Conflict management in the Central African Republic: making genocide prevention work

This commentary analyses the international response to the crisis that struck the Central African Republic (CAR) in early December 2013. It examines three intertwined dimensions defining the courses of action available to policymakers dealing with pre-genocidal crises: the politics and institutional manoeuvring shaping the United Nations (UN) Security Council's decision to authorise an enforcement mission without deploying ‘blue helmets’ on the ground; the operational complexities involved in launching rapid reaction forces; and the interdependent logics between peacebuilding and atrocity prevention. The author argues that there are three ways for the UN Secretariat to ensure a more effective response to CAR-type situations: generating political will to respond swiftly to deteriorating crises leading to widespread abuses of human rights by advancing the concept of Responsibility to Protect as a core component of states' national interests; developing strategic frameworks for the deployment of multi-plural missions equipped to avert the actual or potential threat of atrocities; and developing joint early warning and scenario planning between peacebuilding and atrocity prevention agencies.     

多项式输出中相关变量的结构贡献和相关贡献分析

以二次不含交叉项的多项式为例,解析推导了正态相关输入变量对输出响应量方差贡献的结构贡献部分和相关贡献部分。通过算例验证了解析结果的正确性。将所研究的指标和已有的进行对比,归纳出结构贡献部分和相关贡献部分的侧重与统一。解析解可直接用于极限状态函数不超过两次且不含交叉项的结构和相关贡献的识别,为其他新的数值算法提供了参考对照。     

粘弹性增量界面元法

采用界面元模型,推导了粘弹性增量界面元列式。算例表明,粘弹性增量界面元法能有效地用于粘弹性不连续介质问题的分析。     

区间分解组合迭代算法用于非确定结构系统的静力区间分析

对于结构参数向量界限绝对离差较大的非确定结构系统,迭代计算收敛条件难以满足,修正迭代算法不能直接用于其区间有限元静力控制方程的求解。采用区问分解组合求解策略,考虑区间矩阵、向量元素间的相关性,直接对结构参数区间进行区间分解,将非确定结构系统区间有限元控制方程的求解转化为若干个子区间有限元静力控制方程的修正迭代求解,提出了一种求解过程可逆的区间分解组合迭代算法,用于结构参数向量界限绝对离差较大的非确定结构系统的静力区间分析。算例结果表明,该方法是有效的。     

基于解释结构模型法的通用装备保障转型要素结构分析

通过运用解释结构模型法对我军通用装备保障转型的相关要素进行结构分析,旨在辅助研究人员深刻理解和合理判断各种因素之间的相互影响关系,通过结构化分析过程得到能正确反应保障需求的层次,从而为通用装备保障转型进一步分析打下良好理论基础．     

一种新型结构吸波材料的制备

介绍了阻抗匹配设计原理。自制了三种导电纤维,分别织成正交平纹布,通过优化设计,采用简单层式结构,以酚醛为基体,制备出接近实用水平的多层结构吸波材料。该材料厚3.2mm,密度1.38g/cm3,面密度4.42kg/m2;在8.4GHz～18GHz反射率小于-10dB;弯曲强度173MPa,弯曲模量12.5GPa。     

论军事技术和装备保障的关系

探讨了军事技术与装备保障相互影响的一般原理,对陆军装备技术进行了简单分类,并对各类技术对装备保障的影响进行了重点探讨,以期能对陆军装备保障的发展有所启示。     

基于灰色系统理论的潜艇作战效能评估

为研究潜艇装备的作战使用效能,提出其效能评价指标体系。用改进的权重分析法确定潜艇作战效能评价指标权重,用改进的灰色评估理论建立潜艇作战效能评估模型。以某常规潜艇为例,用建立的模型进行量化评估,能充分利用决策者的判断信息,较为准确地反映实际情况。该模型可为部队训练和作战提供潜艇装备的战斗效能数据,找出影响潜艇作战能力的敏感因素,为发展新型装备提供依据。     

Quasi-steady aerodynamic characteristics of Terminal Sensitive Bullets with short cylindrical portion

The aerodynamic characteristics are vital for short cylindrical Terminal Sensitive Bullets(TSB)with low aspect ratio,especially in terminal trajectory.Currently,there is little research in terms of the TSB and short cylinder with two free ends,and particularly in this trajectory,where the scanning angle β and roll angle α vary over a broad range between 0° and 180°.In this work,wind tunnel experiments are first conducted to learn the effects of Reynolds number and scanning angle on aerodynamic parameters for short cylinder with aspect ratio L/D = 1.Similar to infinite cylinder,for the short cylinder with two free ends,the drag crisis phenomenon still exists in the critical regime 1.7 × 105 ≤ Re ≤ 6.8 × 105.Then 3D simulations are performed to demonstrate the aerodynamic characteristics of short cylinder and TSB over a broad range of Re,L/D,α and β.The sensitivity analysis of time step and grid are presented as well.When β=0°,for short cylinder,the drag crisis phenomenon was also observed in the simulation,but not as obvious as in the wind tunnel test.In some attitudes,there is an obvious Kármán vortex in the wake of short cylinder and TSB.The correlation between time-averaged aerodynamic coefficients and L/D,Re,α&β is discussed.The vortex shedding frequency and shear layer behavior are obtained for quasi-steady and unsteady flow.Finally,the effect of end's shape on drag reduction and vortex shedding frequency is analyzed.     

具有可控细节层次的阴影空间新算法

首先阐述了阴影空间算法 ,然后对基于层次结构化包围盒和光线投射技术的阴影空间新算法进行了详细地研究。采用本算法可使生成的阴影效果具有可控细节层次。