噪声目标转向机动自动检测

根据观测器--目标保持匀速直线运动时目标方位随时间线性变化的一种可量测函数,研究了一种检测目标转向机动的新方法.由于该方法将目标方位随时间变化的非线性关系转换到另一空间的线性关系,这使得检测更加有效、直观,并且能够克服直接采用方位序列检测目标转向机动在特殊情况下失效的限制.最后计算机仿真计算及实测数据验证结果表明,该方法能快速、准确地检测目标的转向机动.     

海面多径环境下雷达目标俯仰角测量提取的研究与应用

在单脉冲测角体制下,由于多径回波信号的干扰,极大地影响了雷达对低空目标俯仰角的测量。通过对多路径反射环境模型分析,同时考虑镜面反射和漫反射的干扰,得出了岸、海基单脉冲雷达低空目标跟踪时俯仰角测量误差的产生原因,将传统的多目标分辨算法(C2算法)与偏差补偿技术相结合应用于低角多径环境下偏轴跟踪目标俯仰角的测量,弥补两种算法各自的不足。在给定的测量环境下对不同高度目标进行仿真,得到良好的仿真结果,表明两种算法结合使用,可较大地提高低空目标偏轴跟踪俯仰角的测量精度。并将其应用于某型雷达对掠海巡航飞行目标测量数据事后俯仰角的提取,与雷达实时输出的俯仰角测量数据相比,验证了该算法的有效性和可实施性。     

基于被动雷达和红外传感器的数据融合

提出基于被动雷达和红外传感器组成的复合探测系统,利用D-S证据理论提高目标识别率,借助神经网络改善目标跟踪算法的性能,同时保持跟踪滤波的计算结构尽可能简单,尤其是减少了数字计算上的复杂性。仿真结果表明了应用新算法的复合探测系统的有效性。     

基于坐标转换的卡尔曼交互式多模型滤波算法

为解决舰炮火控系统中在笛卡尔坐标系中测量信息的互相关性,分析了目前舰炮火控系统中所用到的坐标系及其坐标变换,在瞄准线坐标系内建立了自适应滤波的交互式多模型算法,能够充分利用跟踪传感器的量测信息,在卡尔曼滤波中具有较强的自适应能力,通过与标准交互式多模型算法的对比验证,自适应交互式多模型算法在计算精度上明显好于标准交互式多模型算法。     

防空系统建模与目标价值排序方法

针对当前防空系统模型的构建和评估偏向于定性处理以及仅考虑其结构特性而忽视了系统中目标与关系自身属性的问题,在分析现有模型与评估方法的基础上,提出了基于邻接矩阵的防空系统模型,定义了能力评估向量,采用目标对体系能力贡献程度的目标价值综合评价方法,并引用Pareto占优中等级前沿和拥挤距离的思想提出了目标等级和目标离散度的概念,形成了非劣性价值排序算法,同时使用加权以及性价比方法和其他网络评估方法排序,采用自身设计以及随机生成案例进行仿真实验,结果验证了基于邻接矩阵的防空系统模型以及价值排序算法的有效性。     

道路约束条件下的地面运动目标跟踪

有效使用道路信息能显著提高地面运动目标跟踪性能。基于卡尔曼滤波理论,提出了道路约束条件下的滤波方法。首先建立了描述道路网中路段的数学模型,给出了将目标分配于道路的定位算法;然后推导了道路约束条件下的过程噪声矩阵;提出了路段切换时状态修正公式;在道路约束最大后验概率估计准则下,根据道路参数修正状态与协方差。蒙特卡洛仿真结果证明了该算法的优越性能,且定量分析表明其计算量是可接受的。     

基于相关性的OFDM盲识别与参数估计方法

针对非协作通信领域OFDM信号识别难的问题,提出一种基于信号循环前缀相关性的盲识别和时域参数估计算法。通过对OFDM信号循环自相关函数进行分析,在时域上求出延时自相关运算函数的波形,利用循环前缀的相关波峰的特性,以区别OFDM信号和单载波信号,实现对OFDM信号的盲识别。在此基础上,通过采用多个OFDM信号构造循环前缀相关性的累加函数所形成的波峰完成对符号和循环前缀长度等参数的估计。     

“What is dear to you?” Survey of beliefs regarding protection of critical infrastructure against terrorism

Up to the present, there is only very little research on how the population perceives terrorism and its threats, even though support from the population is crucial for effective counterterrorism. By eliciting beliefs and subjecting them to content analyses, six factors were found that determine the protection worthiness of a target in the people's view: the potential damage to “people,” “symbolism,” “economy,” “politics,” “nature,” and “image/publicity.” These empirically found factors are in line with factors specified by terrorist target selection models. They differ in the strength of their cognitive representation among participants and, thus, their subjective importance to the people. The first three factors are shared among all participants, whereas the latter ones could only be found in a part of the participant sample. People's judgments of the targets' protection worthiness differ substantially from their judgments of the targets' attractiveness to terrorists, even though the same factors seem to be involved. This study offers an insight into the people's mental model about protection worthiness of targets. Together with classical risk analysis and knowledge about terrorists, these results can form a basis for setting up a holistic scheme for critical infrastructure protection.     

基于雷达网拓扑特征的雷达目标编群算法

为有效评估战场电磁态势和实施雷达网对抗,研究雷达目标编群算法十分必要。提出了一种基于拓扑特征分析的雷达目标编群算法,在分析雷达网拓扑结构及其特征基础上,利用拓扑特征实现雷达目标群的建立和更新,完成雷达目标编群。仿真实例表明算法具有可行性和有效性,为电磁态势评估和雷达网对抗奠定了基础。     

A pixel-level local contrast measure for infrared small target detection

Infrared (IR) small target detection is one of the key technologies of infrared search and track (IRST) systems. Existing methods have some limitations in detection performance, especially when the target size is irregular or the background is complex. In this paper, we propose a pixel-level local contrast measure (PLLCM), which can subdivide small targets and backgrounds at pixel level simultaneously. With pixel-level segmentation, the difference between the target and the background becomes more obvious, which helps to improve the detection performance. First, we design a multiscale sliding window to quickly extract candidate target pixels. Then, a local window based on random walker (RW) is designed for pixel-level target segmentation. After that, PLLCM incorporating probability weights and scale constraints is proposed to accurately measure local contrast and suppress various types of background interference. Finally, an adaptive threshold operation is applied to separate the target from the PLLCM enhanced map. Experimental results show that the proposed method has a higher detection rate and a lower false alarm rate than the baseline algorithms, while achieving a high speed.