Study on performance degradation and failure analysis of machine gun barrel

An increase in the use of the gun barrel will cause wear of the inner wall, which reduces the muzzle velocity and the spin rate of the projectile. The off-bore flight attitude and trajectory of the projectile also change, affecting the shooting power and the accuracy. Exterior ballistic data of a high-speed spinning projectile are required to study the performance change. Therefore, based on the barrel's accelerated life test, the whole process of projectile shooting is reproduced using numerical simulation technology, and key information on the ballistic performance change at each shooting stage are acquired. Studies have shown that in the later stages of barrel shooting, the accuracy of shooting has not decreased significantly. However, it is found that the angle of attack of the projectile increases as the wear of the barrel increases. The maximum angle of attack reaches 0.106 rad when the number of shots reaches 4300. Meanwhile, elliptical bullet hole has appeared on the target at this shooting stage. Through combining external ballistic theory with simulation results, the primary reason of this phenomenon is found to be a significant decrease in the muzzle spin rate of the projectile. At the end of the barrel life, the projectile muzzle spin rate is 57.5% lower than that of a barrel without wear.     

Some new results on the preservation of the NBUE and NWUE aging classes under the formation of coherent systems

We consider the classical problem of whether certain classes of lifetime distributions are preserved under the formation of coherent systems. Under the assumption of independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) component lifetimes, we consider the NBUE (new better than used in expectation) and NWUE (new worse than used in expectation) classes. First, a necessary condition for a coherent system to preserve the NBUE class is given. Sufficient conditions are then obtained for systems satisfying this necessary condition. The sufficient conditions are satisfied for a collection of systems which includes all parallel systems, but the collection is shown to be strictly larger. We also prove that no coherent system preserves the NWUE class. As byproducts of our study, we obtain the following results for the case of i.i.d. component lifetimes: (a) the DFR (decreasing failure rate) class is preserved by no coherent systems other than series systems, and (b) the IMRL (increasing mean residual life) class is not preserved by any coherent systems. Generalizations to the case of dependent component lifetimes are briefly discussed.     

Stage life testing

In progressive censoring, items are removed at certain times during the life test. Commonly, it is assumed that the removed items are used for further testing. In order to take into account information about these additional testing in inferential procedures, we propose a two‐step model of stage life testing with one fixed stage‐change time which incorporates information about both the removed items (further tested under different conditions) and those remaining in the current life test. We show that some marginal distributions in our model correspond either to progressive censoring with a fixed censoring time or to a simple‐step stress model. Furthermore, assuming a cumulative exposure model, we establish exact inferential results for the distribution parameters when the lifetimes are exponentially distributed. An extension to Weibull distributed lifetimes is also discussed.     

试论屈原的人生观

屈原的人生观是以立志成名、追求理想、进德修业、乐观向上为主要特征的 ,表现出了胸襟宽阔、锐意进取、昂扬奋发的气概。它能够使人从中获得极大的精神鼓舞和深刻的人生启迪     

基于贝叶斯模型的装备剩余寿命预测研究

为了解决武器装备日益复杂及维修工作日趋繁重的问题,运用贝叶斯模型预测装备修理后的剩余寿命,为合理安排其修理计划提供依据。替代传统的指数分布,用威布尔分布描述系统寿命特征,并运用极大似然方法和贝叶斯方法估计威布尔分布的两个未知参数,给出其置信区间。在此基础上,对先验样本和后验样本两种不同情况,分别运用贝叶斯模型预测装备修理后的剩余寿命,并给出实例。结果表明了该方法的有效性。     

多维作战空间陆战兵力作战仿真方法

为探讨在登陆作战中陆战兵力作战能力问题,加强对现代作战的定量分析,针对武器装备作战能力向多维作战空间扩展的实际,使用多维战斗力指数和生命力指数表示作战单位的多维作战能力。在分析的基础上,建立了多维作战空间中的陆战兵力作战仿真方法,该方法的核心是将多维作战能力指数和生命力指数运用到兰彻斯特方程中。结合登陆作战中的两个主要阶段,分析了海上突击时对双方战斗力的影响,并通过作战仿真方法对算例进行了求解。分析结果表明,该方程能够描述登陆作战中的主要战斗行动,可以作为作战运筹分析的参考依据,适用于登陆作战仿真系统。     

舰艇作战指挥决策模型可信度评估流程分析

舰艇作战指挥决策模型的可信度是一项复杂的系统工程,而评估流程又是这项工程的基础性工作,直接影响到可信度评估的成败。运用了评估学的基本理论对舰艇作战指挥决策模型可信度评估流程进行分析,将可信度评估分为三个阶段,即评估准备阶段、评估实施阶段和评估总结阶段,研究和阐述了这三个阶段的具体工作、要求和标准等,最后,建立了专家评审流程图、可信度评估指标体系以及用于可信度评估指标的数据采集表,分析对比了数据处理方法的优缺点。     

从规训教育到生命教育

生命教育是以学生生命过程和价值为本的教育理念,这种教育理念认为：教育的主题是艺术地生活、教育的目的是培育活跃的思维、教育的过程就是生活探险的过程。我们迫切需要转变目前的规训教育模式,将教育回归到人之中,从学生主体内在生成过程的视角去理解教育过程,努力寻求和建立一种追求生命价值的教育模式。     

陶渊明对生命意识的自然解读

陶渊明所处的魏晋时期是人的生命意识和生命情绪全面觉醒的时期,生命成为人们关注的对象,从陶渊明的生命价值、生命真谛和生命信仰来探讨他的自然观,进而表现陶渊明对生命意识的独特解读。     

汽车工业绿色再制造的开发与应用

绿色再制造工程是一种适应生态及经济需要的再循环形式,再制造业是一个新兴的产业。旧汽车的超期服役和处理将会给社会和环境带来巨大危害,推行汽车的绿色再制造工程是解决废旧汽车引发社会公害问题的重要途径,其相当部分的废旧零部件经再制造后可以重新使用,再制造产品的性能等同或优于新品:而另一些废的零部件则以材料的形式综合回收利用。汽车的绿色再制造工程对于节约资源和保护环境,推动社会、经济、环境的协调发展具有十分重要而又长远的现实意义。