科技创新引领下的武警部队现代化装备建设发展思路与策略

推进武警部队现代化装备建设跨越发展,需要认清现状、更新观念、明确目标,确立没有科技创新就没有真正意义上的现代化装备建设的观念。武警装备科技创新,应在注重装备理论研究、加强非致命武器研发、拓展特种器材研制上实现新的突破和跨越;要在创新科技人才建设机制、完善装备科研管理机制、建立装备研发保障机制上增强科技创新能力,发挥科技创新引领的作用。     

试论应急管理体系的财政支撑

从2003年的“非典”开始,我国逐步建立起了一套应急管理体系,在南方冰雪灾害、汶川地震以及今年的玉树地震和南方水灾等抗震救灾工作中发挥作用并不断完善。财政支撑在应急管理体系中有着至关重要的作用。对目前我国应急财政管理现状进行分析,结合对外国应急管理体系先进做法的借鉴,提出了对建立健全应急财政支撑体系的政策建议。     

Dynamic coordination of production planning and sales admission control in the presence of a spot market

We consider the decision‐making problem of dynamically scheduling the production of a single make‐to stock (MTS) product in connection with the product's concurrent sales in a spot market and a long‐term supply channel. The spot market is run by a business to business (B2B) online exchange, whereas the long‐term channel is established by a structured contract. The product's price in the spot market is exogenous, evolves as a continuous time Markov chain, and affects demand, which arrives sequentially as a Markov‐modulated Poisson process (MMPP). The manufacturer is obliged to fulfill demand in the long‐term channel, but is able to rein in sales in the spot market. This is a significant strategic decision for a manufacturer in entering a favorable contract. The profitability of the contract must be evaluated by optimal performance. The current problem, therefore, arises as a prerequisite to exploring contracting strategies. We reveal that the optimal strategy of coordinating production and sales is structured by the spot price dependent on the base stock and sell‐down thresholds. Moreover, we can exploit the structural properties of the optimal strategy to conceive an efficient algorithm. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2010     

Optimal control of a production‐inventory system with both backorders and lost sales

We consider the optimal control of a production inventory‐system with a single product and two customer classes where items are produced one unit at a time. Upon arrival, customer orders can be fulfilled from existing inventory, if there is any, backordered, or rejected. The two classes are differentiated by their backorder and lost sales costs. At each decision epoch, we must determine whether or not to produce an item and if so, whether to use this item to increase inventory or to reduce backlog. At each decision epoch, we must also determine whether or not to satisfy demand from a particular class (should one arise), backorder it, or reject it. In doing so, we must balance inventory holding costs against the costs of backordering and lost sales. We formulate the problem as a Markov decision process and use it to characterize the structure of the optimal policy. We show that the optimal policy can be described by three state‐dependent thresholds: a production base‐stock level and two order‐admission levels, one for each class. The production base‐stock level determines when production takes place and how to allocate items that are produced. This base‐stock level also determines when orders from the class with the lower shortage costs (Class 2) are backordered and not fulfilled from inventory. The order‐admission levels determine when orders should be rejected. We show that the threshold levels are monotonic (either nonincreasing or nondecreasing) in the backorder level of Class 2. We also characterize analytically the sensitivity of these thresholds to the various cost parameters. Using numerical results, we compare the performance of the optimal policy against several heuristics and show that those that do not allow for the possibility of both backordering and rejecting orders can perform poorly.© 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 2010     

判决特征选择的快速人脸识别算法

为了在确保识别精度的条件下提高人脸识别的速度,提出了判决特征选择算法(SVM-DFS).针对多类分类问题,判决特征选择算法根据统计学习理论使用支持向量机来实现特征选择,根据全概率定理把特征选择和多类分类集成到一个统一框架.在UMIST和FERET人脸数据库上的实验表明:SVM-DFS算法可以用来挑选对分类最有用的特征,这些挑选出来的特征具有明显的物理意义.使用判决特征选择方法不但可以加快分类器的响应速度,而且不降低分类器的泛化能力.     

基于最大保障时间的战时装备维修任务调度模型

战时维修机构承担的维修任务比较繁重,合理、科学地安排维修任务可以有效地提高作战部队的战斗力.对此,分析了战时维修任务调度的特点,建立了基于最大保障时间的维修任务静态、动态调度模型,并提出了相应的模型求解方法.利用本方法在满足作战单元最大保障时间前提下,可使得装备维修效益最大,并可以实现实时动态维修任务调度,有效地解决了一种战时维修任务调度问题.     

灰色理论和模糊数学相结合的装备保障能力评估模型

军事装备保障能力的评估研究.对于战斗力的形成和保持有着重要意义.以灰色理论和模糊数学为基础,提出了一种新的装备保障能力评估模型,它是由AHP、灰色聚类分析,模糊评判综合集成而成的,既能体现装备保障能力评估的模糊性,又能充分利用信息,避免了使用单一模糊数学方法的不合理之处,为全面系统评估军事装备保障能力提供了一种新的途径.     

改革开放以来我国经济法取得的主要成效及发展方向

中国特色经济法是改革开放的产物,有力地促进了社会主义市场经济的健康、快速发展。经济法在保证经济实现科学发展的同时,自身也突破了对调整能力的传统认识,区分了经济法与行政法,明确了经济法的正确定位,创新了经济法的发展观,提出了“经济法主体”概念,冲破了公法与私法的界限,形成了与相关学科协调发展的经济法学研究格局。今后,经济法的发展必须重视从完善社会主义市场经济基本制度,健全现代市场体系,规范政府科学干预经济生活,宏观调控的重点、热点、难点问题和基础理论研究的创新上把握研究重点,保证经济实现科学发展。     

指令时延对舰空导弹中末制导交班误差影响分析

从目标作直线飞行和机动飞行两种情况出发,建立相应的舰空导弹中末制导交班时的导引头指向误差模型和导弹速度矢量指向误差模型,指出了相应的误差修正方法,进行了仿真计算,并分析了计算结果.仿真结果验证了上述模型的正确性.     

战区弹药保障敏捷供应链优化模型及实现算法

针对现有的供需矛盾,在分析战区弹药保障供应链管理任务需求的基础上,初步构建了战区弹药保障敏捷供应链管理框架及运行机制,分析了战区弹药保障敏捷供应链的供需协同机制,重点对多级库存优化控制模型、多级弹药配送决策优化模型及实现算法进行了研究,提出了战区弹药保障敏捷供应链建设的具体对策。