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601.
We consider a manufacturer, served by a single supplier, who has to quote due dates to arriving customers in a make‐to‐order production environment. The manufacturer is penalized for long lead times and for missing due dates. To meet due dates, the manufacturer has to obtain components from a supplier. We model this manufacturer and supplier as a two‐machine flow shop, consider several variations of this problem, and design effective due‐date quotation and scheduling algorithms for centralized and decentralized versions of the model. We perform extensive computational testing to assess the effectiveness of our algorithms and to compare the centralized and decentralized models to quantify the value of centralized control in a make‐to‐order supply chain. Since complete information exchange and centralized control is not always practical or cost‐effective, we explore the value of partial information exchange for this system. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008 相似文献
602.
When facing uncertain demand, several firms may consider pooling their inventories leading to the emergence of two key contractual issues. How much should each produce or purchase for inventory purposes? How should inventory be allocated when shortages occur to some of the firms? Previously, if the allocations issue was considered, it was undertaken through evaluation of the consequences of an arbitrary priority scheme. We consider both these issues within a Nash bargaining solution (NBS) cooperative framework. The firms may not be risk neutral, hence a nontransferable utility bargaining game is defined. Thus the physical pooling mechanism itself must benefit the firms, even without any monetary transfers. The firms may be asymmetric in the sense of having different unit production costs and unit revenues. Our assumption with respect to shortage allocation is that a firm not suffering from a shortfall, will not be affected by any of the other firms' shortages. For two risk neutral firms, the NBS is shown to award priority on all inventory produced to the firm with higher ratio of unit revenue to unit production cost. Nevertheless, the arrangement is also beneficial for the other firm contributing to the total production. We provide examples of Uniform and Bernoulli demand distributions, for which the problem can be solved analytically. For firms with constant absolute risk aversion, the agreement may not award priority to any firm. Analytically solvable examples allow additional insights, e.g. that higher risk aversion can, for some problem parameters, cause an increase in the sum of quantities produced, which is not the case in a single newsvendor setting. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008 相似文献
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604.
利用线弹簧模型求解对接厚板表面裂纹的残余应力强度因子。基于Reissner板理论和连续分布位错思想,将对接厚板表面裂纹问题归结为一组Cauchy型奇异积分方程,并采用Gauss-Chebyshev方法给出了奇异积分方程的数值结果,并与有限元解进行比较,计算结果表明:用线弹簧模型解决含残余应力表面裂纹问题不仅是合理可行的,而且是一种简单方便的方法,便于工程实际应用。 相似文献
605.
Traditional inventory systems treat all demands of a given item equally. This approach is optimal if the penalty costs of all customers are the same, but it is not optimal if the penalty costs are different for different customer classes. Then, demands of customers with high penalty costs must be filled before demands of customers with low penalty costs. A commonly used inventory policy for dealing with demands with different penalty costs is the critical level inventory policy. Under this policy demands with low penalty costs are filled as long as inventory is above a certain critical level. If the inventory reaches the critical level, only demands with high penalty costs are filled and demands with low penalty costs are backordered. In this article, we consider a critical level policy for a periodic review inventory system with two demand classes. Because traditional approaches cannot be used to find the optimal parameters of the policy, we use a multidimensional Markov chain to model the inventory system. We use a sample path approach to prove several properties of this inventory system. Although the cost function is not convex, we can build on these properties to develop an optimization approach that finds the optimal solution. We also present some numerical results. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008 相似文献
606.
从大型地下车库的火灾危险性及自身特点出发,分析了常见的火灾隐患及影响火灾蔓延的重要因素,提出了大型地下车库的消防设计要求,并从建立组织制度、加强消防宣传、完善消防设施、开展防火检查、加强灭火演习等几个方面提出了消防安全管理对策,以减少或避免火灾的发生. 相似文献
607.
高茂春 《中国人民武装警察部队学院学报》2008,24(5):73-75
在《治安管理学》教学中加强实践教学,是由其学科特点与授课对象特点决定的,也是为了提高学员第一任职能力与实现教学相长的需要。应通过课堂实践教学、校内实践模拟教学与校外实践基地相结合的方式,加强实践教学在《治安管理学》教学中的具体应用,对于实现《治安管理学》教学目标与我院人才培养目标具有重要意义。 相似文献
608.
周伟 《中国人民武装警察部队学院学报》2008,24(9):13-17
近年来,随着我国堵截、打击毒品犯罪力度的持续加大,境内外贩毒集团组织实施大宗毒品贩运的能力明显减弱,毒品犯罪快速蔓延的势头得到初步遏制。但是,贩毒集团为逃避打击、降低风险,不断变换犯罪手法,钻法律漏洞,特别是组织、利用特殊人群进行贩毒活动的现象日益增多,并呈现出家族化、规模化的趋势,而公安机关在打击特殊群体贩毒活动中,由于立法和执法等多方面的原因,还面临法律、查缉、羁押、案件处理等一系列的问题。执法实践要求运用法律、经济、行政、教育、文化等措施,综合治理特殊群体贩毒问题,努力从源头上遏制特殊人群贩毒问题的滋生、蔓延。 相似文献
609.
计算机的应用和普及对办公自动化起到了极大的推动作用。针对“文档一体化”的提出,档案管理工作的改革需要新的计算机档案文件管理系统。以Visual FoxPro为开发工具,分别从需求分析、系统实现、主要功能设计和系统应用与改进四个角度,对计算机档案文件管理系统进行阐述和研究。 相似文献
610.
对高校管理信息化建设的调查与分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
蔡文伯 《兵团教育学院学报》2008,18(3):1-5
高校管理信息化是一个包含着技术、组织、理念等多种因素的综合体系,对高校和社会发展均具有重大意义。目前,各高校对于管理信息化建设在目标定位、建设措施、组织实施等方面都存在不足。本文对石河子大学高校管理信息化建设现状进行了调查分析,针对学校存在的问题提出了抓目标定位、整体规划、技术支持等重要环节,以推动高校管理信息化建设的纵深发展。 相似文献