基于磁强计和光纤陀螺的小卫星姿态确定非线性滤波算法

提出了一种小卫星姿态确定的非线性滤波算法,该算法利用三轴磁强计和光纤陀螺作为姿态敏感器。在非线性滤波器的设计中,从两个方面对平方根sigma点卡尔曼滤波方法进行改进。第一,把姿态四元数的矢量部分、光纤陀螺的漂移和噪声组合,得到滤波器的增广状态向量;第二,分别建立向量旋转模型、最优化模型和误差四元数乘法模型来确保非线性滤波过程中四元数的归一化约束。仿真分析结果表明,本文提出的非线性滤波算法能够有效地提高小卫星的定姿性能,与扩展卡尔曼滤波相比,具有较高的精度、稳定性和较快的收敛速度;与无迹卡尔曼滤波相比,收敛性相当,但是精度略优,稳定性和计算效率较高。     

Using a birth‐and‐death process to estimate the steady‐state distribution of a periodic queue

If the number of customers in a queueing system as a function of time has a proper limiting steady‐state distribution, then that steady‐state distribution can be estimated from system data by fitting a general stationary birth‐and‐death (BD) process model to the data and solving for its steady‐state distribution using the familiar local‐balance steady‐state equation for BD processes, even if the actual process is not a BD process. We show that this indirect way to estimate the steady‐state distribution can be effective for periodic queues, because the fitted birth and death rates often have special structure allowing them to be estimated efficiently by fitting parametric functions with only a few parameters, for example, 2. We focus on the multiserver M_t/GI/s queue with a nonhomogeneous Poisson arrival process having a periodic time‐varying rate function. We establish properties of its steady‐state distribution and fitted BD rates. We also show that the fitted BD rates can be a useful diagnostic tool to see if an M_t/GI/s model is appropriate for a complex queueing system. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 62: 664–685, 2015     

基于无偏GM(1,1)幂模型的意图威胁建模

在态势威胁的基础上,利用无偏GM(1,1)幂模型设计了一种敌机意图威胁的模型。首先,提出了素质因子和探测概率因子,在此基础上,建立了改进的态势威胁模型。然后,将角度作为特征量对敌机机动进行预测,并建立了意图威胁模型。最后,分别对态势威胁和意图威胁模型进行仿真。结果表明,意图威胁模型行之有效。     

State fragility and violent uprisings in Nigeria

Abstract

The emergence of the Islamic sect, Boko Haram, and its transformation into a terrorist organisation has dominated recent discourse in the fields of political science and security studies, both within and without the socio-politico enclave known as Nigeria. Much of the discussion has centred on the extra-judicial execution of its founder, Mohammed Yusuf, which purportedly intensified the radicalisation of the group, and whether or not the sect receives operational and/or financial support from foreign terrorist associations. The interest of others has been to forecast the possibility of the internationalisation of the group's activities. This paper aligns with those whose interest is to identify and proffer ways of resolving factors that predisposed the Nigerian state to the levels of violence perpetrated by Boko Haram, with a view to averting much greater crises in the future. It adopts some historicism in demonstrating that the responsibility for the deepening insecurity in the country resides in the Nigerian state structure, which has often been seen as willing to sacrifice the well-being of the many for the benefit of a few. On the whole, the paper utilises state fragility as the framework of analysis by identifying the incapacity of the state in effective service delivery, which has as a result created a situation of mass unemployment and extreme poverty that has fanned the Boko Haram uprising. It concludes that a sustainable solution to the crisis lies in addressing the root causes of inequality, unemployment and poverty, with which most Nigerians, particularly in the north, subsist.     

罐底渗漏的罐基油气质量分数探测法识别

油罐是油品储运的重要设备,罐底最易出现穿孔渗漏油现象,致使罐基内部油气质量分数高于正常值。以油库中柴油覆土罐群为例,研究并试验了根据罐基油气质量分数识别罐底渗漏的方法：分析罐基探漏孔位置分布并钻孔;多次探测罐基油气质量分数,根据探测数据识别各罐有无底部渗漏;为了便于以后检测油库时识别各罐有无渗漏,为各罐建立状态监测表,并将无渗漏的罐基油气质量分数最高值暂定为该类罐的安全值,低于该安全值的油罐可直接判定为无渗漏。实践结果证明,这种不开罐检测罐底渗漏油的方法可及时发现故障并采取措施,对储油安全具有重要意义。     

基于DoDAF与Petri网的预警卫星系统建模分析

预警卫星系统在弹道导弹防御系统中处在最前沿,在战争中起着其他装备无法替代的作用。依据DoDAF和预警卫星系统的作战流程,构建了预警卫星系统作战状态转换(OV-6b)模型,以描述预警卫星系统作战过程的时序关系、各作战节点的状态转换以及信息流关系。基于Petri网将各节点OV-6b模型转换成可执行模型进行驱动,并构建和分析了各Petri网模型的可达图,结果表明,建立的OV-6b模型和Petri网模型是合理的、正确的。     

基于综合识别的高速飞行器自适应控制方法(英文)

针对高速飞行器的传统自适应控制方法中控制器参数获取时间长,辨识存在收敛性的问题,设计了一种基于综合识别方法的新型自校正控制方案。首先,由在线直接可测量构成特征模型的特征状态量,并以特征模型作为参考模型来设计控制器;其次,通过获得的特征状态量来在线调配对象系统的零极点,输出达到期望性能所需要的控制参数。仿真结果表明:该方法能较理想地实现在线自适应控制,保证系统良好的鲁棒性和快速性,同时在工程上易于实现。     

神经网络在雷达装备故障趋势预测中的应用

为了提高预测精度,在雷达装备状态监测与故障趋势预测系统中引入基于指数衰减的神经网络预测模型。通过普通BP网络预测模型引出基于指数衰减的神经网络预测模型,经验证预测精度较高。并介绍了雷达装备状态监测与故障趋势预测系统构成,此系统对于雷达装备的早期故障预测和预防性维修具有重要意义。     

高层住宅物业消防现状及思考

物业管理是城市社区管理中一个重要的基层管理体系,消防安全管理作为物业管理的一项重要工作,目前还存在着许多亟待解决的问题。从高层住宅物业消防管理的现状入手,分析其存在的问题及原因,探讨解决问题的措施,促进物业消防管理的发展完善。     

The ligaments of counter-terrorism regime: sexual violence and the vicarious traumatisation of female non-governmental organisation workers: evidence from Nigeria

ABSTRACT

There is a dearth of studies on indirect victims of sexual violence in counter-terrorism efforts. Using Nigeria as a case study, this paper argues that global and state-level counter-terrorism policies have generally failed to account for the psychological effects of the engagement of female NGO workers in counter-terrorism operations or mitigating the effects of terrorism in conflict zones. Specifically, there has been an increase in sexual violence perpetrated by some members of the security agencies involved in counter-terrorism operations in North-eastern Nigeria. As a result, female NGO workers carry out Medicare, psychosocial counselling and advocacy for these victims. Female NGO workers become exposed to the trauma of victims of sexual violence, which affects their mental health and thus performances in counter-terrorism activities in the country. This altered their worldview on issues of safety even among secured locations or among the presence of security agents and reinforced feelings of powerlessness.