Theories of Non-Balancing and Russia’s Foreign Policy

The beginning of the twenty-first century has witnessed the emergence of balancing responses to the US hegemony, among which Russia’s foreign policies stand out as corresponding to what is understood as ‘hard balancing.’ Why is the United States being balanced against? This paper categorizes the existing theories of non-balancing into six conditions that together guarantee the absence of balancing and demonstrates that the current unipolar system can satisfy only one of them. This eases the systemic constraints and makes balancing possible. The paper then presents three cases of balancing with reference to President Putin’s foreign policy. It argues that even though in terms of relative military capabilities unipolarity still holds, the emergence of counter-hegemonic balancing is indicative of important changes in the nature of post-Cold War American domination.     

Effective in battle: conceptualizing soldiers’ combat effectiveness*

How do we understand combat effectiveness – soldiers’ performance in battle? Despite the broad consensus that understanding combat effectiveness is important both for scholars and policymakers, there is widespread disagreement about what combat effectiveness is. More specifically, studies of effectiveness tend to focus on either the skill of soldiers in battle, or their will to fight. Yet both skill and will are essential components of an effective fighting force. This article argues that understanding combat effectiveness requires understanding both of these key components of effectiveness. In other words, combat effectiveness requires both the skill and will to engage the enemy in an organized manner. It then demonstrates the usefulness of this conceptualization by applying it to the cases of British, Indian, and Australian forces fighting the Japanese during the Second World War. Only when scholars are talking about the same concept will our understanding of the conditions under which militaries are effective in battle progress. By comparing different units fighting the same opponent under the same material conditions, I demonstrate that units vary both in their combat skill and their will to fight, and that understanding their effectiveness in battle requires analyzing both of these key factors.     

舰船主动力装置故障隔离与参数估计方法

针对舰船主动力装置结构复杂、故障种类多和系统不确定性等故障诊断问题,提出采用基于双因果键合图模型的定量故障隔离与参数估计方法。根据系统传感器配置方案,建立双因果键合图模型,通过因果路径分析,推导得到系统解析冗余关系,并获得故障特征矩阵。建立系统线性分式变换键合图模型,开展故障仿真,将其与双因果键合图模型耦合,在MATLAB/Simulink环境中进行仿真试验,实现了舰船主动力装置的故障隔离与参数估计。结果表明：对双因果键合图模型因果路径分析,可以避免手动推导系统解析冗余关系的繁杂过程;基于其部件构造方程的分析可以有效实现系统故障隔离与参数估计,实时跟踪和预测故障状态。     

电磁发射用脉冲功率电源放电建模分析

为高效研究电磁发射用脉冲功率电源放电性能,为电磁发射提供技术支持,降低研发成本,电磁发射过程的相关建模与仿真工作需要重点研究。对弹丸在轨道中实际运动物理过程建立数学模型,对脉冲功率电源建立电路模型,采用联合两种模型的方法对脉冲功率电源放电系统进行研究,提出一种基于发射过程多物理现象的脉冲功率电源放电系统仿真模型。通过实验验证了提出方法的有效性,为后续脉冲功率电源放电研究提供了依据。     

概率风险评估在核电站消防安全管理中的应用

介绍了概率风险评估与火灾概率风险评估的基本概念,详细论述了概率风险评估的主要内容及其在核电站火灾安全管理中的应用。     

我国军事权的宪法规制

在我国,军事权是国家权力体系中一项独立的权力,它是中央军事委员会及其所属各级军事机关依照宪法授权而享有的对武装力量进行统率和管理的一切支配力的总和。我国历史上出现过的十几部宪法或宪法性文件均对其作出了规定。现行的＂八二宪法＂更是对军事权的权力来源、权力主体、权力范围、权力结构、启动程序和行使结果进行了较为完善的规制。在这些宪法规制的框架下,我们寻求着军事权的＂增强＂与＂节制＂这对二律背反的精妙平衡。     

超音速等离子制备Al/Ni涂层的性能特点

以超音速等离子喷涂系统(HEPJet)为平台,采用铝包镍(Al/Ni)自粘结粉末,借助Spray Watch2i在线监测系统、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和WE-10A万能拉伸试验机,研究了超音速等离子喷涂Al/Ni粒子的速度、温度及涂层的组织性能。研究结果表明:超音速等离子喷涂Al/Ni自粘结粉末时,与普通火焰喷涂不同,射流中无明显的放热反应特征,涂层中也未发现Al-Ni化合物;超音速等离子的喷涂功率、喷涂距离等参数对Al/Ni喷涂粒子的状态和涂层组织性能影响显著,当功率为54.6kW、喷涂距离为150mm时,Al/Ni涂层组织致密,与基体的结合强度高达56MPa。     

两跳OFDM译码转发中继系统的功率分配研究

分析了系统总功率约束和各节点独立功率约束条件下的中继信道,提出了以最大化系统容量为准则的两跳中继系统联合子载波配对和功率优化分配算法。算法先进行子载波配对,然后选出一组信道增益最大的子载波进行平均功率分配,最后通过迭代得到功率分配结果。为了进一步降低系统复杂度,我们利用相邻子载波之间的相关性,用若干相邻子载波组成一个等效子信道。仿真结果表明,所提算法可以在大大降低反馈量的情况下达到和注水功率分配几乎相同的系统容量。     

ADTA-1：一种嵌入式异构双核微处理器

针对多核日益严重的功耗问题,利用异步技术在低功耗方面的优势,结合数据触发结构设计并实现了一种嵌入式异构双核微处理器(ADTA-1).该设计将异步设计应用于嵌入式多核微处理器中,并在芯片中对异步微处理器进行了测试,验证了异步电路在多核微处理器中的有效性和低功耗特性,为进一步设计和实现低功耗异步多核微处理器进行了有益的探索.     

高层民用建筑电气防火设计

针对高层民用建筑电气防火设计问题,结合现行国家标准的规定进行了探讨,提出了消防电源及其配电、应急照明等设计原则。