三维移动脉动源格林函数的对称性及其应用

为进一步提高三维有航速船舶耐波性预报的计算效率,将对称性引入到移动脉动源格林函数法的速度势求解之中,提出了基于格林函数对称性的水动力快速求解措施。从源点对场点的对称特性出发,推导获得了调和函数的法向偏导数在船体对称线元和面元处的积分对称关系式,开展了对称性在简化边界元积分方程系数矩阵中的应用,进而构建了高效求解三维船舶耐波性能的理论计算方法。数值结果及算例分析表明:水动力计算中移动脉动源格林函数的对称性有利于降低计算量和减少系统内存,且适用于有航速船舶在波浪中的波浪干扰力、运动响应和自由面波形的数值模拟,可拓展至两船水动力干扰及复杂船型的频域水动力分析计算之中。     

India’s emerging space assets and nuclear-weapons capabilities

ABSTRACT

Over the last five decades, India’s nuclear and space programs have gone through several phases, from collaboration to divorce to supportive. An interplay of two factors determined the nature of the relationship. One was the state of India’s nuclear-weapon program. The second was international conditions, especially India’s relationship with the nuclear-nonproliferation regime. In the early decades, because of the rudimentary nature of India’s nuclear and space programs, the relationship was collaborative, since the rocket technology being developed was a necessary adjunct to the nuclear-weapon program. Subsequently, as India’s rocketry capabilities and nuclear-weapon program began to mature and concerns about international sanctions under the non-proliferation regime began to grow, the two programs were separated. The Indian rocketry program was also divided, with the civilian-space and ballistic-missile programs clearly demarcated. After India declared itself a nuclear-weapon state in 1998 and the programs matured, the relationship has become more supportive. As the two programs mature further, this relationship is likely to deepen, as the nuclear-weapon program requires space assets to build a robust and survivable nuclear deterrent force.