Challenges of institutional coordination in complex defense acquisition programs: the case of the Republic of Korea’s F-X program

Decision-making in defense acquisition programs in the Republic of Korea (ROK) has been problematic, especially in highly advanced complex systems. The highly disputed force modernization program for the ROK Air Force’s fifth-generation fighter, dubbed the Fighter eXperiment, went through extreme turbulence during the type selection phase. The gist of the turbulence became evident through poor institutional coordination within the defense acquisition authorities that eventually forced them to rescind the decision generated from their own yearlong efforts, thus basically shooting themselves on the foot. The paper highlights the background of the program and reviews the institutional elements that influenced the decision-making process, and conclude that the absence of an effective coordination mechanism has made decision-making in complex defense programs even more troublesome.     

无人舰艇技术及军事应用研究

随着无人飞机的大量研发和广泛应用,无人化智能武器越来越受到世界各国的重视。在海洋争端愈演愈烈的今天,世界军事强国又纷纷把目光投向海上无人作战舰艇,无人舰艇技术得到突飞猛进的发展。近期,美国高调宣布将在中国南海打造以"无人飞机"和"无人舰艇"为骨干的"无人军团",以期全面遏制我海军的行动,加强无人舰艇技术研究已迫在眉睫。从世界无人舰艇发展历程出发,详细阐述了无人舰艇的技术特点和应用前景,重点分析了我军无人舰艇发展应用对策。研究表明,无人舰艇作为未来海航作战中不可忽视的力量,必将走俏未来战场,深度改变战争格局。     

AHP和三角白化权函数的武器装备研制技术风险评估

提出了武器装备技术风险的评价体系,采用层次分析法给出了各指标对技术风险的权重;阐述了基于三角白化权函数的灰色理论,建立了武器装备研制项目技术风险的评估模型,详细给出了技术风险评估的过程和步骤。最后,结合一个航空项目实例说明了该方法的适用性和有效性。     

陆军勤务支援旅专业技术干部军事职业教育

军事职业教育是三位一体新型军事人才培养体系的重要组成部分,是改善官兵知识结构、提高岗位能力、促进职业发展的重要途径。在分析陆军勤务支援旅专业技术干部队伍建设现状的基础上,以部队在职教育需求为牵引,初步研究探索了陆军勤务支援旅开展专业技术干部军事职业教育的方法对策。     

论颠覆性技术与军事理论创新的辩证法

技术决定战术,军事技术历来是战争领域最活跃、最具有生命力的因素。当前,以军事智能为特征的颠覆性技术已成为推动新一轮军事革命的强力引擎,它改变了原有战争样式和形态,使战争制胜机理发生复杂而深刻的变化。军事理论作为战争实践的先导,必须首先把握、科学预测和有效评判新技术对战争带来的影响,才能发挥出理论的牵引作用。古往今来的历次战争实践表明,军事理论与技术之间往往不是并行发展的,而是相互错位、交替向前的。谁能在错位的当口抢占先机,缩短错位周期,谁就能提前形成代际优势或代差,赢得战争主动。因此,必须充分认清军事理论创新与颠覆性技术之间的关系,找准军事理论与颠覆性技术错位的原因,运用科学方法,加强理技结合,把颠覆性技术内化于军事理论,达成超越对手的“理论突袭”。     

基于内外子区域划分的高阶精度CFD程序异构并行算法

对计算流体力学(CFD)程序CNS提出一种Offload模式下基于内外子区域划分的异构并行算法,结合结构化网格下有限差分计算和四阶龙格库塔方法的特点,引入ghost网格点区域,设计了一种ghost区域收缩计算策略,显著降低了异构计算资源之间的数据传输开销,负载均衡时CPU端的计算与MPI通信完全和加速器端的计算重叠,提高了异构协同并行性。推导了保证计算正确性的ghost区域的参数,分析了负载均衡的条件。在“CPU(Intel Haswell Xeon E5-2670 12 cores ×2)＋加速器(Xeon Phi 7120A ×2)”的服务器上测得该算法较直接将任务子块整体迁至加速器端计算的异构算法性能平均提升5.9倍,较MPI/OpenMP两级并行算法使用24个纯CPU核的性能,该算法使用单加速器时加速1.27倍,使用双加速器加速1.45倍。讨论和分析了性能瓶颈与存在的问题。     

Decomposing inventory routing problems with approximate value functions

We present a time decomposition for inventory routing problems. The methodology is based on valuing inventory with a concave piecewise linear function and then combining solutions to single‐period subproblems using dynamic programming techniques. Computational experiments show that the resulting value function accurately captures the inventory's value, and solving the multiperiod problem as a sequence of single‐period subproblems drastically decreases computational time without sacrificing solution quality. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2010     

Optimal inventory and dynamic admission policies for a retailer of seasonal products with affiliate programs and drop‐shipping

This article investigates the optimal inventory and admission policies for a “Clicks‐and‐Bricks” retailer of seasonal products that, in addition to selling through its own physical and online stores, also sells through third‐party websites by means of affiliate programs. Through postings on partners' webpages, an affiliate program allows a retailer to attract customers who would otherwise be missed. However, this retailer needs to pay a commission for each sale that originates from the website operators participating in the program. The retailer may also refer online orders to other sources (such as distributors and manufacturers) for fulfillment through a drop‐shipping agreement and thus earns commissions. This would be an option when, for example, the inventories at the physical stores were running low. Therefore, during the selling horizon, the retailer needs to dynamically control the opening/closing of affiliate programs and decide on the fulfillment option for online orders. On the basis of a discrete‐time dynamic programming model, the optimal admission policy of the retailer is investigated in this paper, and the structural properties of the revenue function are characterized. Numerical examples are given to show the revenue impact of optimal admission control. The optimal initial stocking decisions at the physical stores are also studied. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 2009     

A refined deterministic linear program for the network revenue management problem with customer choice behavior

We present a new deterministic linear program for the network revenue management problem with customer choice behavior. The novel aspect of our linear program is that it naturally generates bid prices that depend on how much time is left until the time of departure. Similar to the earlier linear program used by van Ryzin and Liu (2004), the optimal objective value of our linear program provides an upper bound on the optimal total expected revenue over the planning horizon. In addition, the percent gap between the optimal objective value of our linear program and the optimal total expected revenue diminishes in an asymptotic regime where the leg capacities and the number of time periods in the planning horizon increase linearly with the same rate. Computational experiments indicate that when compared with the linear program that appears in the existing literature, our linear program can provide tighter upper bounds, and the control policies that are based on our linear program can obtain higher total expected revenues. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008     

基于Web的交互式维修信息支持系统研究

根据装备维修信息化、智能化保障需求和发展,提出了基于Web的交互式维修信息支持系统。将交互式电子技术手册(IETM)与Internet、人工智能技术相结合,分析了系统的结构和主要功能,同时研究了系统实现过程中的关键技术,较好地实现了装备维修资源优化管理与共享,对维修技术实现远程信息的支持,并具体应用于某电子装备维修保障系统。