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In this paper an inventory model with several demand classes, prioritised according to importance, is analysed. We consider a lot‐for‐lot or (S ? 1, S) inventory model with lost sales. For each demand class there is a critical stock level at and below which demand from that class is not satisfied from stock on hand. In this way stock is retained to meet demand from higher priority demand classes. A set of such critical levels determines the stocking policy. For Poisson demand and a generally distributed lead time, we derive expressions for the service levels for each demand class and the average total cost per unit time. Efficient solution methods for obtaining optimal policies, with and without service level constraints, are presented. Numerical experiments in which the solution methods are tested demonstrate that significant cost reductions can be achieved by distinguishing between demand classes. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 49: 593–610, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/nav.10032 相似文献
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We study the problem of designing a two‐echelon spare parts inventory system consisting of a central plant and a number of service centers each serving a set of customers with stochastic demand. Processing and storage capacities at both levels of facilities are limited. The manufacturing process is modeled as a queuing system at the plant. The goal is to optimize the base‐stock levels at both echelons, the location of service centers, and the allocation of customers to centers simultaneously, subject to service constraints. A mixed integer nonlinear programming model (MINLP) is formulated to minimize the total expected cost of the system. The problem is NP‐hard and a Lagrangian heuristic is proposed. We present computational results and discuss the trade‐off between cost and service. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 2009 相似文献
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工作环境对发动机本体热负荷的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了研究发动机工作环境对发动机本体热负荷的影响,以某型发动机为对象,采用缸内燃烧与冷却系统传热耦合计算方法,建立了温度和大气压力对发动机本体部件热负荷数值仿真模型。通过发动机热平衡台架试验验证了模型最大误差为9.1%,实车试验验证模型最大误差为6.2%。计算表明:发动机出口冷却水温度随环境温度和海拔升高而升高;环境温度46℃时的缸内活塞最高温度比-43℃时升高了15.4%,汽缸套最高温度升高15.5%;海拔高度每升高1 km,活塞最高温度升高1.04%,汽缸套温度升高0.95%。 相似文献
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针对现有修后试验设备的不足,以柔性装卡、自动控制为设计思想,介绍了通用装备机械部件试验系统的设计过程。该试验系统采用1套柔性支架可完成多种车型、多种机械部件的试验,实现了机械部件操纵的集中控制,提高了试验系统的安全性。 相似文献
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在离散状态空间的马尔科夫过程的基础上,对可修复型备件满足率模型进行了研究,分析了经典的保障概率模型在装备综合保障过程中所存在的弊端,在增加备件维修次数阈值条件的基础上对模型进行改进后得到了一种新的可修复型备件满足率模型。在备件数量较少(等于1时)的情况下,与经典模型对比,该模型的符合程度较好;当备件数量较多时(大于1时),设计了在ExtendSim仿真软件环境下的仿真模型,并用仿真模型来检验改进后备件满足率模型的正确性,通过对比分析表明:该改进的备件满足率模型能较好地评估可修复型备件满足率指标,相比经典模型和仿真模型,避免了复杂耗时的运算过程,能够方便而且高效地运用于装备综合保障任务当中。 相似文献
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基于任务可用度模型的指数分布型备件随舰携行量计算模型 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对现有的战备完好性计算模型与备件数量关联度不强的问题和基于战备完好性的备件数量计算大多采用仿真方法的不足,提出了能够考虑备件数量影响的舰船装备任务可用度的概念及其计算模型,并在此基础上研究了寿命服从指数分布的备件在故障后采用更换策略时,装备的任务可用度与备件携行量的关系,得到了一个可以通过解析计算确定备件数量的新模型... 相似文献
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对于一个拥有多台相同设备的可修复系统来说,一种备件的需求以及其对应的备件保障方案将影响着系统的可工作设备数量,从而影响着设备其他备件的需求,故假设备件需求相互独立且与系统自身备件保障方案无关而开展备件配置研究是不合理的.在考虑备件需求相关以及备件的保障方案对备件需求的影响的前提下,利用马尔可夫理论描述了备件需求规律,针对不串件拼修和串件拼修两种情况分别给出了可用度的计算方法,并在此基础上以备件配置费用作为优化目标,以可用度作为约束构建备件优化配置模型,给出了边际分析求解模型的方法.通过案例分析,验证了模型的正确性. 相似文献