汽车生产厂房消防设计与规范的矛盾点论述

根据汽车生产厂房的特点,分别从厂房的火灾危险性确定、耐火等级确定、厂房的防火分区、人员疏散距离、厂房的灭火系统设置、厂房的消防给水、涂装车间消防水枪出口等方面论述了汽车生产厂房与现行《建筑设计防火规范》规定不符合的内容,并提出了建议。     

提升高校环境法学课程教学实效性研究

高校环境法课程教学是我国环境法制教育的重要组成部分。在建设生态文明、全面推进依法治国的时代背景下,环境法课程教学要将学生的专业素质培养和个人素质提升相结合,从而使高校环境教育效果延伸至学生毕业后的工作和生活并对其产生积极影响。环境法课程的重新定位、教学目标的修正、教学理念的转变、教学组织和管理的加强,将有助于提升环境法课程教学的实效性。     

论自然辩证法在防护工程设计中的指导作用

自然辩证法理论体系中的辩证唯物主义的自然观、科学观和科学方法论、技术观和技术方法论是一把打开科学思维之门的钥匙。在防护工程设计过程中,掌握和运用好这些科学的思维方法,对正确认识、分析和处理工程设计中所遇到的各种问题,优化设计思路,提高防护工程的社会效益、战备效益和经济效益都有很重要的指导意义。     

交流杂散电流对埋地钢质管道腐蚀危害实验

为探究交流杂散电流的影响因素及其对阴极保护系统的影响,搭建交流干扰腐蚀实验平台研究了土壤电阻率、干扰电压大小、涂层电阻率和通断时间比对交流杂散电流密度的影响;采用腐蚀试片失重法研究了交流杂散电流密度对腐蚀速率的影响以及阴极保护电位分别为-850 mV和-1 000 mV时对阴极保护系统的影响。实验结果表明:土壤电阻率、干扰电压大小、涂层电阻率和通断时间比对交流杂散电流密度具有较为显著的影响;阴极保护电位为-1 000 mV时,即使交流电流密度为20 mA/cm2,腐蚀试片也能得到有效保护。因此,埋地管道应采用绝缘性能好的防腐涂层,规划合理的铺设路线,并在运行过程中采取强制电流阴极保护系统,设置合理的阴极保护电位。     

基于Matlab的避雷针保护范围可视化研究

为科学直观地开展油库防雷安全设计,采用Matlab语言对避雷针保护范围进行了三维立体模拟和可视化研究。利用Matlab图形用户界面（GUI）模块编译出单支避雷针、双支避雷针等避雷针保护范围可视化交互式程序界面,并将此程序实际应用于重庆601油库移动式避雷装置的综合防雷方案设计。结果表明：该可视化方法可以科学直观地显示出被保护物是否在避雷针的保护范围之内,为油库防雷设计、油库安全管理等工作提供了新思路。     

夜间通风量对相变轻质房间室内热环境的影响

运用EnergyPlus软件,对含相变材料层轻质房间的室内热环境进行了模拟,分析了墙体结构、通风量等因素对相变材料轻质墙体的蓄、放热性能和室内热环境的影响。模拟结果表明:相变材料应用于轻质房间,能显著增强围护结构的热惰性,提高室内的热舒适性;同时采取夜间通风技术,可以有效地将白天蓄积的热量散至室外。相变材料布置在围护结构内侧时,室内环境的热舒适性比布置在外侧时更好。从自然通风的角度,相变材料布置于围护结构内侧时,选取换气数2.5次/h作为优化结果;相变材料布置于围护结构外侧时,选取换气数4.0次/h作为优化结果。     

正常润滑条件下弧齿锥齿轮传动系统热变形对齿轮侧隙的影响

以某型直升机尾减速器弧齿锥齿轮传动系统为对象,建立该齿轮传动系统温度场仿真计算模型,计算获得在正常润滑条件下该齿轮传动系统的稳态温度场。基于当量齿轮原理,将弧齿锥齿轮副等效为法面当量直齿圆柱齿轮副,其啮合侧隙将直接反映在法面当量直齿圆柱齿轮副的端面上。利用热弹性力学原理,计算分析了正常润滑条件下传动系统的热变形对弧齿锥齿轮副啮合侧隙的影响,并得到了相关结论。为考虑热变形时正确确定弧齿锥齿轮副侧隙、保证工作精度,提供了理论依据。     

基于效能分析的坦克主动防护系统建模研究

主动防护系统是坦克防护体系的重要组成部分,建立坦克主动防护系统模型对提高作战仿真的可信性,尤其是对提高涉及坦克作战的作战仿真可信性具有重要意义。创新提出了基于可用性、可靠性和能力的系统使用周期(System Use Cycle,SUC)建模方法,并重点对坦克主动防护系统的侦察探测能力、信息处理与控制能力以及拦截能力进行了建模。最后,将坦克主动防护系统模型应用到作战仿真系统中,以俄罗斯"竞技场"主动防护系统为例,研究了主动防护系统对坦克战场生存能力的影响。仿真实验结果表明:主动防护系统能有效提高坦克的战场生存能力。     

“What is dear to you?” Survey of beliefs regarding protection of critical infrastructure against terrorism

Up to the present, there is only very little research on how the population perceives terrorism and its threats, even though support from the population is crucial for effective counterterrorism. By eliciting beliefs and subjecting them to content analyses, six factors were found that determine the protection worthiness of a target in the people's view: the potential damage to “people,” “symbolism,” “economy,” “politics,” “nature,” and “image/publicity.” These empirically found factors are in line with factors specified by terrorist target selection models. They differ in the strength of their cognitive representation among participants and, thus, their subjective importance to the people. The first three factors are shared among all participants, whereas the latter ones could only be found in a part of the participant sample. People's judgments of the targets' protection worthiness differ substantially from their judgments of the targets' attractiveness to terrorists, even though the same factors seem to be involved. This study offers an insight into the people's mental model about protection worthiness of targets. Together with classical risk analysis and knowledge about terrorists, these results can form a basis for setting up a holistic scheme for critical infrastructure protection.     

Nuclear security culture enhancement: the role of culture coordinators at Russian nuclear sites

In 2002, a Nuclear Security Culture (NSC) Enhancement Program with the mission to raise the level of the NSC at sites and facilities in Russia's nuclear complex was launched under the guidance of the Russian State Corporation “ROSATOM” and with support from the US Department of Energy. A Joint Working Group for NSC with both Russian Federation and US members was formed and charged with the design and implementation of the program. The program was implemented at sites and facilities on a pilot basis. Nine sites participated in the Pilot Project. The key program component was an establishment of Culture Coordinators (CCs) with the authority to coordinate and implement NSC enhancement activities at sites and facilities. The CCs have served as the force that has maintained the momentum of the Pilot Project and continuously steered the site NSC enhancement efforts. The contribution of the CCs in achieving the positive outcomes of the program cannot be overstated.