氯酸钾对不锈钢在硫酸和盐酸混合溶液中的缓蚀行为

研究了缓蚀剂ＫＣｌＯ３在７０％Ｈ２ＳＯ４和０．２％ＨＣｌ溶液中对１８—８不锈钢的缓蚀行为。运用线性极化技术测定了缓蚀剂的缓蚀效率为９６％。动电位极化曲线、循环极化曲线及交流阻抗的测量表明,缓蚀剂ＫＣｌＯ３是一种阳极钝化型缓蚀剂,添加缓蚀剂ＫＣｌＯ３后,不锈钢表面氧化膜进一步加强,从而有效地抑制不锈钢的均匀腐蚀和孔蚀。     

CCD在钢板计数中的应用研究

长期以来,一直依赖于人工计数叠层钢板,劳动强度大,精确度低,为解决这一困扰生产的难题,笔者研制了CCD钢板计数装置。在单片机系统的控制下,CCD象感器利用操作简单的光学机构获取叠层钢板侧面的图象信息,经处理后,形成能反映钢板叠层变化的窄脉冲序列,该脉冲序列经单片机分析,精确地判断出叠层钢板的张数。现场使用,结果准确无误。     

中碳钢碳化物相位的应变诱发快速球化

中碳钢中的片状共析碳化物,可在A_(c1)点之下较高的温度进行适量的变形即可在形变过程中实现球化;停止变形后继续在变形温度停留1～2小时,可使碳化物球通过奥斯瓦尔德熟化达到尺寸均匀化和粗化,同时使铁素体基体完成再结晶。     

凹槽构型对平板气层减阻影响试验分析

通过平板凹槽喷气减阻模型试验,研究了航速和气流量等因素对平板气层减阻规律的影响,并利用水下摄像系统对不同凹槽构型内的气层形态进行了观测。试验结果表明:不喷气时凹槽的存在会使平板的阻力增加;喷气可以有效减小平板阻力,存在饱和气流量;饱和气流量随着槽深的增加而减小,饱和气流量下平板的绝对减阻率随航速的增加而降低;设置凹槽构型是保持平板下表面气层稳定性的有效措施,合适的凹槽构型可以明显改善平板底部喷气流场,提高平板喷气减阻效果;在Fr为0.119时,饱和气流量下平板的绝对减阻率可以达到40%以上。     

新型抗冲击、抗爆炸防护结构的研究

海湾战争、科索沃战争和伊拉克战争表明,完善的防护工程体系在高科技局部战争中具有极为重要的作用。针对目前防护工程中存在的一些问题,提出了一种新型抗冲击、抗爆炸防护结构,该防护结构以钢管混凝土短构件为基本构件,通过一定的组合方式组成一种新型的遮弹结构,由于钢管混凝土构件具有承载能力高、抗压强度大尤其是延性好的特性,因此该新型遮弹结构的抗冲击和抗爆炸能力是很强的,非常适宜在防护工程中应用。     

The Early Responses of Air-backed plate subjected to underwater explosion with aluminized explosives

This work aims to research the effects on the early responses of the air-backed plate subjected to the loading generated by the underwater explosion with aluminized explosives. The loading characteristics of underwater explosion for ideal explosive (TNT), aluminized explosives (RS211 and RBUL) are obtained experimentally. The tested aluminized explosives have different energy output compared with TNT. Based on the Taylor plate theory, the early responses of the air-backed steel plate affected by the measured loading is analyzed. The analytical results indicate that the pressure curve of the shock wave within 1 time decay constant is the main factor affecting the kick-off velocity of the plate when cavitation occurring. The velocity responses of the plate produced by the loading of RS211 and RBUL are obviously different with that of an equivalent TNT charge, which also indicates validity and suitability should be noticed in the case of substituting TNT for aluminized explosives. Moreover, the uncertainties in the responses of the plate produced by RS211 and RBUL are much larger than TNT.     

Statistical variability and fragility assessment of ballistic perforation of steel plates for 7.62 mm AP ammunition

The paper describes field test results of 7.62 × 51 mm M61 AP (armour piercing) ammunition fired into mild steel targets at an outdoor range. The targets varied from 10 mm to 32 mm in thickness. The tests recorded penetration depth, probability of perforation (i.e., complete penetration), muzzle and impact velocities, bullet mass, and plate yield strength and hardness. The measured penetration depth exhibited a variability of approximately ±12%. The paper then compared ballistic test results with predictive models of steel penetration depth and thickness to prevent perforation. Statistical parameters were derived for muzzle and impact velocity, bullet mass, plate thickness, plate hardness, and model error. A Monte-Carlo probabilistic analysis was then developed to estimate the probability of plate perforation of 7.62 mm M61 AP ammunition for a range of impact velocities, and for mild steels, and High Hardness Armour (HHA) plates. This perforation fragility analysis considered the random variability of impact velocity, bullet mass, plate thickness, plate hardness, and model error. Such a probabilistic analysis allows for reliability-based design, where, for example, the plate thickness with 95% reliability (i.e. only 1 in 20 shots will penetrate the wall) can be estimated knowing the probabilistic distribution of perforation. Hence, it was found that the plate thickness to ensure a low 5% probability of perforation needs to be 11–15% thicker than required to have a 50/50 chance of perforation for mild steel plates. Plates would need to be 20–30% thicker if probability of perforation is reduced to zero.     

无电焊接中厚度钢板焊接接头的组织结构与性能研究

采用无电焊接方法对12mm厚度钢板进行了焊接。分析了满足中厚度钢板焊接能量要求的技术途径;利用SEM,EDS,XRD等手段观察、分析了焊缝的组织成分与显微结构;测试了焊接接头的拉伸强度、弯曲强度、显微硬度等力学性能。结果表明:在选择高放热体系基础上,通过增大焊接笔直径、减小反应物料粒径、提高压坯密度等方法,可以有效增大焊接热效率,从而满足中厚度钢板焊接能量需求;焊缝组织分为热影响区、熔合区与合金区,焊缝合金与母材间通过熔合区形成了冶金结合;焊接接头因固溶强化和析晶强化的作用,具有良好的力学性能,拉伸强度、平均显微硬度与弯曲强度分别为357MPa、186HV0.2与644MPa,达到了野战应急抢修技术要求。     

试验面选取对碳钢点蚀电位测量的影响

采用金相分析技术和准稳态极化试验研究了试样试验面选取对碳钢点蚀电位测量的影响.结果表明,当不同试验面的夹杂物形态有很大差异时,测得的点蚀电位有较明显的差异.     

基于改进的投影法的目标标识定位算法研究

军事对抗中,需要准确识别目标标识,以车辆识别中车牌精确定位为例进行研究。通过结合利用跳变法和投影法,提出一种基于改进的投影法的车牌定位。由进行车牌水平定位的跳变法和进行车牌垂直定位的投影法两个步骤组成。其中,像素在车牌水平方向的区域内会产生明显跳变,先通过跳变法确定车牌的水平区域。由于车牌一般位于图像的下半部分,所以从图像的1/2高度到4/5高度,1/3宽度到4/5宽度处扫描,减少背景区干扰。然后在车牌的水平区域再进行垂直投影,得到车牌的准确位置。实验结果证明,该方法不仅可以有效提高定位速度,还能够由于减少背景区的干扰而提高定位准确度。