基于博弈论的装备采购定价激励模型

不同的定价方式和定价参数的选择对于承包商会起到不同程度的激励作用。为提高装备采购效益,在承包商追求效用最大化假设的基础上,建立了装备采购完全信息动态博弈模型。对价格、成本、承包商努力程度和承包商效用之间的关系进行了研究,证明了成本分担和固定价格的定价方式能够有效激励承包商提高自身努力水平降低成本,并提出了2种定价方式的参数定量计算方法。     

农村公共财政政策下的消防工作研究

介绍了农村消防工作与农村公共财政政策的内在联系,分析了农村公共财政政策和农村消防基础设施建设存在问题。就改革农村公共财政政策,加强农村消防基础设施建设进行了探讨。     

组合激光作用下CdS探测器破坏阈值实验研究

采用组合激光(即响应波段内532nm激光和响应波段外1319nm激光)对光导型CdS探测器进行辐照,测量了CdS探测器的破坏阈值。当1319nm激光辐照功率密度保持不变时,波段内激光的加入明显缩短了CdS探测器被破坏时激光所需的辐照时间,并且随着532nm激光功率密度的不断增大,辐照时间先减少后增加;当1319nm激光辐照时间保持不变时,随着532nm激光功率密度的增大,CdS探测器被破坏所需的1319nm激光功率密度先减小后增大,但恢复值仍比没有532nm激光加入时要小,说明了波段内激光的增强作用。上述两种变化趋势与相同条件下探测器的电压响应变化规律一致。     

基于Citespace的国内公共政策研究现状分析

推进社会经济发展和管理需要科学制定和实施公共政策对当前研究现状进行分析梳理,有利于该领域的发展,使公共政策的制定和执行更加科学有效。以CNKI数据库收录的5799篇国内公共政策研究期刊论文为样本,采用文献计量法和知识可视化分析工具CiteSpace,对国内公共政策研究的现状、演进与热点等进行深入探讨。结果表明,21世纪以来,公共政策研究进入了高潮,但作者、机构之间学术联系较弱,还处于比较分散的状态。研究热点主要集中在政策制定、合法性有效性评估、群众认可及产业应用方面,新的研究前沿将是开拓民主渠道、完善监督机制、推动政府决策科学化等方面。     

波速测量层合复合材料冲击损伤实验

在层合复合材料横向冲击试验中,用应变片记录层合板表层在冲击过程中的应变响应,根据波的传播理论和连续损伤力学,从波速变化间接测得冲击下材料的损伤及损伤率。通过实验测得玻璃纤维／环氧（ＧＥ）正交层合板的动态损伤阈值,并证实了ＧＥ复合材料在拉伸阶段比在压缩阶段有更快的损伤扩展速率     

数据库系统安全模型的设计

本文首先分析了有关数据库安全所需要解决的几个问题,并基于 discretion 和mandatory 存取策略,以及完整性和数据库加密策略,提出了一个较完整的数据库系统的安全模型。     

Fixed‐interval joint‐replenishment policies for distribution systems with multiple retailers and stochastic demand

We consider a distribution system consisting of a central warehouse and a group of retailers facing independent stochastic demand. The retailers replenish from the warehouse, and the warehouse from an outside supplier with ample supply. Time is continuous. Most previous studies on inventory control policies for this system have considered stock‐based batch‐ordering policies. We develop a time‐based joint‐replenishment policy in this study. Let the warehouse set up a basic replenishment interval. The retailers are replenished through the warehouse in intervals that are integer multiples of the basic replenishment interval. No inventory is carried at the warehouse. We provide an exact evaluation of the long‐term average system costs under the assumption that stock can be balanced among the retailers. The structural properties of the inventory system are characterized. We show that, although it is well known that stock‐based inventory control policies dominate time‐based inventory control policies at a single facility, this dominance does not hold for distribution systems with multiple retailers and stochastic demand. This is because the latter can provide a more efficient mechanism to streamline inventory flow and pool retailer demand, even though the former may be able to use more updated stock information to optimize system performance. The findings of the study provide insights about the key factors that drive the performance of a multiechelon inventory control system. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 60: 637–651, 2013     

Interpreting the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty

Interpreting the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, by Daniel H. Joyner. Oxford University Press, 2011. 192 pages, $100.     

Bedeviled by a Paradox: Nitze,Bundy, and an Incipient Nuclear Norm

ABSTRACT

This article explores how two influential American policy makers—Paul Nitze and McGeorge Bundy—wrestled with the idea of a norm against the use of nuclear weapons. Existing scholarship has overlooked how both Bundy and Nitze came to understand the idea of nuclear non-use, especially related to the credibility of threats to use nuclear weapons. Using documentary evidence from their personal papers, this article illuminates the thinking of Bundy and Nitze, finding that both engaged with the idea of a norm of non-use of nuclear weapons in their strategic writing and thought.     

Building the next nuclear community

This viewpoint takes stock of the changes in the strategic nuclear landscape in recent decades and reflects on its consequences on the policy community. It finds that the number and scope of issues have expanded considerably; they have manifested themselves in many more regions of the world; and they have become deeply politicized and polarized. The consequences have been twofold: the nuclear policy field has seen the development of an increasingly diverse expert community composed of highly specialized functionalists and regionalists, and it has become ever more divided into two entirely separate ideological camps—one that believes in deterrence, the other in disarmament. The stove-piping of expertise and the widening gap between deterrence and disarmament ideologies are immensely problematic because, in different ways, they stand in the way of the emergence of a better and safer nuclear future. Looking ahead, it is critical to “bust the silos of expertise” and to build bridges between the deterrence and disarmament ideological camps. Only such a community-building effort will help solve today’s and tomorrow’s nuclear challenges.