一种新型结构吸波材料的制备

介绍了阻抗匹配设计原理。自制了三种导电纤维,分别织成正交平纹布,通过优化设计,采用简单层式结构,以酚醛为基体,制备出接近实用水平的多层结构吸波材料。该材料厚3.2mm,密度1.38g/cm3,面密度4.42kg/m2;在8.4GHz～18GHz反射率小于-10dB;弯曲强度173MPa,弯曲模量12.5GPa。     

Improving the damage potential of W-Zr reactive structure material under extreme loading condition

Projectiles made of reactive structure materials(RSM)can damage the target with not only kinetic but also chemical energy,but the enhanced damage potential of RSM may become compromised if extreme loading condition disintegrates the projectile before the target is reached.In this work,a ductile coating of Ni was introduced to a tungsten-zirconium(W-Zr)alloy,a typical brittle RSM,to preserve the damage potential of the projectile.Detonation driving tests were carried out with X-ray photography and gun-powder deflagration driving tests were carried out with high-speed photography for the coated and uncoated RSM samples,respectively.The craters on the witness target were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction.The Ni coating was found to effectively preserve the damage potential of the W-Zr alloy under extreme loading conditions,whereas the uncoated sample fractured and ignited before impacting the target in both detonation and deflagration driving.The crack propa-gation between the reactively brittle core and the ductile coating was analyzed based on the crack arrest theory to mechanistically demonstrate how the coating improves the structural integrity and preserves the damage potential of the projectile.Specifically,the Ni coating envelops the W-Zr core until the coated sphere penetrates the target,and the coating is then eroded and worn to release the reactive core for the projectile to damage the target more intensively.     

Quasi-steady aerodynamic characteristics of Terminal Sensitive Bullets with short cylindrical portion

The aerodynamic characteristics are vital for short cylindrical Terminal Sensitive Bullets(TSB)with low aspect ratio,especially in terminal trajectory.Currently,there is little research in terms of the TSB and short cylinder with two free ends,and particularly in this trajectory,where the scanning angle β and roll angle α vary over a broad range between 0° and 180°.In this work,wind tunnel experiments are first conducted to learn the effects of Reynolds number and scanning angle on aerodynamic parameters for short cylinder with aspect ratio L/D = 1.Similar to infinite cylinder,for the short cylinder with two free ends,the drag crisis phenomenon still exists in the critical regime 1.7 × 105 ≤ Re ≤ 6.8 × 105.Then 3D simulations are performed to demonstrate the aerodynamic characteristics of short cylinder and TSB over a broad range of Re,L/D,α and β.The sensitivity analysis of time step and grid are presented as well.When β=0°,for short cylinder,the drag crisis phenomenon was also observed in the simulation,but not as obvious as in the wind tunnel test.In some attitudes,there is an obvious Kármán vortex in the wake of short cylinder and TSB.The correlation between time-averaged aerodynamic coefficients and L/D,Re,α&β is discussed.The vortex shedding frequency and shear layer behavior are obtained for quasi-steady and unsteady flow.Finally,the effect of end's shape on drag reduction and vortex shedding frequency is analyzed.     

具有可控细节层次的阴影空间新算法

首先阐述了阴影空间算法 ,然后对基于层次结构化包围盒和光线投射技术的阴影空间新算法进行了详细地研究。采用本算法可使生成的阴影效果具有可控细节层次。     

区域结构及多尺度纹理分析

结合纹理的结构分析方法 ,提出一种区域状结构 ,并把这种结构作为尺度空间中的特征。在基于区域状特征结构的尺度空间中 ,结构状纹理分析可转化为尺度空间中对特征结构的分析 ,从而实现了对纹理的多尺度分析。理论分析和实验结果证明了这种分析方法的有效性     

钝体高超声速气动加热与结构热传递耦合的数值计算

气动加热与结构热传递耦合问题在航天和工程应用领域非常重要。分别采用松耦合与紧耦合方法,数值模拟了高超声速二维圆管绕流的流场与结构传热耦合的非定常过程。在紧耦合方法中,流场部分采用基于Navier Stokes方程的有限体积法,将AUSM+格式与时间方向的显式多步Runge Kutta法结合;结构传热部分采用基于二维热传导方程的Galerkin有限元法。流场与结构区通过交界面的热流和温度边界条件实现耦合。计算结果分别与实验、文献做了对比,结构内部温度变化关系以及壁面的热流分布均较好地吻合。两种耦合方式的计算结果对比表明,对于流场特征时间远小于结构传热特征时间的问题,松耦合方法计算效率高,精度与紧耦合方法接近。     

我国科研诚信研究发展概述:科学计量学视角

2015年以来,国际出版集团连续、批量撤销中国学术论文,在国内外学术界造成恶劣影响,严重损害了科技工作者的国际声誉和科技成果的可信性,我国科研诚信建设问题也受到越来越多的关注。为了解科研诚信领域的研究现状,文章以CNKI数据库为基础,以科研诚信领域相关词语为检索词,检索到从相关研究起步至今的期刊论文共2402篇。结合科学计量学方法及可视化软件,从时序、机构、期刊、作者、研究内容等角度对我国科研诚信相关研究的发展进行分析,揭示研究现状的同时,分析相关研究的不足,以期作为相关研究的支撑,来进一步推动科研诚信相关研究的发展。     

基于神经网络和模糊综合评判的梁故障诊断研究

设计了一个简单的人工智能故障诊断系统模型,它包括知识库、模糊推理、神经网络和控制模块等。模糊推理模块利用模糊综合评判方法进行故障的预诊,神经网络模块采用竞争学习方法完成故障的确诊。文中对悬臂梁的单一故障和复合故障等七种模式进行了诊断分析,均获得了正确的诊断结果。     

我国科研诚信与作风建设之传统道德文化审视

鉴于科研诚信问题产生的主要原因是"功利观"冲击下的传统"义利观"偏离和体制机制不完善,通过阐述科研诚信与作风问题之溯源,分析了科研诚信与作风之"人格诚信"建设,研究了科研诚信与作风之"制度诚信"建设,力图从我国优秀传统道德文化中探寻科研诚信与作风建设的对治之策。研究认为,要在汲取中国传统道德文化精华,促进科研人员完善"人格诚信"的同时,以褒扬诚信、激励守信、惩戒失信为重点,进一步完善相关制度体系和运行机制,强化"制度诚信"建设,实现我国科研诚信与作风建设的"人格诚信"和"制度诚信"双轮驱动。     

基于预授权的机密性和完整性动态统一模型

目前的访问控制模型无法对机密性、完整性和可用性做到合理的统一控制,尤其是对动态的、随机的访问请求控制不完善,使得攻击者总能找到脆弱点,也使得信息系统在实际应用中无法避免用户误操作引起的安全问题。提出了一种基于预授权的机密性和完整性访问控制模型,将BLP模型和Biba模型结合起来,通过引入预授权机制,对一些随机动态的访问活动进行合理控制。运用条件控制项,对主体执行任务的权限进行实时监控,动态地授予和取消主体执行任务的权限,实现系统机密性和完整性的统一,同时保证其具有较高的可用性,有利于信息的双向流动。给出了模型的应用实例,并对其安全性进行了证明。