Markets for surplus components with a strategic supplier

We study markets for surplus components, which allow manufacturers with excess component inventory to sell to firms with a shortage. Recent developments in internet commerce have the potential to greatly increase the efficiency of such markets. We develop a one‐period model in which a monopolist supplier sells to a number of independent manufacturers who are uncertain about demand for final goods. After uncertainty is resolved, the manufacturers have the opportunity to trade. Because uncertainty is over demand functions, the model allows us to endogenize both the price of final goods and the price of components in wholesale and surplus markets. We derive conditions on demand uncertainty that determine whether a surplus market will increase or decrease supplier profits. Increased costs of transacting on the surplus market may benefit manufacturers, because of the impact of these costs on the supplier's pricing power. The surplus market can decrease overall efficiency of the supply chain, since the benefit of better allocation of components may be outweighed by an increased double‐marginalization effect. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2005.     

建筑外保温系统消防安全问题及对策研究

近年来,我国与建筑外保温系统有关的火灾事故频发,引起了社会对建筑外保温系统及外保温材料防火问题的高度关注。在对常见建筑外保温材料的性能特点及外保温系统的做法进行归纳总结的基础上,分析了相关火灾危险性;针对存在的消防安全问题,从完善法规体系、促进新技术应用、加强政府监管、整治现有火灾隐患以及应急救援准备等方面提出了加强建筑外保温系统消防工作的对策。     

Capacity allocation with traditional and Internet channels

In this paper we study a capacity allocation problem for two firms, each of which has a local store and an online store. Customers may shift among the stores upon encountering a stockout. One question facing each firm is how to allocate its finite capacity (i.e., inventory) between its local and online stores. One firm's allocation affects the decision of the rival, thereby creating a strategic interaction. We consider two scenarios of a single‐product single‐period model and derive corresponding existence and stability conditions for a Nash equilibrium. We then conduct sensitivity analysis of the equilibrium solution with respect to price and cost parameters. We also prove the existence of a Nash equilibrium for a generalized model in which each firm has multiple local stores and a single online store. Finally, we extend the results to a multi‐period model in which each firm decides its total capacity and allocates this capacity between its local and online stores. A myopic solution is derived and shown to be a Nash equilibrium solution of a corresponding “sequential game.” © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2006     

钝体高超声速气动加热与结构热传递耦合的数值计算

气动加热与结构热传递耦合问题在航天和工程应用领域非常重要。分别采用松耦合与紧耦合方法,数值模拟了高超声速二维圆管绕流的流场与结构传热耦合的非定常过程。在紧耦合方法中,流场部分采用基于Navier Stokes方程的有限体积法,将AUSM+格式与时间方向的显式多步Runge Kutta法结合;结构传热部分采用基于二维热传导方程的Galerkin有限元法。流场与结构区通过交界面的热流和温度边界条件实现耦合。计算结果分别与实验、文献做了对比,结构内部温度变化关系以及壁面的热流分布均较好地吻合。两种耦合方式的计算结果对比表明,对于流场特征时间远小于结构传热特征时间的问题,松耦合方法计算效率高,精度与紧耦合方法接近。     

流过泰氟隆烧蚀表面的化学非平衡粘性激波层数值研究

本文对有泰氟隆烧蚀的化学非平衡粘性激波层流场进行了数值模拟。应用空间推进与总体迭代相结合的求解方法，采用１９组元、２９种反应的空气—泰氟隆化学反应系统，对化学非平衡粘性激波层流场与泰氟隆壁面烧蚀传热过程进行耦合求解，研究了平衡催化壁和非催化壁条件对粘性激波层烧蚀流场的影响。     

Non‐zero‐sum nonlinear network path interdiction with an application to inspection in terror networks

A simultaneous non‐zero‐sum game is modeled to extend the classical network interdiction problem. In this model, an interdictor (e.g., an enforcement agent) decides how much of an inspection resource to spend along each arc in the network to capture a smuggler. The smuggler (randomly) selects a commodity to smuggle—a source and destination pair of nodes, and also a corresponding path for traveling between the given pair of nodes. This model is motivated by a terrorist organization that can mobilize its human, financial, or weapon resources to carry out an attack at one of several potential target destinations. The probability of evading each of the network arcs nonlinearly decreases in the amount of resource that the interdictor spends on its inspection. We show that under reasonable assumptions with respect to the evasion probability functions, (approximate) Nash equilibria of this game can be determined in polynomial time; depending on whether the evasion functions are exponential or general logarithmically‐convex functions, exact Nash equilibria or approximate Nash equilibria, respectively, are computed. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 64: 139–153, 2017     

电磁轨道炮轨道温度场与热应力数值仿真

在电磁轨道炮发射过程中,因热量累积而引起的急速温升与热应力对轨道性能和寿命有着重要的影响。为获得发射过程中轨道温度场及热应力分布情况,在分析轨道热载荷的基础上,建立了热载荷计算模型,并在给定的参数下,利用有限元仿真软件ANSYS Workbench对3种典型截面轨道的温度场与热应力进行了数值仿真。仿真结果表明:轨道温度场与热应力轴向上呈梯度分布,纵向上只扩散到内表面很薄的区域,温度与热应力最大值在电枢初始位置处;相较于矩形与凹形截面轨道,凸形截面轨道温升与热应力较低,性能较好。     

三维化学非平衡粘性激波层流场数值模拟

本文通过引进主流贴体坐标 ,将粘性激波层概念推广到三维流场 ,得到了三维粘性激波层方程 ;应用空间推进与总体迭代相结合的求解方法 ,对三维化学非平衡粘性激波层流场进行了数值模拟     

核动力装置热工水力运行分析程序中的堆芯物理模型

提出了一套用于微机版船用核动力装置热工水力运行分析程序的堆芯物理模型 ,该模型既能较逼真地描述实际的物理过程 ,又能满足运行实时性要求和运行监督所要求的计算精度     

高维非线性电路平衡点稳定性研究

提出了一种新的分析具有分解形式的高维非线性电路平衡点全局渐近稳定的方法.这种方法以矩阵分解为工具,结合平衡点的渐近稳定判据,用分解矩阵的稳定性决定平衡点的全局渐近稳定性.与目前该问题所采用的LIYAPUNOV直接法相比,该方法具有无须判断平衡点的唯一性,判别方法直接明了等优点.电路维数越大时,此方法越有其优势.同时,该方法对于其他形式的非线性系统的分析,也有重要的启发性及应用价值.