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181.
内可逆卡诺热泵的生态学优化性能 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文导出了内可逆卡诺热泵的供热量、供热率和供热系数的耗散量,以反映热泵供热率π与其耗散φ_cT_Lσ,即热泵熵产率σ、低温热源温度T_L和可逆供热系数φ_c乘积之间最佳折衷的“生态学”性能E=π-φ_cT_Lσ为目标,基于牛顿和线性唯象传热定律,研究内可逆卡诺热泵的优化问题,得到最大E性能时的供热系数界限及相应的供热率和熵产率。 相似文献
182.
非线性传热条件下的内可逆卡诺热机最优性能有了一些讨论,本文将导出不可逆卡诺热泵工作于非线性传热 Q■条件下,最佳供热系数д与泵热率π的关系。据此可确定任意泵热率时所对应的供热系数界限。最后,讨论了这一关系的一些应用,所得结果包含了经典热力学及内可逆线性传热情况下的有关结论,为实际热泵设计提供新的理论依据。 相似文献
183.
Degradation experiments are widely used to assess the reliability of highly reliable products which are not likely to fail under the traditional life tests. In order to conduct a degradation experiment efficiently, several factors, such as the inspection frequency, the sample size, and the termination time, need to be considered carefully. These factors not only affect the experimental cost, but also affect the precision of the estimate of a product's lifetime. In this paper, we deal with the optimal design of a degradation experiment. Under the constraint that the total experimental cost does not exceed a predetermined budget, the optimal decision variables are solved by minimizing the variance of the estimated 100pth percentile of the lifetime distribution of the product. An example is provided to illustrate the proposed method. Finally, a simulation study is conducted to investigate the robustness of this proposed method. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 46: 689–706, 1999 相似文献
184.
Scheduling a set of n jobs on a single machine so as to minimize the completion time variance is a well‐known NP‐hard problem. In this paper, we propose a sequence, which can be constructed in O(n log n) time, as a solution for the problem. Our primary concern is to establish the asymptotical optimality of the sequence within the framework of probabilistic analysis. Our main result is that, when the processing times are randomly and independently drawn from the same uniform distribution, the sequence is asymptotically optimal in the sense that its relative error converges to zero in probability as n increases. Other theoretical results are also derived, including: (i) When the processing times follow a symmetric structure, the problem has 2⌊(n−1)/2⌋ optimal sequences, which include our proposed sequence and other heuristic sequences suggested in the literature; and (ii) when these 2⌊(n−1)/2⌋ sequences are used as approximate solutions for a general problem, our proposed sequence yields the best approximation (in an average sense) while another sequence, which is commonly believed to be a good approximation in the literature, is interestingly the worst. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 46: 373–398, 1999 相似文献
185.
Adam Janiak 《海军后勤学研究》1998,45(1):99-113
The paper deals with a problem of scheduling a set of jobs on a single machine. Before a job is released for processing, it must undergo some preprocessing treatment that consumes resources. It is assumed that the release date of a job is a linear decreasing continuous function of the amount of a locally and globally constrained, continuously divisible resource (e.g., energy, catalyzer, financial outlay, gas). The problem is to find a sequence of jobs and a resource allocation that will minimize the maximum job completion time. Such a problem appears, for example, in the ingot preheating and hot-rolling process in steel mills. It is shown that the problem is strongly NP-hard. Some polynomially solvable cases of the problem and approximate algorithms with both experimental and worst-case analysis are presented. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 45: 99–113, 1998 相似文献
186.
Facing fierce competition from rivals, sellers in online marketplaces are eager to improve their sales by delivering items faster and more reliably. Because logistics quality can be known only after a transaction, sellers must identify effective ways to communicate logistics information to consumers. Drawing on the accessibility-diagnosticity framework, we theorize that the sales impacts of logistics information depend on its relative diagnostic value. Using data on 1493 items with 505,785 consumer reviews from an online marketplace, we examine how sales are affected by three information sources for logistics services: online word of mouth (WOM) about logistics, self-reported logistics services, and expected delivery time. We use an instrumental variable method to address the endogeneity issue between sales and WOM. We find that, ceteris paribus, consumers give more weight to WOM about logistics and delivery time when they make purchase decisions but less weight to self-reported logistics service. The effects of logistics information on sales are asymmetric for large and small sellers. 相似文献
187.
针对高斯混合模型估计非高斯系统时高斯混合项呈指数级增长问题,提出一种基于相似分布特性准则的聚类-合并方法。通过分析高斯混合项的分布特性,基于扩展积分均方误差代价函数搜索最优置信范围,并对混合项进行高斯聚类,进而获得具有不同分布特性的高斯簇。为防止高斯簇间对高斯子项的重复利用,引入局部最近邻思想对交叉高斯项进行重新分配。采用并行多元素合并方法对高斯簇中的混合项进行合并,在保证无偏性基础上减少下一时刻混合项数量。仿真结果表明,改进算法在保证跟踪精度的同时还可有效提高算法效率。 相似文献
188.
In the context of restricted budgetary resources and the growing cost of maintenance, repair, and overhaul (MRO) activities, a major issue for modern armed forces is to sustain defense platforms. A possible method consists of realizing economies of scale through the concentration of maintenance activities, which involves the spatial reorganization of existing industrial sites dedicated to MRO. This article provides a formalized framework to discuss the optimal organization for the MRO of defense platforms in space. The public planner organizes the maintenance of defense platforms with only two possible spatial configurations. In the dispersed configuration, two industrial production units in charge of the maintenance optimally cover space, whereas in the concentrated configuration, a unique industrial unit covers space. Focusing on the tipping point between the two configurations, the balance of forces between agglomeration and dispersion in defense support activities is described and discussed. On the one hand, economies of scale provide an opportunity to optimize defense support costs, favoring concentration in a unique industrial unit. On the other hand, space causes dispersion to reduce both transport costs and operational social costs. This trade-off illustrates a general principle in spatial economics with an application to MRO production in the French case. 相似文献
189.
190.
基于电磁场时域积分方程(TDIE)数值技术计算复杂目标的瞬态散射特性,其计算量和内存需求大,采用时域自适应算法(TDAIM)降低了TDIE的计算规模。在研究TDAIM并行算法的基础上,开发了基于.NET Remoting的电磁场分布式数值计算方案。数值结果表明,该方案显著提高了TDAIM的计算效率,为解决电大目标瞬态电磁散射问题提供了一条有效途径。 相似文献