旋转自稳定末敏子弹运动特性分析

为研究某型旋转自稳定末敏子弹运动特性,充分考虑末敏子弹的结构强非对称特点和其初始抛撒条件,引入动不平衡弹体模型,推导超大攻角条件下子弹的空间6自由度弹道方程,计算分析子弹的稳态扫描运动特性。结果表明:子弹体的质量分布非对称和初始抛撒角速度是子弹药实现稳态扫描运动的必要条件;子弹扫描频率只由抛撒角速度ω_(σ0)决定,且和ω_(σ0)正相关;初始俯仰角φ_(a0)≥0°时,扫描角整体呈增大趋势,初始俯仰角φ_(a0)0°时,扫描角整体变化趋势为先减小后增大;扫描面积与配重-全弹质量比、初始俯仰角、初始偏航角和初始角速度呈正相关,与均质圆柱体转动惯量比呈负相关。     

基于Multi—Agent仿真模型的非对称作战有效性分析

针对多要素在非对称作战中运用的复杂影响,建立了基于Multi-Agent的仿真模型,对非对称作战的有效性进行了数学解释;给出了Multi-Agent的系统结构,在EINsTein仿真平台中设置了指挥决策Agent、态势感知Agent、通信协作Agent和作战行动Agent,以此模拟作战要素在非对称作战中运用的主要功能,进而演示非对称作战的过程,获得非对称作战的仿真实验数据;仿真模型描述了多要素影响下作战体系的突变现象;通过作战目的的实现和高倍增的作战效果,实证了仿真模型的有效性和可行性。     

人机环境工程的空管安全性模糊综合评判

针对人机环复杂因素的空管安全性评价难题,基于非对称贴近度,提出一种的多级模糊综合评判方法。首先构建了基于人机环境工程的空管安全影响因素集,包括人的因素、人机关系和环境条件这三大类因素集,然后依据因素评判的等级和标准,建立了基于非对称贴近度的空管安全性的多级模糊综合评判模型,最后以专家系统评价数据为基础,对某实际空管部门的安全性进行了模糊综合评判。研究方法和研究结论为科学评价空管系统的安全性提供了借鉴。     

The ‘first’ surge: the repulse of the Easter Invasion in South Vietnam, 1972 – implications for Iraq and Afghanistan

In a military intervention, do surges work? I compare the failed ‘surge’ in Vietnam, the repulse of the Easter Invasion in 1972, as a means of assessing the more ambiguous surges in Iraq and Afghanistan. I identify four features of a surge for this analysis: the military dimensions and strategy of the surging forces, the military capabilities of the host forces, the political vitality and will of the host country, and the political commitment in the domestic politics of the intervener. I find that the last feature is the most critical; and, in all three surges, the American political commitment was lacking.     

Trade credit contract in the presence of retailer investment opportunity

This paper presents a model for designing a trade credit contract between a supplier and a retailer that would coordinate a supply chain in the presence of investment opportunity for the retailer. Specifically, we study a newsvendor model where the supplier offers a trade credit contract to the retailer who, by delaying the payment, can invest the accounts payable amount and earn returns. We find that when the channel partners have symmetric information about the retailer's investment return, a conditionally concessional trade credit (CTC) contract, which includes a wholesale price, an interest‐free period, and a minimum order requirement, can achieve channel coordination. We then extend the model to the information asymmetry setting in which the retailer's investment return is unobservable by the supplier. We show that, although the CTC contract cannot achieve the coordination in this setting, it can effectively improve channel efficiency as well as profitability for individual partners.     

基于兰彻斯特型方程的网络攻防行动分析

互联网的高速发展在带来社会发展与文明进步的同时,也让世界对网络更加依赖,随之而来的网络空间军备竞赛、网络犯罪和网络恐怖主义,使网络空间的攻防行动变得愈加频繁,网络空间安全形势愈发严峻。本文利用兰彻斯特型方程建立网络攻防模型来分析网络攻防行动,证明网络攻防行动是非对称的作战手段和新时代的游击战争,并得出对我国网络空间国防力量建设的启示。      

基于Multi-Agent仿真模型的非对称作战有效性分析*

针对多要素在非对称作战中运用的复杂影响,建立了基于Multi-Agent的仿真模型,对非时称作战的有效性进行了数学解释;给出了Multi-Agent的系统结构,在EINSTein仿真平台中设置了指挥决策Agent、态势感知Agent、通信协作Agent和作战行动Agent,以此模拟作战要素在非时称作战中运用的主要功能,进而演示非对称作战的过程,获得非对称作战的仿真实验数据;仿真模型描述了多要素影响下作战体系的突变现象;通过作战目的的实现和高倍增的作战效果,实证了仿真模型的有效性和可行性.     

Flexible capacity strategy in an asymmetric oligopoly market with competition and demand uncertainty

This article studies flexible capacity strategy (FCS) under oligopoly competition with uncertain demand. Each firm utilizes either the FCS or inflexible capacity strategy (IFCS). Flexible firms can postpone their productions until observing the actual demand, whereas inflexible firms cannot. We formulate a new asymmetrical oligopoly model for the problem, and obtain capacity and production decisions of the firms at Nash equilibrium. It is interesting to verify that cross‐group competition determines the capacity allocation between the two groups of firms, while intergroup competition determines the market share within each group. Moreover, we show that the two strategies coexist among firms only when cost differentiation is medium. Counterintuitively, flexible firms benefit from increasing production cost when the inflexible competition intensity is sufficiently high. This is because of retreat of inflexible firms, flexibility effect, and the corresponding high price. We identify conditions under which FCS is superior than IFCS. We also demonstrate that flexible firms benefit from increasing demand uncertainty. However, when demand variance is not very large, flexible firms may be disadvantaged. We further investigate the effects of cross‐group and intergroup competition on individual performance of the firms. We show that as flexible competition intensity increases, inflexible firms are mainly affected by the cross‐group competition first and then by the intergroup competition, whereas flexible firms are mainly affected by the intergroup competition. Finally, we examine endogenous flexibility and identify its three drivers: cost parameters, cross‐group competition, and intergroup competition. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 64: 117–138, 2017     

信息时代陆军谋求非对称优势作战的制胜机理探析

非对称作战优势是信息时代陆军作战谋求制胜的关键所在,对创新陆军作战理论和提高军种制胜能力有着至关重要的作用。其制胜的机理主要包括基于体系支撑,谋求非对称势差优势;基于信息主导,谋求非对称控制优势;基于联动释能,谋求非对称毁歼优势。     

At war with social theory: Instrumental and communicative action in US military doctrine during the War on Terror

As US counterinsurgency campaigns draw to a close, doctrine for asymmetric warfare written during the War on Terror has come under heavy criticism. While many have argued that this shift to ‘winning hearts and minds’ is evidence that the United States is taking humanitarianism and nation-building seriously, others argue that a wide gap exists between US counterinsurgency doctrine and the protection of civilians afflicted by conflict. In this article, I show that the latter is true by comparing theories of instrumental and communicative action to US doctrine for operational design, stability operations, and counterinsurgency. I argue that these texts treat the people as an object to be manipulated for the achievement of pre-determined self-interested strategic goals rather than members of a community that jointly designs operations to fulfill shared objectives. However, US doctrine does contain communicative elements that, if prioritized, would better support humanitarian and state-building objectives otherwise subordinated in the War on Terror.