嵌入式在线航空摄影测量方法

为满足空间数据实时处理的需求,提高航空摄影测量系统在线处理能力,研究一种在线摄影测量的理论与方法,运用嵌入式架构设计一种在线摄影测量系统,使用可编程门阵列(FPGA)方法、高级精简指令集机器组合数字信号处理器(ARM+DSP)方法等嵌入式计算技术建立专门的硬件运行环境,移植并优化现有算法到嵌入式系统中,实现摄影测量数据的在线处理。机载航摄实验结果表明,该方法能够实现对摄影测量数据进行快速稳定的在线处理,验证了运用嵌入式架构的在线摄影测量的可行性,把摄影测量的处理效率提高到了一个更高的水平,同时也进一步拓宽了摄影测量技术的应用领域。     

基于多元高斯声束模型的圆柱体三维声场仿真

结合圆柱体工件内部缺陷超声检测的实际情况,采用多元高斯声束模型仿真了检测时超声波的三维声场分布。针对水浸式超声检测原理,将超声传播的过程分解成探头发射、液体耦合介质中的传播、液固界面处的传播和固体工件中的传播等4个阶段,建立了传播过程中的声场模型并得出仿真结果.分析了三维坐标体系中不同方向的声场变化情况,结果表明采用多元高斯声束模型模拟三维声场的有效性和准确性,研究的结果对于实际圆柱体工件的内部缺陷检测提供理论依据。     

环境因素对枝孢霉菌生长特性的影响

考察了温度、pH、Fe3+质量浓度等主要环境因素对喷气燃料中特征微生物——枝孢霉菌生长的影响,为喷气燃料中枝孢霉菌的防治提供科学指导。在500 nm波长处,测定了不同浓度枝孢霉菌菌液的OD值,得出其浓度与OD值线性相关,且相关性大于99%。经生长特性试验,表明枝孢霉菌在24~40℃生命力较强,在32℃生长最为旺盛,低温和高温枝孢霉菌几乎停滞生长,高温对真菌的抑制作用更加明显;p H为3~11,随着pH增大,生长速度先加快随后减慢,最适宜生长的p H为9;Fe3+质量浓度为0~200 mg/L,随着Fe3+质量浓度增大,枝孢霉菌生长趋于旺盛,即Fe3+能促进枝孢霉菌的生长。所以,监测和控制储罐中温度和pH,减少储罐和管道腐蚀,是预防和控制喷气燃料中枝孢霉菌污染的有效措施。     

合成双射流冲击平板流场结构与模态分解分析

为揭示合成双射流冲击平板流场结构特征,通过大涡模拟方法对合成双射流冲击平板流动进行了仿真,采用有限时间Lyapunov指数方法对流场的拉格朗日涡结构进行了识别,并与欧拉框架下的速度矢量和涡量结果进行了对比分析。结果表明,在合成双射流两股射流交替作用下,射流核心区涡系结构较为复杂且涡量丰富,远离核心区存在一对稳定的涡结构,且拉格朗日涡结构与涡量对应较好,为合成双射流冲击冷却的布局设计提供了指导。另外,流场本征正交分解表明,第一阶模态关于激励器出口中心轴线大致对称,其能量占总体能量的35%,前6阶模态的能量占80%;根据前6阶模态所反映的流场特性,合成双射流冲击平板流场具有高度的对称性。     

服役工况下镍基单晶高温合金的损伤机制研究进展

为提高镍基单晶叶片服役寿命、解决发动机和燃气轮机的关键核心技术,近年来国内外持续开展了大量针对镍基单晶高温合金服役情况下损伤与失效机制的研究。从实际服役条件出发,总结了镍基单晶高温合金疲劳、蠕变和热机械疲劳损伤机制等研究成果与进展。此外,针对大量实验造成的时间与成本增加问题,还总结了近年来在镍基单晶高温合金的寿命预测方法方面的研究工作与成果,并提出了目前在镍基单晶高温合金寿命评估与失效分析研究方面所面临的困难和挑战。     

BaGa4Se7与KTiOAsO4光参量振荡输出3.5 μm激光性能对比

为对比新型非线性晶体BaGa₄Se₇(简称 BGSe)和成熟商用非线性晶体KTiOAsO₄(简称 KTA) 所输出的中红外激光性能,使用1.06 μm激光泵浦BGSe(56.3°,0°,type-Ⅰ)和KTA(90°, 0°,type-Ⅱ-A)输出3.5 μm激光。在泵浦光波长为1 064 nm、脉宽为13 ns、光斑直径为4 mm、光参量振荡腔长为90 mm的条件下,实验测得KTA(L=20 mm)和BGSe(L=15 mm)的泵浦振荡阈值分别为52.6 mJ(理论值为46.11 mJ)和20.6 mJ(理论值为18.32 mJ);BGSe输出波长与温度的变化率Δλ₂/ΔT为3.20 nm/℃(理论值为2.49 nm/℃),KTA的Δλ₂/ΔT为0.073 nm/℃(理论值为0.077 nm/℃);实验测得BGSe的输出线宽为4.71 nm,KTA为2.45 nm。BGSe和KTA的泵浦阈值和温度调谐在理论和实验上吻合得较好,且结果表明:BGSe在这两个方面优于KTA;但KTA在输出窄线宽方面优于BGSe晶体。实验结果表明,BGSe是一种具有广泛应用前景的中远红外非线性晶体。     

Screening multi-dimensional heterogeneous populations for infectious diseases under scarce testing resources,with application to COVID-19

Testing provides essential information for managing infectious disease outbreaks, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. When testing resources are scarce, an important managerial decision is who to test. This decision is compounded by the fact that potential testing subjects are heterogeneous in multiple dimensions that are important to consider, including their likelihood of being disease-positive, and how much potential harm would be averted through testing and the subsequent interventions. To increase testing coverage, pooled testing can be utilized, but this comes at a cost of increased false-negatives when the test is imperfect. Then, the decision problem is to partition the heterogeneous testing population into three mutually exclusive sets: those to be individually tested, those to be pool tested, and those not to be tested. Additionally, the subjects to be pool tested must be further partitioned into testing pools, potentially containing different numbers of subjects. The objectives include the minimization of harm (through detection and mitigation) or maximization of testing coverage. We develop data-driven optimization models and algorithms to design pooled testing strategies, and show, via a COVID-19 contact tracing case study, that the proposed testing strategies can substantially outperform the current practice used for COVID-19 contact tracing (individually testing those contacts with symptoms). Our results demonstrate the substantial benefits of optimizing the testing design, while considering the multiple dimensions of population heterogeneity and the limited testing capacity.     

Ablation characteristics of insulator under high-temperature gas dual-pulse erosion

This study numerically simulated and investigated the flow field characteristics of a typical dual-pulse solid rocket motor with a soft pulse separation device through thermal insulation ablation under high-temperature dual-pulse erosion. The ablation rate of ethylene -propylene-diene monomer (EPDM) insulator was measured after the experiment. Experimental results were analyzed through scanning electron microscopy and microcomputed tomography. The ablation mechanism of the EPDM insulator under the operation conditions of a dual-pulse solid rocket motor was evaluated by analyzing the results. The results reveal that the internal flow field of the motor with a soft pulse separation device is uniform. The original charred layer existing on the EPDM insulator surface in the first pulse combustor is the decisive factor affecting the final ablation rate of the dual-pulse motor during the second pulse operation, and the ablation characteristic region is easily formed with the exfoliation of the charred layer. The ablation rate difference of the insulator increases with gas velocity.     

水下目标辐射噪声高精度仿真方法

在对水下高速运动目标实测辐射噪声数据频谱特征充分分析的基础上,基于能量聚点理论建立了一种“平台型λ水平能量聚点”辐射噪声连续谱模型.利用该模型实现了对水下目标辐射噪声的仿真.首先,对离散化的λ取值分别计算其能量聚点频率区间,然后用谐波叠加法生成频带内的时域信号,将所有频带的信号进行叠加就得到辐射噪声的时域信号,与传统的...     

地空导弹武器系统抗饱和攻击能力研究

通过确定地空导弹武器系统抗饱和攻击能力的重要效能指标,分析地空导弹武器系统服务每枚来袭目标的过程,建立了地空导弹武器系统服务模型。在此基础上,建立了一种基于MonteCarlo法的地空导弹武器系统抗饱和攻击能力模型,并对模型进行了仿真分析。结果表明,该模型可真实地反映目标流强度对地空导弹武器系统服务目标数、杀伤目标数和消耗弹药数的影响,可为地空导弹武器系统的运用提供有益参考。