Coordination mechanisms for a three‐stage reverse supply chain to increase profitable returns

In this article, we consider a generic electronic product that can be remanufactured or recycled at the end of its life cycle to generate new profit. We first describe the product return process and then present a customer segmentation model to capture consumers' different behaviors with respect to product return so that the retailer can work more effectively to increase the return volume. In regard to the collaboration between the retailer and the manufacturer, we explore a revenue‐sharing coordination mechanism for achieving a win‐win outcome. The optimality and sensitivity of the critical parameters in four strategies are obtained and examined both theoretically and numerically, which generate insights on how to manage an efficient consumer‐retailer‐manufacturer reverse supply chain, as well as on the feasibility of simplifying such a three‐stage chain structure. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2013     

On gamma estimation via matrix kriging

In financial engineering, sensitivities of derivative prices (also known as the Greeks) are important quantities in risk management, and stochastic gradient estimation methods are used to estimate them given the market parameters. In practice, the surface (function) of the Greeks with respect to the underlying parameters is much more desired, because it can be used in real‐time risk management. In this paper, we consider derivatives with multiple underlying assets, and propose three stochastic kriging‐based methods, the element‐by‐element, the importance mapping, and the Cholesky decomposition, to fit the surface of the gamma matrix that can fulfill the time constraint and the precision requirement in real‐time risk management. Numerical experiments are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods.     

试论孙子兵法对消防工作的指导

近年来,全国各级公安消防部门为有效防控重特大火灾事故、确保火灾形势稳定,发起了治理火灾隐患的战役。打好战役,必须讲方法、讲韬略。《孙子兵法》是一部伟大的军事著作,共分13篇,在其中选取部分精辟的观点,试述其对加强和改进消防工作的指导作用。     

优化边防情报资源管理模式探析

边防情报在公安边防部门开展对敌斗争,维护沿边沿海地区政治、社会稳定和预防打击犯罪中发挥着越来越重要的作用。对边防情报进行科学管理,更好地发挥边防情报的服务功能,需要对边防情报资源管理模式进行优化。引入知识管理模式,以期实现边防情报资源管理模式的优化。     

基于冗余管理的水下航行器深度容错控制方法

随着海洋开发的日益增加,水下航行器的研究也进入了快速发展阶段,如何保证航行器在水下恶劣环境中可靠工作成为急待解决的问题,尤其对于超远航程和超长航时的航行器,其航行过程中难免会发生意外错误,因此在保证性能的同时,如何提高水下航行器的容错能力成为近年来研究的一个热点问题.提出了一种基于冗余管理(Redundancy Management)理论的水下航行器容错控制方案,方案有效利用了航行器中各传感器的冗余性,减少了硬件设备的增加,降低了成本,并利用有限元状态机方法进行了Matlab程序仿真,结果表明,整个方案设计合理,容错控制律真正达到了"容错控制"的目的.     

基于高阶累积量与神经网络的干扰识别算法

研究了一种基于高阶累积量和神经网络的干扰识别算法。该方法把卫星通信中常见的各种干扰信号的归一化高阶累积量作为分类特征参数,应用神经网络对特征参数进行分类训练,将接收干扰信号的归一化高阶累积量输入已训练的神经网络进行干扰类型的识别。试验结果表明:该算法在低干信比的情况下具有较高的识别准确率。     

火控系统故障预测与健康管理技术

故障预测和健康管理(PHM)技术具有故障诊断、故障预测以及健康管理的功能,对降低火控装备维修成本、增强火控系统的完备性以及提高火控系统管理效率具有重要意义。根据通用火控系统发展现状及应用需求,将PHM技术引入到火控系统中。首先介绍了PHM技术原理和国内外发展现状,重点讨论了PHM关键技术和通用火控系统PHM体系结构。最后展望了火控系统PHM技术的发展趋势。     

基于领域本体的舰船装备维修保障知识表示研究

针对舰船装备维修保障领域维修保障知识缺乏有效统一管理、共享和重用程度低等问题,将领域本体理论引入维修保障知识管理中,提出了基于全寿命周期的舰船装备维修保障知识本体建模方法。分析舰船装备维修保障领域知识的来源、分类和构成,构建了装备维修保障领域的顶层本体及其概念关系。重点介绍了维修保障知识中故障案例知识的本体建模表示,并提出了基于预检索的全局故障案例知识检索算法,建立了原型系统并应用验证。结果表明:该方法能够解决目前维修保障知识管理中存在的问题,提高了知识检索效率。     

基于小波变换的舰船辐射噪声调制特征分析

舰船辐射噪声在不同频带上的调制是有差异,利用多子带技术可以得到不同频带上的调制谱.研究了多子带分析技术以及利用小波包分析获得不同频带上的调制谱技术,利用最小信息熵准则对小波包分解进行了优化.双比两种方法,得到了一些有益的结论.试验表明,多子带分析技术对识别工程应用有指导意义.     

Dynamics in pastoral resource management and conflict in the Borana rangelands of southern Ethiopia

Based on primary and secondary data, this paper provides a qualitative account of current changes in the pattern of natural resource management as a result of resource degradation and conflict in the Borana rangelands of southern Ethiopia. Population pressure, recurrent drought and the depleted carrying capacity of pastoral resources, as well as the encroachment of neighbouring ethnic groups, present the Borana community with a significant challenge. The diminishing resilience of traditional politico-judicial institutions under the famous Gada system often result in the rise of new forms of land use such as farming and private enclosures, which compete with the traditional communal tenure system. The gradual collapse of traditional norms and value systems and the apparent inefficiency in the formal administrative structures have exacerbated the problems of resource degradation and conflict between multiple resource-users.