Capacity investment decisions under risk aversion

This article studies the optimal capacity investment problem for a risk‐averse decision maker. The capacity can be either purchased or salvaged, whereas both involve a fixed cost and a proportional cost/revenue. We incorporate risk preference and use a consumption model to capture the decision maker's risk sensitivity in a multiperiod capacity investment model. We show that, in each period, capacity and consumption decisions can be separately determined. In addition, we characterize the structure of the optimal capacity strategy. When the parameters are stationary, we present certain conditions under which the optimal capacity strategy could be easily characterized by a static two‐sided (s, S) policy, whereby, the capacity is determined only at the beginning of period one, and held constant during the entire planning horizon. It is purchased up to B when the initial capacity is below b, salvaged down to Σ when it is above σ, and remains constant otherwise. Numerical tests are presented to investigate the impact of demand volatility on the optimal capacity strategy. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 63: 218–235, 2016     

位置信息与替换概率相结合的多核共享Cache管理机制

多核系统中末级Cache是影响整体性能的关键。为了提出一种细粒度、低延迟、低代价的末级共享Cache资源管理机制,将系统性能目标转换为每个内核当前占用Cache资源的替换概率,以决定每个内核能够提供的被替换资源的数量;对某个需要增加Cache资源的内核,从可提供被替换资源的候选内核中选出距离较近且替换概率较高的一个内核,并以Cache块为粒度进行替换,从而实现Cache资源在不同内核间的动态划分。与传统以相联度为粒度的粗粒度替换机制相比,以Cache块为单位的替换机制具有更细的替换粒度,灵活性更高。另外,通过将位置信息和替换概率结合,保证了Cache资源与相应内核在物理布局上的收敛,降低了访问延迟。同时,所提出的方法只需要增加极少的硬件代价。实验结果表明,根据实验场景和对比对象的不同,所提方法与其他已有研究成果相比,可以实现从6.8%到22.7%的性能提升。     

组合激光作用下CdS探测器破坏阈值实验研究

采用组合激光(即响应波段内532nm激光和响应波段外1319nm激光)对光导型CdS探测器进行辐照,测量了CdS探测器的破坏阈值。当1319nm激光辐照功率密度保持不变时,波段内激光的加入明显缩短了CdS探测器被破坏时激光所需的辐照时间,并且随着532nm激光功率密度的不断增大,辐照时间先减少后增加;当1319nm激光辐照时间保持不变时,随着532nm激光功率密度的增大,CdS探测器被破坏所需的1319nm激光功率密度先减小后增大,但恢复值仍比没有532nm激光加入时要小,说明了波段内激光的增强作用。上述两种变化趋势与相同条件下探测器的电压响应变化规律一致。     

军人犯罪刑事政策探究

刑事政策是大刑事法思想的基本范畴 ,军人犯罪刑事政策是国家基本刑事政策在军队的具体沿用。军人犯罪刑事政策是由军委就一定时期军队犯罪情况制订的原则性指导意见 ,它不直接对某一犯罪人作出评判 ,而是作为军事立法机关和司法机关形成最终法律判断的动态标准。     

波速测量层合复合材料冲击损伤实验

在层合复合材料横向冲击试验中,用应变片记录层合板表层在冲击过程中的应变响应,根据波的传播理论和连续损伤力学,从波速变化间接测得冲击下材料的损伤及损伤率。通过实验测得玻璃纤维／环氧（ＧＥ）正交层合板的动态损伤阈值,并证实了ＧＥ复合材料在拉伸阶段比在压缩阶段有更快的损伤扩展速率     

数据库系统安全模型的设计

本文首先分析了有关数据库安全所需要解决的几个问题,并基于 discretion 和mandatory 存取策略,以及完整性和数据库加密策略,提出了一个较完整的数据库系统的安全模型。     

社会系统运行理论与我国现阶段政策的制定

本文阐述了社会系统运行理论的初步框架,并以其分析社会系统的组织化状态与政策在其自组织中的功能;在剖析不同类型经济系统利弊的基础上,提出了我国现阶段政策制定的基本思路。     

Fixed‐interval joint‐replenishment policies for distribution systems with multiple retailers and stochastic demand

We consider a distribution system consisting of a central warehouse and a group of retailers facing independent stochastic demand. The retailers replenish from the warehouse, and the warehouse from an outside supplier with ample supply. Time is continuous. Most previous studies on inventory control policies for this system have considered stock‐based batch‐ordering policies. We develop a time‐based joint‐replenishment policy in this study. Let the warehouse set up a basic replenishment interval. The retailers are replenished through the warehouse in intervals that are integer multiples of the basic replenishment interval. No inventory is carried at the warehouse. We provide an exact evaluation of the long‐term average system costs under the assumption that stock can be balanced among the retailers. The structural properties of the inventory system are characterized. We show that, although it is well known that stock‐based inventory control policies dominate time‐based inventory control policies at a single facility, this dominance does not hold for distribution systems with multiple retailers and stochastic demand. This is because the latter can provide a more efficient mechanism to streamline inventory flow and pool retailer demand, even though the former may be able to use more updated stock information to optimize system performance. The findings of the study provide insights about the key factors that drive the performance of a multiechelon inventory control system. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 60: 637–651, 2013     

Interpreting the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty

Interpreting the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, by Daniel H. Joyner. Oxford University Press, 2011. 192 pages, $100.     

Bedeviled by a Paradox: Nitze,Bundy, and an Incipient Nuclear Norm

ABSTRACT

This article explores how two influential American policy makers—Paul Nitze and McGeorge Bundy—wrestled with the idea of a norm against the use of nuclear weapons. Existing scholarship has overlooked how both Bundy and Nitze came to understand the idea of nuclear non-use, especially related to the credibility of threats to use nuclear weapons. Using documentary evidence from their personal papers, this article illuminates the thinking of Bundy and Nitze, finding that both engaged with the idea of a norm of non-use of nuclear weapons in their strategic writing and thought.