轴向应力对铁磁材料磁极性影响研究

为研究外加应力作用下铁磁材料磁极性变化规律,制作Q235钢轴状静载拉伸试件,在MTS810型液压伺服试验机上进行正向或反向多级加载,采用EMS2003金属磁记忆仪检测拉伸过程试件表面磁记忆信号变化,分析加载顺序、加载次数及应力大小对磁极性影响。研究结果表明：同一加载方向上试件磁极性不变,加载应力大小决定磁极性强弱,正反方向加载试件产生相反的磁极性。同一加载方向、同一加载应力条件下,加载次数不影响磁极性;改变加载方向,加载应力需逆转磁畴结构取向,加载次数增多使磁极性略有增强。     

土中爆炸对埋地管线冲击作用的数值模拟分析

为了研究土中爆炸作用下埋地管线的安全问题,利用AUTODYN-2D、AU?TODYN-3D程序,采用程序提供的流固耦合功能和网格映射功能,对爆炸地冲击作用下埋地管线的变形和破坏问题进行了数值模拟分析,得到不同爆心间距管线的应力峰值.将模拟计算结果和理论计算结果进行了对比分析,结果表明:模拟计算值与TM5-855-1手册理论计算值比较吻合,表明采用数值模拟方法分析爆炸地冲击对埋地管线的作用是可行的,计算结果对地下爆破的安全施工和埋地管线的安全运行具有参考价值.     

THE SOCIAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL IMPACT OF RADIOLOGICAL TERRORISM

The July 2005 terrorist attacks in London demonstrated the resilience of Western society in the face of low-level conventional terrorism. But the psychological damage from the London bombings would likely pale next to the severe, unpredictable, long-lasting effects of a radiological attack. One unique hazard of radiation exposure beyond the obvious physiological effects is that it is colorless, odorless, and tasteless, making it difficult for ordinary citizens to evaluate, quantify, and rationally understand the dangers confronting them. Radiological weapons stand out among the tools available to terrorists for their capacity to inflict far-reaching psychological damage to civilian populaces well beyond the immediate victims. A possible solution to mitigate the psychological consequences is to build a “resilience culture,” an interlocking set of beliefs, attitudes, approaches, and behaviors that help people fare better in any disaster or extraordinary circumstance. The “all-hazards approach,” which emphasizes the identifiable similarities among the “disaster triad”—that is, natural, accidentally man-made, and intentionally man-made disasters—extends to acts of terrorism and could help demystify the fears associated with radiological terrorist weapons.     

Comparison between constant‐stress and step‐stress accelerated life tests under Time Constraint

By running life tests at higher stress levels than normal operating conditions, accelerated life testing (ALT) quickly yields information on the lifetime distribution of a test unit. The lifetime at the design stress is then estimated through extrapolation using a regression model. In constant‐stress testing, a unit is tested at a fixed stress level until failure or the termination time point of test, whereas step‐stress testing allows the experimenter to gradually increase the stress levels at some prefixed time points during the test. In this work, the optimal k‐level constant‐stress and step‐stress ALTs are compared for the exponential failure data under complete sampling and Type‐I censoring. The objective is to quantify the advantage of using the step‐stress testing relative to the constant‐stress one. Assuming a log‐linear life–stress relationship with the cumulative exposure model for the effect of changing stress in step‐stress testing, the optimal design points are determined under C/D/A‐optimality criteria. The efficiency of step‐stress testing to constant‐stress one is then discussed in terms of the ratio of optimal objective functions based on the information matrix. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 00: 000–000, 2013     

机械零件可靠性在应力-强度分布特性下的计算模型

根据应力-强度分布特性下的干涉理论,确定了机械零件在应力-强度诸分布情形下的可靠性计算模型,将应力、强度、结构和可靠性计算联系起来。     

水喷淋对建筑外立面火灾烟气向室内蔓延控制的研究

高层建筑外保温材料发生火灾后,研究着火层房间内的自动喷水灭火系统对火灾烟气向室内蔓延的控制效果,为高层建筑性能化防火设计提供理论支持。运用火灾动力学软件FDS模拟高层建筑外保温材料火灾,对比分析在不同喷射位置的自动喷水灭火系统作用下的室内平均CO浓度和温度等烟气特性参数。综合比较发现,将喷头置于窗上方向下喷淋能有效地降低室内平均CO浓度和平均温度。对于由高层建筑外保温材料引起的火灾,室内自动喷水灭火系统喷头相对于窗户的位置决定其对火灾烟气蔓延控制的效果。     

简谐外磁场环境下J-C模型的热力学纠缠

以简谐外磁场环境下的J-C模型为研究对象,从系统的哈密顿矩阵出发,通过计算模拟得出热力学纠缠度解析表达式。计算结果表明,对应于不同的外磁场强度,系统热力学纠缠度呈周期性余弦变化,但随环境温度升高快速衰减;在相同环境温度下,系统热力学纠缠度关于磁场强度左右不对称变化。     

基于集总参数法的坦克稳态热分析模型

为了掌握坦克的热状况,发展了一个坦克稳态热分析模型,基于集总参数法将整车划分为若干热单元,考虑了坦克自身产热、传热和外界环境的影响,建立了热平衡方程,构建了由热单元、产热源、导热热阻、对流传热热桥、辐射换热源等组成的热网络。模型计算的温度值与实车测试值对比,误差小于7%。对某型坦克高速度行驶稳态工况进行热分析,得到了坦克整体表面温度分布、高温部位温度及其热量分配状况。     

Size dependent free vibration analysis of functionally graded piezoelectric micro/nano shell based on modified couple stress theory with considering thickness stretching effect

Higher-order shear and normal deformation theory is used in this paper to account thickness stretching effect for free vibration analysis of the cylindrical micro/nano shell subjected to an applied voltage and uniform temperature rising. Size dependency is included in governing equations based on the modified couple stress theory. Hamilton's principle is used to derive governing equations of the cylindrical micro/nano shell. Solution procedure is developed using Navier technique for simply-supported boundary conditions. The numerical results are presented to investigate the effect of significant parameters such as some dimensionless geometric parameters, material properties, applied voltages and temperature rising on the free vibration responses.     

炸药热安定性的快速评定方法

本文分析了量气法和热分析法评定炸药热安定性的问题,提出把由一条DSC曲线测得的热分解动力学参数引入热平衡方程,以数值模拟方法计算出炸药在一定环境温度下的热爆炸延滞期,并据此判别炸药热安定性的观点和方法。经实验验证,该方法快速、准确。