Evasion costs and the theory Of conscription

This paper examines the trade and military relationship between two countries which have a common military enemy. The paper explains how the former two countries, which are military allies and trading partners, share the burden of defence against the third country. It demonstrates how the defence production of a country may hurt its ally because the latter country's terms of trade can be deteriorated. Whether or not a smaller ally spends less on defence is analyzed. Also analyzed is the effects of the reactions of the enemy country on the trade between the two allies and their welfare.     

Determinants of military expenditure and the role of globalisation in a cross-country analysis

Abstract

Anecdotal evidence offers conflicting views on the impact of globalisation on military expenditure. We contribute to the existing literature by investigating the effect of globalisation on military expenditure in 82 countries for the period, 1989–2012. After introducing economic and strategic variables into the model, we utilise the dynamic panel generalised method of moments system to estimate the relationship in the variables. The empirical findings reveal that globalisation reduces both military burden and real military expenditure. The findings are consistent, irrespective of the globalisation indicator adopted. The policy implications of the results are explained.     

Formulations for dynamic lot sizing with service levels

In this article, we study deterministic dynamic lot‐sizing problems with a service‐level constraint on the total number of periods in which backlogs can occur over a finite planning horizon. We give a natural mixed integer programming formulation for the single item problem (LS‐SL‐I) and study the structure of its solution. We show that an optimal solution to this problem can be found in \begin{align*}\mathcal O(n^2\kappa)\end{align*} time, where n is the planning horizon and \begin{align*}\kappa=\mathcal O(n)\end{align*} is the maximum number of periods in which demand can be backlogged. Using the proposed shortest path algorithms, we develop alternative tight extended formulations for LS‐SL‐I and one of its relaxations, which we refer to as uncapacitated lot sizing with setups for stocks and backlogs. {We show that this relaxation also appears as a substructure in a lot‐sizing problem which limits the total amount of a period's demand met from a later period, across all periods.} We report computational results that compare the natural and extended formulations on multi‐item service‐level constrained instances. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2013     

石英晶体测试实验中干扰的消除

Ｙ－切石英晶体的各向异性物理特性,使它在正碰撞或平面冲击波作用条件下能产生压剪波的传播,为实现对材料的压剪加载实验研究提供了条件。由于石英晶体的压电效应,国外采用了ＶＩＳＡＲ技术进行测试。在我们的工作中,首次尝试用锰铜压阻法和电磁质速测量法进行测试。压电效应造成了明显的干扰,妨碍信号的获取。实验中用磁控溅射方法将石英晶体表面镀银层约１μｍ,达到了中和极化电荷、屏蔽极化电场的目的,比较成功地消除了压电干扰,获得了有效的测试信号。     

纵火战斗部爆炸分散仿真研究

在试验的基础上,从炸药对纵火炬的驱动和纵火炬在空中飞散两个方面,对其在战斗部静爆和动态飞行时的爆炸分散进行了仿真研究,研究结果对纵火弹的具体设计具有重要的参考价值。     

基于ANP的多目标网络目标重要度评估方法

摘　要：目标重要度分析是军事计划人员开发作战计划方案的前提和基础,是形成作战行动的基本依据。针对多目标网络中重心的抽象性及不易打击的特点,分析影响重心的关键要素及其依赖关系,提出了基于改进网络分析法的多目标网络重心模型,利用该模型分析目标相对于重心的重要度。研究了该模型涉及的两个关键技术,即改进判断矩阵以提高决策的速度和克服决策的主观性,利用协调理论确定要素之间的依赖关系。以分析某地区多目标网络的过程为例,验证了该模型的有效性和合理性。     

预制缺陷柱壳结构的等效裂纹分析方法

针对传统有限元法在分析预制缺陷柱壳时出现的应力/应变计算精度不足、无法有效指导工程实践的问题,提出了一种具有高冗余度的等效裂纹分析方法。将预制缺陷视作典型裂纹,基于奇异裂纹元法对其进行裂纹稳定性分析,并根据稳定性分析结果来评估预制缺陷柱壳的结构完整性。通过该方法得到的分析结果具有比常规有限元分析更高的可靠性,对于导弹线式爆炸分离装置等工作环境恶劣、风险系数较高的预制缺陷柱壳结构而言,该方法有助于提升其设计的安全裕度,具有一定的工程实用性。     

量子环流理论研究富勒烯分子的磁学性质

在原子轨道线性组合方法中引进规范变换,推导出在外加恒定磁场下分子中的电子环流表达式,应用该理论导出了分子磁化率的一般公式,并对Ｃ６０和Ｃ７０分子中π电子的磁化率进行了计算。     

烟花爆竹及民用爆炸物品建筑工程消防审核验收探讨

结合烟花爆竹、民用爆炸物品的生产、储存火灾危险性,探讨了公安机关消防机构如何对烟花爆竹、民用爆炸物品生产、储存场所进行消防设计审核验收,以起到加强烟花爆竹、民用爆炸物品生产、储存建筑消防安全的目的。     

度量空间的非标准特征(I)

本文首先引进度量空间非标准包的定义,然后将讨论非标准包的许多性质。在此基础上,用非标准方法来刻划度量空间中的各种紧性。最后应用这些结果,将证明ＡｒｚｅｌａＡｓｃｏｌｉ定理,并在较弱的条件下,得到Ｂａｎａｃｈ不动点定理。