舰用主锅炉低负荷时升压运行对蒸汽净化的影响

分析了蒸汽压力变化对饱和蒸汽湿度和汽水分离的影响,并在模拟器上进行了定量计算,得出的结论为某型舰用主锅炉低负荷时升压运行提供了理论依据.     

溅板式层板喷注单元燃烧特性数值分析

为了获得喷注单元结构参数对喷注器燃烧特性的影响规律,利用数值分析方法对单喷嘴溅板式层板喷注单元气-气燃烧特性进行研究,考察燃烧室特征长度及出口层喷嘴宽度对气氧/甲烷流动及燃烧特性的影响。在求解气-气燃烧流场方面,采用带化学反应的湍流N-S方程进行描述,其中化学动力学反应模型采用简化的单步9组分模型。研究结果表明:燃烧室特征长度的增大有利于特征速度效率的增加;该条件下采用溅板式层板喷注单元所对应的燃烧室特征长度约为600 mm。对比分析发现,出口层喷嘴宽度取0.15 mm时,水组分摩尔分数与热力计算值差别最大;当其值取1.05 mm时,燃烧室头部区域截面温度上升最快,取0.45 mm时上升最慢。总的来说,出口层喷嘴宽度取0.75 mm时,燃烧长度最短,燃烧效率最大。     

化工企业使用丙酮过程中火灾危险性研究

以某使用丙酮危化品企业为例,分析计算丙酮在使用过程中发生火灾爆炸事故的可能性及后果严重性,重点针对反应釜失控后果危险性、蒸气云爆炸后果危险性进行定量分析,并针对定量分析结果提出了相应的消防安全控制措施。     

船用蒸汽发生器传热管破损事故研究

综合应用事件树分析和确定论分析方法,建立船用蒸汽发生器传热管破损事故动态分析模型;基于运行安全分析研究选用典型事件序列,并利用仿真应用平台对该模型进行了仿真计算分析;明确了故事的发展过程和处置措施,以及多重故障和人工干预等因素对事故的影响结果.该研究结果对该事故操作规程的制定有一定的指导意义.     

基于Elman神经网络的NSG水位特性辨识方法研究

针对核动力蒸汽发生器在瞬态、启动和低功率下的“收缩”与“膨胀”现象引起的逆动力学效应使核动力蒸汽发生器水位特性难以辨识的问题,提出了基于Elman神经网络的NSG水位特性辨识的新方法.采用串-并联型辨识结构,以保证辨识的收敛性和稳定性.网络训练采用Levenberg-Marququardt BP学习算法.仿真结果表明,所提出的方法能够正确地辨识核动力蒸汽发生器的水位特性,且具有较高的辨识精度.     

船用核动力装置给水减少事件分析与处置研究

从船用核动力装置蒸汽发生器给水减少事件出发,建立事件树分析模型,在保证核安全的前提下,以确保反应堆不停堆为约束条件,运用Relap5/Mod3程序对事件演变过程中的热工水力参数进行计算分析,筛选出在不同运行条件下处理该事件的最佳方案。分析结果表明,在反应堆低功率运行时,并不是所用的给水减少均会造成反应堆停堆,存在最佳的处理方案及相对较长的处置时间用以恢复反应堆及蒸汽发生器的正常运行状态。     

神经网络自适应给水控制器设计研究

针对船用核动力装置运行的特点,研究了直流蒸汽发生器的水位控制问题.利用现代控制理论,设计神经网络自适应给水控制器的结构和算法.仿真试验分析验证了神经网络自适应控制器的控制性能和可行性.     

电控喷油器控制柱塞偶件高压变形与泄漏分析

为准确选取柱塞偶件的间隙,简述了喷油器柱塞偶件间隙要求,分析了高压油压泄漏的影响因素,给出了柱塞偶件的受力和泄漏的数学模型,采用ANSYS仿真软件对某柴油机电控喷油器柱塞偶件进行变形分析,对比不同条件下的柱塞的变形量和配合间隙变化,并根据变形量计算出对应的泄漏量。以变形量和泄漏量为衡量指标,给出合理间隙的柱塞偶件方案。     

气液比对液体中心式气液同轴离心喷嘴燃烧过程的影响

为了分析气液比对液体中心式气液同轴离心喷嘴燃烧过程的影响,针对一台采用液体中心式气液同轴离心喷嘴的燃气发生器在不同气液比下进行热试,并对试验结果进行深入分析。结果表明:随着气液比的增加,燃烧过程存在三种状态——稳定燃烧、稳定燃烧过渡到低频不稳定燃烧、低频不稳定燃烧。这种低频不稳定燃烧与供应系统的振荡无关,是由气液比增加造成三岔火焰远离喷注面板,当三岔火焰到达喷雾撞击点后火焰稳定性降低,使得火焰在回流区内前后振荡引起的。     

Investigation on energy output structure of explosives near-ground explosion

In order to give the energy output structure of typical explosives near-ground explosion in real ground conditions, the free-field shockwave, ground reflection shockwave and Mach wave overpressure time history of composition B explosive, RDX explosive and aluminized explosive were measured by air pressure sensors and ground pressure sensors. The shape of the free-field shock wave, ground reflection shock wave, and Mach wave and explosion flame were captured by high-speed camera. The experimental results show that, at the same horizontal distance from the initiation point, the peak overpressure of explosive shock wave of composition B explosive, both in the air and on the ground, is less than that of RDX and aluminized explosives. At a distance of 3.0 m from the initiation point, the peak overpressure of aluminized explosives is slightly less than that of RDX explosives. Owing to the exothermic effect of aluminum powder, the pressure drop of aluminized explosives is slower than that of RDX explosives. At 5.0 m from the initiation point, the peak overpressure of aluminized explosives is larger than that of RDX explosives. At the same position from the initiation point, among the three kinds of explosives, the impulse of aluminized explosives is the maximum and the impulse of composition B explosives is the minimum. With the increase of the horizontal distance from the initiation point, the height of Mach triple-points (Mach steam) of the three explosives increases gradually. At the same horizontal distance from the initiation point, there is poorly difference in the height of Mach triple-points between aluminized explosive and RDX explosive, and the height of Mach triple-points of composition B explosive is much smaller than that of other two explosives. The maximum diameter and duration of the fireball formed by aluminized explosives are the largest, followed by composition B explosive, and the maximum diameter and duration of the fireball formed by RDX explosive are the smallest.