A Question of ‘Government’ Control: Afghanistan DDR Programs Since 2001

Since the fall of the Taliban in late 2001, the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan (GIRoA), the United States, the United Nations, and the International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) have funded and led three different Disarmament, Demobilization, and Reintegration (DDR) programs. Despite a significant investment in time and treasure, all of them have failed to significantly reduce the number of insurgents or arbaki (militia). This article explores why these programs failed despite incorporating ideas from the prominent DDR schools of thought. Utilizing Stathis Kalyvas’ theory of The Logic of Violence in Civil War as a lens, this article argues that GIRoA and ISAF did not have sufficient control of territory to entice insurgents or arbaki to reconcile and/or reintegrate with the government. Further, in areas GIRoA nominally controlled in northern and western Afghanistan, regional powerbrokers who controlled these areas balked at these programs.     

Buy now,pay later: American military intervention and the strategic cost paradox

This paper explores the notion that US efforts to evade the political costs of war paradoxically contribute to the subsequent exacerbation of costs over time. Leaders seek to purchase political capital in the short term by limiting the costs and requirements of military operations, but in doing so cause strategic and political liabilities to mount in the long run. While identification of such behaviour is not new, insufficient attention has been devoted to explaining its causes, dynamics, and manifestations in relation to key decisions on and in war. Evidence derived from studies of recent American discretionary campaigns is analysed to advance an argument with respect to this pattern of self-defeating strategic behaviour.     

吴起战争观浅议

吴起是战国时期伟大的军事家,他在继承前人兵学理论、总结当时战争经验的基础上,系统地论述了其战争观念,并形成了许多新的见解。其战争观丰富了中国古代的兵学理论,在中国兵学发展史上具有重大的意义。     

The Power of the NPT: International Norms and Ukraine's Nuclear Disarmament

ABSTRACT

There is a lingering disagreement among scholars on how the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) affects nonproliferation and disarmament outcomes. Drawing on constructivist scholarship on international norms, this article examines the extent of the NPT's effect in the case of Ukraine's nuclear disarmament. In the wake of the Soviet Union's collapse, Ukraine found itself host to the world's third largest nuclear arsenal. Despite Ukraine's initial commitment to become a non-nuclear state, it proceeded along a difficult path toward NPT accession. Most controversial and directly at odds with the NPT was Ukraine's claim to ownership of its nuclear inheritance as a successor state of the Soviet Union. This article argues that, while much domestic discourse about the fate of these nuclear weapons was embedded in the negotiation of Ukraine's new identity as a sovereign state vis-à-vis Russia and the West, the NPT played an important, structural role by outlining a separate normative space for nuclear weapons and providing the grammar of denuclearization with which Ukraine's decision makers had to grapple.     

战场环境地形编辑器系统设计与实现

作战仿真中,地形地物对战争进程发挥着重要影响。设计并实现了战场环境地形编辑器系统,该系统利用规整网格存储高程数据,确保了动态编辑地形的实时性,并使用CLOD地形渲染方法提高绘制性能。在此基础上,对堑壕、铁丝网、三角锥、雷场、碉堡等常见战场要素的特点进行分析,将它们分为点状地物、线状地物和面状地物;最后,对每类地物分别设计不同的生成算法。实验结果证明了算法的有效性。     

模拟训练平台的建设与部署

模拟训练在军事训练和应急平台建设中发挥着重要作用。以公安消防部队的应急训练需求为例,探讨了模拟训练平台的建设与部署。     

对新疆喀什地区师范生实习支教的再思考——以石河子大学实习支教为例

新疆地处我国西部边陲,是典型的多民族地区,其独特的语言、文化、政治、经济、教育、自然条件决定了在新疆多民族地区开展实习支教工作与疆外地区存在着显著差异。本文重点探讨了师范生实习支教中存在的问题及其现实意义,试图以新的视角思考与分析现实中的困惑与阻力,为实习支教工作更好地发展提出自己的看法与对策。     

武警院校设置民族语言课程的思考

武警部队担负维护国家安全和社会稳定、保障人民安居乐业的职责使命,在民族地区遂行执勤处突、反恐维稳、抢险救灾等多样化任务的实践不断增多,要更加有效履行职能使命,需要大批掌握民族语言的指挥人才。武警院校应根据部队对民族语言人才的需求,设置民族语言课程,推进民族语言教育工作。应积极探讨设置民族语言课程的重要意义,适应培训对象确定民族语言课程,推进民族语言设课列教的对策措施。     

MIMO雷达信号检测前跟踪算法及性能

针对雷达目标检测中,弱小目标雷达截面积小,目标角闪烁以及目标受噪声和杂波影响比较大,基于序列检测的检测前跟踪算法是在MIMO雷达信号一般似然比检测的基础上提出来的,它能够克服强杂波噪声对信号检测的影响,在低信号杂波比的情况下滤除杂波点,实现了对弱小目标的检测。仿真实验证明,在虚警概率相同的条件下,算法的性能优于似然比检测方法。     

高校思想政治理论课教师人格魅力研究

高校思想政治理论课教师的人格魅力体现在政治上的党性修养、道德品质上的奉献精神、广博学识上的学术精神、思维理念上的创新精神。这些独树一帜的人格魅力在教学过程中发挥着其独到的作用,不仅能够提升思政课内在的吸引力和感染力,还能够构建和谐融洽的师生关系;不仅能够提高思政课教育教学的品质和成效,还能够回归思政课教育教学的最终目的。因此,高校思政课教师需要提升政治修养、锻造道德品质、丰富理论储备、开发创新思维来提升自身的人格魅力,从而保障思政课教育教学的最终目标得以实现。