基于梯度方向二进制模式的空间金字塔模型方法

空间金字塔模型由于其优势在当前图像分类中得到了广泛应用。然而,其码本生成和特征量化这两个环节具有较高的计算复杂度。为了解决这个问题,提出了一种新的局部特征表述———梯度方向二进制模式,首先对图像稠密采样得到多个子图像块,再将每个子图像块均匀划分为2×2个网格,计算每个网格的梯度直方图,然后对所有网格的梯度主方向进行二进制编码并连接为二进制串值,该二进制串值转换的十进制数即为子图像块的特征表述,最后将该特征表述嵌入到SPM模型中。在标准分类数据库上的实验结果证明了本方法在算法耗时和分类精度上均优于基于SIFT的SPM方法。     

舰艇姿态对雷达测量误差的影响分析

为了研究舰艇姿态对雷达测量误差的影响,分析了雷达测量过程中引入舰艇姿态误差的机理.。采用对误差传递过程进行建模的方法,建立了包含舰艇姿态因素的雷达测量误差模型。通过该模型分析了舰艇姿态角误差对雷达测量目标距离、方位角和高低角误差的不同影响,得出雷达测距误差不受姿态角误差影响,方位角误差与艏向角误差呈线性关系,高低角误差受纵摇角与横摇角误差影响,并随目标方位按正弦规律变化的结论。计算机仿真结果验证了结论的正确性。     

多自治空间数据源的k邻近查询处理

多自治空间数据源的k邻近查询处理在空间信息领域具有广泛的应用。综合分析比较现有的查询处理算法,研究并提出了多自治空间数据源环境下k邻近查询处理框架及其实现算法。实验结果表明,所提出的算法能有效地减少k邻近查询处理系统的数据传输量,减少了系统响应时间。     

C3I系统中战术态势估计的推理方法

本文首先讨论了态势估计中推理框架的现有形式，并从中抽取共性；然后讨论了推理算法的研究现状及存在的问题；最后在推理框架共性之下，提出了应用模糊理论和统计理论解决这些问题的步骤。     

X-2000空间数据库系统的设计和实现

空间数据库技术是地理信息系统（ＧｅｏｇｒａｐｈｉｃＩｎｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎＳｙｓｔｅｍ，简称ＧＩＳ）的核心技术。我们设计和实现了一个新型的空间数据库系统——Ｘ－２０００空间数据库系统，它综合利用了空间数据库的新技术，提出了新的空间数据库的组织方法。本文重点介绍该空间数据库系统的设计思路和实现方法。     

基于LabVIEW的重采样阶次分析技术

分析了将传统的Fourier分析应用于旋转机械振动信号分析存在的不足,并与阶次分析技术进行比较。应用虚拟仪器LabVIEW来实现旋转机械的振动信号重采样阶次分析,并进行了实例验证。     

脱壳弹弹托分离的双目视觉测量

脱壳弹的弹托分离过程对弹体的飞行稳定性和打击效能具有显著的影响。针对脱壳弹出膛后弹托相对弹体的六自由度运动过程,提出采用基于双目视觉原理的弹托分离角测量方法。通过在弹体表面和弹托表面设置标记点,采用图像处理和跟踪算法实现对标记点的识别和跟踪。结合双目空间标定参数解算出标记点的空间位置,进而获得弹托相对弹体的分离角度,同时采用实验验证了上述测量方法的精度,其精度达到2%。以实验室进行的初速度1 550 m/s和1 750 m/s的脱壳弹射击试验为例,测量并分析了不同初速度下的弹托分离轨迹。结果表明:脱壳弹分离初速度越快,弹托分离轨迹越靠近弹体。     

Background dominant colors extraction method based on color image quick fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm

A quick and accurate extraction of dominant colors of background images is the basis of adaptive camouflage design. This paper proposes a Color Image Quick Fuzzy C-Means (CIQFCM) clustering algorithm based on clustering spatial mapping. First, the clustering sample space was mapped from the image pixels to the quantized color space, and several methods were adopted to compress the amount of clustering samples. Then, an improved pedigree clustering algorithm was applied to obtain the initial class centers. Finally, CIQFCM clustering algorithm was used for quick extraction of dominant colors of background image. After theoretical analysis of the effect and efficiency of the CIQFCM algorithm, several experiments were carried out to discuss the selection of proper quantization intervals and to verify the effect and efficiency of the CIQFCM algorithm. The results indicated that the value of quantization intervals should be set to 4, and the proposed algorithm could improve the clustering efficiency while maintaining the clustering effect. In addition, as the image size increased from 128 × 128 to 1024 × 1024, the efficiency improvement of CIQFCM algorithm was increased from 6.44 times to 36.42 times, which demonstrated the significant advantage of CIQFCM algorithm in dominant colors extraction of large-size images.     

Fragment spatial distribution of prismatic casing under internal explosive loading

Non-cylindrical casings filled with explosives have undergone rapid development in warhead design and explosion control. The fragment spatial distribution of prismatic casings is more complex than that of traditional cylindrical casings. In this study, numerical and experimental investigations into the fragment spatial distribution of a prismatic casing were conducted. A new numerical method, which adds the Lagrangian marker points to the Eulerian grid, was proposed to track the multi-material interfaces and material dynamic fractures. Physical quantity mappings between the Lagrangian marker points and Eulerian grid were achieved by their topological relationship. Thereafter, the fragment spatial distributions of the prismatic casing with different fragment sizes, fragment shapes, and casing geometries were obtained using the numerical method. Moreover, fragment spatial distribution experiments were conducted on the prismatic casing with different fragment sizes and shapes, and the experimental data were compared with the numerical results. The effects of the fragment and casing geometry on the fragment spatial distributions were determined by analyzing the numerical results and experimental data. Finally, a formula including the casing geometry parameters was fitted to predict the fragment spatial distribution of the prismatic casing under internal explosive loading.     

Spatial pricing and product allocation in online retailing

Spatial pricing means a retailer price discriminates its customers based on their geographic locations. In this article, we study how an online retailer should jointly allocate multiple products and facilitate spatial price discrimination to maximize profits. When deciding between a centralized product allocation ((i.e., different products are allocated to the same fulfillment center) and decentralized product allocation (ie, different products are allocated to different fulfillment centers), the retailer faces the tradeoff between shipment pooling (ie, shipping multiple products in one package), and demand localization (ie, stocking products to satisfy local demand) based on its understanding of customers' product valuations. In our basic model, we consider two widely used spatial pricing policies: free on board (FOB) pricing that charges each customer the exact amount of shipping cost, and uniform delivered (UD) pricing that provides free shipping. We propose a stylized model and find that centralized product allocation is preferred when demand localization effect is relatively low or shipment pooling benefit is relatively high under both spatial pricing policies. Moreover, centralized product allocation is more preferred under the FOB pricing which encourages the purchase of virtual bundles of multiple products. Furthermore, we respectively extend the UD and FOB pricing policies to flat rate shipping (ie, the firm charges a constant shipping fee for each purchase), and linear rate shipping (ie, the firm sets the shipping fee as a fixed proportion of firm's actual fulfillment costs). While similar observations from the basic model still hold, we find the firm can improve its profit by sharing the fulfillment cost with its customers via the flat rate or linear rate shipping fee structure.