Choosing arrival process models for service systems: Tests of a nonhomogeneous Poisson process

Service systems such as call centers and hospital emergency rooms typically have strongly time‐varying arrival rates. Thus, a nonhomogeneous Poisson process (NHPP) is a natural model for the arrival process in a queueing model for performance analysis. Nevertheless, it is important to perform statistical tests with service system data to confirm that an NHPP is actually appropriate, as emphasized by Brown et al. [8]. They suggested a specific statistical test based on the Kolmogorov–Smirnov (KS) statistic after exploiting the conditional‐uniform (CU) property to transform the NHPP into a sequence of i.i.d. random variables uniformly distributed on [0,1] and then performing a logarithmic transformation of the data. We investigate why it is important to perform the final data transformation and consider what form it should take. We conduct extensive simulation experiments to study the power of these alternative statistical tests. We conclude that the general approach of Brown et al. [8] is excellent, but that an alternative data transformation proposed by Lewis [22], drawing upon Durbin [10], produces a test of an NHPP test with consistently greater power. We also conclude that the KS test after the CU transformation, without any additional data transformation, tends to be best to test against alternative hypotheses that primarily differ from an NHPP only through stochastic and time dependence. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 61: 66–90, 2014     

基于正交锁定差分放大器的巨磁阻抗（GMI）磁传感器

基于非晶丝的巨磁阻抗(GMI)效应,利用CoFeBSi非晶丝作为敏感材料,采用正交锁定放大电路和仪用放大器作为信号调理电路,设计了一种差分式高灵敏度GMI磁传感器。介绍了巨磁阻抗效应的基本概念和双非晶丝差分结构的磁敏探头,分析了基于正交锁定差分放大技术的信号调理电路的工作原理,并结合非晶丝两端输出信号的幅度和相位特性,提出了正交锁定放大器输出包络的近似计算方法。实验结果表明:在-2.0 Oe~+2.0 Oe的量程内,该GMI磁传感器灵敏度可达748mV/Oe,线性误差为0.98%FS,且噪声平均功率谱密度约为0.8nT/Hz1/2。     

基于数据站场的系统效能评估决策支持方法

随着信息技术的发展,系统信息量的提升给军事系统效能评估带来了新的问题。针对系统效能分析数据非线性、高维数、强耦合的特点,提出了一种基于数据站场技术的效能评估决策支持方法。通过数据恢复、约减、求精与重构操作,对评估数据进行了处理,并搭建了数据站场立方体,降低了数据间的依赖性,满足了不同层面系统分析的需求。以面向任务的网络化火控系统的为例,进行了系统效能评估、时效性评估和指标分析,从三个层次验证了方法的有效性与可行性。将数据挖掘技术应用到仿真系统效能评估决策中,获得了更广泛的应用。     

基于关键路径和任务复制的多核调度算法

针对目前大多数多核处理器任务分配优化算法没有考虑关键路径上节点对任务完成时间的重要影响,导致任务完成总时间延迟的问题,提出了基于关键路径和任务复制(CPTD)的单任务调度算法。CPTD算法通过复制任务图中fork节点的方式将任务图转化为与之相对应的产品加工树;再在生成的产品加工树中找到关键路径,并采取使关键路径上节点的紧前节点尽早调度的方式,使关键路径上节点尽早开始执行,进而使产品加工树中节点完成时间得以提前,达到缩短任务执行总时间的目的。理论分析表明,CPTD算法能够实现应用程序在多核上充分并行处理,并能缩短任务完成时间。     

Counterinsurgency American style: Considering David Petraeus and twenty-first century irregular war

This article examines the complex legacy of David Petraeus who was a key figure in the emergence of the US military shift towards counterinsurgency doctrine in the years after 2006. Although Petraeus has been perceived by critics as a publicity seeker, he can be credited with laying the foundations for a more serious commitment to COIN involving in particular in integrating conventional and Special Forces in arenas like village stability operations. The article looks a Petraeus's role in both Iraq and Afghanistan: it concludes that, in the case of Afghanistan, it is too early to assess whether counterinsurgency has had a decisive impact of the outcome of the war against the Taliban.     

光学显微结核杆菌图像的区域分割算法

为提高结核杆菌目标的分割精度,提出了一种区域级的光学显微结核杆菌图像分割算法。通过顶帽—底帽变换增强彩色图像对比度,融合图像局部特征和全局信息计算图像梯度,利用分水岭算法实现对图像的初始分割;对分割区域采用相邻区域最大相似度准则进行合并,从而得到完整的目标区域;根据结核杆菌图像的特点,通过分析结核杆菌目标区域的颜色特性,采用多阈值分割的方法滤除区域中的杂质,实现对结核杆菌目标的分割。实验结果表明,可以分割出目标对比度低以及饱和度过低的结核杆菌目标,并且对不同染色背景的图像均能取得较好的分割结果。     

正反向量子斯特林循环有限时间热力学性能界限和优化准则

研究了正反向量子斯特林循环的最优性能.在经典极限下,导出了循环的有限时间热力学性能界限和优化准则.得到了斯特林热机、制冷机和热泵特性参数之间的优化关系.     

卫星导航系统的体系安全性分析方法

为了应对卫星导航系统内部复杂关系等体系特征为其安全分析带来的挑战、全面识别和分析卫星导航系统面临的体系安全威胁、提高系统的安全性和服务能力,基于功能依赖网络分析理论提出了从体系角度研究卫星导航系统安全性的建模方法,重点对导航系统内组件系统之间交互关系导致的危险传播、任意失效组合进行了后果分析和原因调查。仿真结果表明该方法能清晰地描述危险传播和失效组合的过程以及进行正逆向的推理分析,也证明了该方法在卫星导航系统安全分析问题上的潜力和适用性。     

一种基于极坐标模型的多AUV协同导航与定位算法

为了解决多个自主式水下无人航行器(AUV)在作曲线轨迹的航行时常规协同导航算法精度较低的难题,提出了一种基于极坐标的多AUV协同导航与定位算法.首先,将本算法的模型、可观测性与常规的直角坐标系算法进行了分析与对比.接着,进行了基于实航数据的数值仿真.针对解决各种传感器受异常噪声干扰导致多AUV协同定位误差变大的问题,本...