Tuning the reactivity of Al–Ni by fine coating of halogen-containing energetic composites

In this paper, various core-shell structured Al–Ni@ECs composites have been prepared by a spray-drying technique. The involved ECs refer to the energetic composites (ECs) of ammonium perchlorate/nitrocellulose (AP/NC, NA) and polyvinylidene fluoride/hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (PVDF/CL-20, PC). Two Al–Ni mixtures were prepared at atomic ratios of 1:1 and 1:3 and named as Al/Ni and Al/3Ni, respectively. The thermal reactivity and combustion behaviors of Al–Ni@ECs composites have been comprehensively investigated. Results showed that the reactivity and combustion performance of Al–Ni could be enhanced by introducing both NA and PC energetic composites. Among which the Al/Ni@NA composite exhibited higher reactivity and improved combustion performance. The measured flame propagation rate (v = 20.6 mm/s), average combustion wave temperature (T_max = 1567.0 °C) and maximum temperature rise rate (γ_t = 1633.6 °C/s) of Al/Ni@NA are higher than that of the Al/Ni (v = 15.8 mm/s, T_max = 858.0 °C, and γ_t = 143.5 °C/s). The enhancement in combustion properties could be due to presence of the acidic gaseous products from ECs, which could etch the Al₂O₃ shell on the surface of Al particles, and make the inner active Al to be easier transported, so that an intimate and faster intermetallic reaction between Al and Ni would be realized. Furthermore, the morphologies and chemical compositions of the condensed combustion products (CCPs) of Al–Ni@ECs composites were found to be different depending on the types of ECs. The compositions of CCPs are dominated with the Al–Ni intermetallics, combining with a trace amount of Al₅O₆N and Al₂O₃.     

Performances and direct writing of CL-20 based ultraviolet curing explosive ink

A new type of explosive ink formulation that can be quickly cured was prepared with unsaturated polyester as binder,styrene as active monomer,2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl-diphenylphosphine oxide as photoinitiator,and hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20) as the main explosive.Then the explosive ink direct writing technology was used to charge the micro-sized energetic devices,the curing mechanism of the explosive ink was discussed,and the microstructure,safety performance and explosive transfer performance of the explosive ink molded samples were tested and analyzed.Results indicate that the composite material has a fast curing molding speed,its hardness can reach 2H within 8 min.The crystal form of CL-20 in the molded sample is still ε type.The CL-20 based W-curing explosive ink formulation has good compatibility,its apparent activation energy is increased by about 3.5 kJ/mol.The composite presents a significant reduction in impact sensitivity and its characteristic drop height can reach 39.8 cm,which is about 3 times higher than the raw material.When the line width of charge is 1.0 mm,the critical thickness of the explosion can reach 0.015 mm,and the explosion velocity is 7129 m/s when the charge density is 1.612 g/cm3.     

QF炮膛擦拭剂的研制

介绍了QF炮膛擦拭剂的研制原理、配方、制备工艺、性能及应用情况。实验室理化性能测定和实际使用结果表明,该剂具有清洁能力强、防锈性好、使用方便等特点,对火炮射击结束后残留在炮膛内的火药残渣和尼龙残渣具有良好的去除作用,是一种应用前景广泛的武器装备维护保养新材料。     

高亚声速时叶尖小翼对压气机叶栅泄漏流动的影响

为了探索跨声速来流条件时,不同安装位置、不同宽度的叶尖小翼对压气机叶栅气动特性的影响,对Ma=0.8时包括原型叶栅在内的7种扩压叶栅的流场进行了数值研究.结果表明:在多种因素的共同影响下,不同来流冲角的吸力面叶尖小翼在流场中都为负效果,增加了流场复杂性;压力面叶尖小翼则改善了泄漏流动,减小了流动损失.两种安装位置的叶尖...     

应用改进的线性预测算法构建虚拟阵的精确定向方法

为了克服传统线性预测(Linear Prediction,LP)算法在构建虚拟阵过程中存在预测误差容易累积的弊端,提出了一种能够更充分利用实阵信息量的改进LP算法来构建虚拟阵。采用实际基阵方法、传统LP虚拟阵方法和改进LP虚拟阵方法分别对假定基阵的波束性能进行计算机仿真及对湖试数据进行处理成像,研究结果表明,与传统LP方法相比,改进的LP方法能够有效地抑制波束旁瓣,进一步提高了基阵的角度分辨力和阵增益,将其运用于特定试验背景下的实际湖底目标声探测,方向分辨精度可提高75%。     

装甲装备作战效能评估的模糊Petri网模型研究

利用模糊Petri网清晰、简单的知识表示能力和模糊推理能力,将其应用于装甲装备作战效能评估中。基于"能力需求分析"方法建立了装甲装备的分层效能评估指标体系,并对其优化和赋权方法做了简要介绍;介绍了模糊Petri网的定义和基于BP算法的学习能力;在此基础上以装甲装备战场感知能力二级指标为例介绍了基于模糊Petri网模型的评估方法,并对评估结果进行了分析。     

末端防御武器平台炮控性能检测方法

末端防御武器平台炮控系统性能的好坏直接影响首发命中率和射击反应时间等重要战技指标,在设计试验阶段,对其炮控性能进行检测是必不可少的环节。采用基于三棱锥模型的炮控性能检测方法,建立了三棱锥计算模型并进行Matlab仿真分析以及检测精度分析,从而验证了其工作原理及可行性,满足武器平台炮控性能检测的要求。     

新型火冰灭火剂喷洒布水性研究

通过实验数据阐述新型火冰灭火剂在自动喷水灭火系统中的喷洒布水性能。对比水、A型火冰灭火剂、AB型火冰灭火剂的喷洒质量分布情况,得出:AB型火冰灭火剂与水相近,可直接用于自动喷水灭火系统或水-泡沫灭火两用系统中;A型火冰灭火剂则不可直接使用。     

定期维护与事后修理组合的维修策略

为了客观合理地制定产品的定期维护与事后修理组合的维修策略,分析了该组合策略下产品的性能变化特点,并从失效机理出发,利用复合Poisson过程描述了产品性能退化规律,建立了以产品长期运行下费用率最低为目标的优化模型,并通过求解得到了最优的维护周期.最后,实例分析表明:该方法能够较好地描述产品的性能退化规律;同时,优化得到的维修策略值可以有效地降低维修费用,并延长产品使用寿命.     

Political Military Competition and Size and Composition of Government

This paper uses a formal model to analyze the effects of political military competition among states on the size and composition of state. Great economies of scale in warfare, even distribution of military capability among contestants and greater value of contested resources generate higher level of military capacity and growth of government. If there is decreasing return to scale in state revenue generating function and provision of public intermediate inputs, then there will be an increasing size of civilian public sector relative to that of military. The paper finally studies how waves of military revolutions affected international political military competition and the size and composition of government in history.