景进行了仿真试验。结果表明,该压缩估计可有效提高单星观测模式下轨道确定的精度。     

PHEV电池电荷状态估计设计及仿真

电池管理系统(battery management system,BMS)是混合动力汽车(parallel hybrid electric vehicle,PHEV)能量管理系统中的核心组成部分,而其中电池电荷状态(state of charge,soc)则是PHEV控制策略中的重要参数.针对PHEV动力电池组SOC系统高度非线性和复杂性的特点,提出了一种基于改进的BP神经网络的HEV动力电池组的实时SOC估计,并对网络的收敛性进行了证明.利用大量PHEV动力电池组在行驶过程中充放电的数据样本,对神经网络进行网络训练并且进行仿真.结果表明,与传统离线SOC估计方法相比,能够有效地减小误差,提高电池SOC的精度.     

Ablation characteristics of insulator under high-temperature gas dual-pulse erosion

This study numerically simulated and investigated the flow field characteristics of a typical dual-pulse solid rocket motor with a soft pulse separation device through thermal insulation ablation under high-temperature dual-pulse erosion. The ablation rate of ethylene -propylene-diene monomer (EPDM) insulator was measured after the experiment. Experimental results were analyzed through scanning electron microscopy and microcomputed tomography. The ablation mechanism of the EPDM insulator under the operation conditions of a dual-pulse solid rocket motor was evaluated by analyzing the results. The results reveal that the internal flow field of the motor with a soft pulse separation device is uniform. The original charred layer existing on the EPDM insulator surface in the first pulse combustor is the decisive factor affecting the final ablation rate of the dual-pulse motor during the second pulse operation, and the ablation characteristic region is easily formed with the exfoliation of the charred layer. The ablation rate difference of the insulator increases with gas velocity.