水下接触爆炸下液舱前置型防雷舱的动响应分析

为探讨防雷舱结构设计,采用有限元方法对同一防雷舱结构的典型模式和液舱前置模式进行数值仿真计算,通过对典型模式与实验结果的对比,验证了数值计算方法的有效性。着重分析了液舱前置对防雷舱结构动响应过程、失效模式及防护效能的影响,并分析了其形成机制。从结构破坏过程、载荷特性、吸能特性三个方面对比了两种模式的差异,探讨了两种模式防雷舱结构的防护机理,为舰船水下舷侧防护结构的工程设计提供了参考。     

略论高等教育宏观结构与经济结构的内在关系

高等教育结构与经济结构均为复杂的多维综合结构,二者之间存在着相互依存、相互影响、相互制约的辨证关系,其内部高等教育的科类结构与产业结构、高等教育的层次结构与劳动技术结构、高等教育的地区结构与经济地区布局结构存在着一定逻辑对应关系。     

战区后勤保障指挥体系有序性判别模型

阐述了构建战区后勤保障指挥体系判别模型的步骤,为战区后勤指挥员提供了一种从信息流的角度分析整体与各部分运行相关性的决策方法。运用耗散结构理论和灰色系统理论,以战区后勤保障指挥体系各个子系统功能发挥作为序参量,通过灰关联度与熵,建立战区后勤保障指挥体系有序性判别模型。对体系各子系统的有序性进行判别,有助于提高体系效能,对战区后勤保障指挥体系平稳运行具有重要的现实意义。     

Economic and environmental impacts of vertical and horizontal competition and integration

We explore the economic and environmental impacts of market structures (competition or integration at vertical and horizontal levels). We consider a bilateral duopoly consisting of two manufacturers and two retailers in which each manufacturer offers a wholesale price contract to the respective retailer. The manufacturers decide on wholesale prices and abatement efforts concerning pollution emissions related to manufacturing processes, whereas the retailers compete in quantities in the consumer market. To understand the comprehensive effects of market structures on economic competitiveness and environmental sustainability, we examine a measure of eco‐friendly social welfare, which is the ratio of social welfare and environmental pollution. Interestingly, we find that the market structures that have been believed to be more efficient are less efficient from a broader perspective: (1) double marginalization can generate higher eco‐friendly social welfare, and (2) horizontal competition between firms can result in lower eco‐friendly social welfare. Although vertical integration and horizontal competition yield greater social welfare by facilitating more production activities, these market structures often fail to induce sufficient abatement efforts to balance the polluting effect of the large volume, resulting in more significant environmental degradation. We also show that, despite the pollution‐curbing effect, higher emission penalties can result in less eco‐friendly social welfare. They can even curtail the abatement efforts of firms under particular circumstances. When products become more substitutable, the eco‐friendly social welfare can decrease depending upon the market structure.     

军用航空机务维修人员安全知识结构评价研究

随着军用航空装备复杂性、安全性的提升,对广大机务维修人员安全知识结构提出了更高的要求。以某机务部队现状为依据,研究航空机务维修人员安全知识结构评价问题。利用工作分析法对航空机务维修人员的工作进行了深入分析,建立了航空机务维修人员安全知识结构指标体系,通过构建基于熵权的改进BP神经网络模型对建立的知识体系结构进行评价。以某单位实际调研数据为基础,利用MATLAB仿真实现了模型的训练和测试,对机务维修人员的安全知识结构进行量化分析,为机务人员的安全知识能力培养提供决策依据和参考。     

Some elementary ideas concerning the complexity of system structure

A system of iid Bernoulli components is the starting point in the statistical theory of reliability. This simplification allows for the development of a rich, though elementary, theory for the structure of the system. Two representations play a prominent role in the study of structural reliability. One is the minimal path set representation and the other is the signature representation. By combining the two representations with the Gibbs measure for the state of components, one obtains terms that can be interpreted as the complexity of the system structure. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2010     

Rolling‐horizon replenishment: Policies and performance analysis

We consider a rolling‐horizon (RH) replenishment modeling framework under which a buyer can update demand information and inventory status, modify order quantities committed previously, place an advanced order for a new period at the end of the RH, and move along in time seamlessly. We show that the optimal order policy for the two‐period RH problem is a dual‐threshold type for updating period(s) plus a base‐stock type for the advanced order. We provide analytical formulas and algorithms to compute the optimal thresholds and the optimal base‐stock level exactly. With our analytical results and numerical procedures, we demonstrate the significant value of RH replenishment in matching supplies to demands more closely. We also show that with RH updating (flexibility), the value of additional demand information beyond the RH diminishes quickly. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2010     

新疆高等教育专业结构与产业结构适应性分析

经济的集约型发展使得教育尤其是高等教育越来越成为推动经济增长的最重要因素之一。为丰富高等教育发展模式、强化其个性和特色、增强与地方经济的联系,高等教育的发展不断提升区域化,即区域高等教育的发展以区域经济社会发展的需要为目标和指导,充分发挥高等教育对地方经济社会建设的推动作用。本文分析了新疆区域高等教育专业结构及经济结构的发展现状,找出二者对接过程中存在的矛盾,提出适应新疆区域经济发展的高校专业结构调整对策。     

加筋板架抗动能穿甲的等效防护厚度研究

为研究舰船舷侧结构抗穿甲性能,采用有限元分析了两种典型工况下板架的穿甲破坏模式、弹体的剩余速度和板架的变形吸能规律,提出了基于剪切冲塞模式的剩余速度理论计算模型,比较了不同等效计算方法得到的结果,并将理论计算结果分别与相关文献的实验结果和本文的有限元计算结果进行了比较,两者之间均吻合较好。结果表明,加强筋对板架的抗穿甲性能影响较大,而板架的实际等效厚度是决定其抗穿甲性能的主要因素;不同的等效计算方法与模型相对尺寸、弹体冲击速度以及命中位置有关,对于弹体直径相对较大且初始冲击速度较高时,不同的等效计算方法得到的结果基本一致。     

无电焊接中厚度钢板焊接接头的组织结构与性能研究

采用无电焊接方法对12mm厚度钢板进行了焊接。分析了满足中厚度钢板焊接能量要求的技术途径;利用SEM,EDS,XRD等手段观察、分析了焊缝的组织成分与显微结构;测试了焊接接头的拉伸强度、弯曲强度、显微硬度等力学性能。结果表明:在选择高放热体系基础上,通过增大焊接笔直径、减小反应物料粒径、提高压坯密度等方法,可以有效增大焊接热效率,从而满足中厚度钢板焊接能量需求;焊缝组织分为热影响区、熔合区与合金区,焊缝合金与母材间通过熔合区形成了冶金结合;焊接接头因固溶强化和析晶强化的作用,具有良好的力学性能,拉伸强度、平均显微硬度与弯曲强度分别为357MPa、186HV0.2与644MPa,达到了野战应急抢修技术要求。