飞秒激光脉冲在空气中成丝调控研究进展

在衍射、色散、克尔效应和多光子电离的动态平衡作用下,飞秒激光脉冲能够形成长距离的自引导光丝结构,并且伴随着狭长的等离子体通道。为精确控制超强飞秒激光脉冲在大气中的传输特性,针对飞秒光丝传输模式及光丝光场时空分布的有效调控已成为当前研究热点。在介绍飞秒激光成丝物理模型的基础上,对飞秒激光成丝调控方面的最新进展进行了综述,将光丝调控方式大致归结为两部分:时间调控和空间调控。其中,在空间维度上的调控主要可以分为相位调控、振幅调控以及特殊光场调控。同时指出飞秒激光大气成丝调制能产生众多的新效应,可为促进飞秒光丝实现更多新颖的潜在应用奠定基础。     

机体/推进一体化飞行器动导数频域计算方法

运用Etkin非定常气动力模型,将谐波平衡法应用于复杂外形动导数辨识。计算结果表明:谐波平衡法和时域方法的动导数辨识结果一致,与实验值吻合,验证了程序的正确性和谐波平衡法的可靠性。采用谐波平衡法对类X-51高超声速机体/推进一体化飞行器WR-A进行动导数辨识,并与时域方法的计算结果比较,考察了该方法在复杂外形下数值模拟非定常流动和动导数辨识的能力。实验结果表明:对于WR-A这种复杂外形飞行器,谐波平衡法也能在保证精度的同时具有较高的计算效率。     

Impacts of logistics information on sales: Evidence from Alibaba

Facing fierce competition from rivals, sellers in online marketplaces are eager to improve their sales by delivering items faster and more reliably. Because logistics quality can be known only after a transaction, sellers must identify effective ways to communicate logistics information to consumers. Drawing on the accessibility-diagnosticity framework, we theorize that the sales impacts of logistics information depend on its relative diagnostic value. Using data on 1493 items with 505,785 consumer reviews from an online marketplace, we examine how sales are affected by three information sources for logistics services: online word of mouth (WOM) about logistics, self-reported logistics services, and expected delivery time. We use an instrumental variable method to address the endogeneity issue between sales and WOM. We find that, ceteris paribus, consumers give more weight to WOM about logistics and delivery time when they make purchase decisions but less weight to self-reported logistics service. The effects of logistics information on sales are asymmetric for large and small sellers.     

目标区域局部特征和局部图像质量相结合的激光干扰效果评估

为客观描述光电成像系统激光干扰效果,提出目标区域局部特征和图像质量相结合的干扰效果评估算法。图像的局部特征用特征点描述,图像质量用结构相似度指数描述。该算法利用特征点匹配算法确定场景图像中的目标区域,计算干扰前后目标区域内特征点数量的变化、干扰后目标区域内未饱和面积所占的比重以及目标区域内图像的结构相似度指数,并将上述各参数相乘得到最终的评价指标。利用该方法对典型激光干扰图像进行评估,结果表明:在不同入射功率和不同光斑位置情况下,所提评估指标比单独使用结构相似度的评估指标具有更大的取值范围和更明显的非线性变化特征。这说明:该指标能够反映光电成像系统激光干扰过程的丰富细节,更加适合激光干扰效果的评估。     

开口金属腔体对强电磁脉冲的耦合效应

为了评价腔体开口因素对核电磁脉冲(High-amplitude Electro Magnetic Pulse,HEMP)和高功率微波(High Power Microwave,HPM)破坏效能的影响,采用CST电磁计算软件建立强电磁脉冲的孔缝耦合模型,研究孔缝的位置、大小以及长宽比对HEMP和HPM耦合效应的影响。结果表明,孔缝的位置、大小及长宽比对HEMP的耦合效应影响较大,合理控制孔缝的位置、大小以及长宽比能在一定程度上削弱HEMP的破坏效能。对于HPM,相同条件下其耦合效应要明显强于HEMP。在孔缝达到一定尺寸后,其大小和长宽比对HPM的耦合效应影响较小,仅孔缝位置会带来较大的影响。当开口平面与HPM入射方向平行时,耦合效应最弱,但此时耦合进入腔体内的能量还是很容易达到多种电子元器件的电磁损伤阈值级别。     

谈新闻媒体对警卫工作的影响

警卫工作与新闻媒体有着广泛的联系,新闻媒体对警卫工作具有重大影响,警卫部门要科学利用新闻媒体,充分发挥其积极作用。     

依据心理学原理激发学生的学习动机

学习动机是直接推动学生进行学习的内部动力,学习动机与学习成绩显著相关,是学生学业的一个重要决定因素。兴趣、自我效能感、学习的价值感等内在动机对学习的作用更直接有效,而目标、教师期望、表扬和奖励等外部激励如果使用得当同样可以对学习产生积极的影响。根据心理学原理,我们可以通过培养学生对学习的兴趣、帮助学生建立自我效能感、养成正确的学习价值观、树立有效的学习目标、给予学生合理的期望等方法,来培养和激发学生的学习动机。     

Analysis of a finite‐buffer bulk‐service queue with discrete‐Markovian arrival process: D‐MAP/Ga,b/1/N

Discrete‐time queues with D‐MAP arrival process are more useful in modeling and performance analysis of telecommunication networks based on the ATM environment. This paper analyzes a finite‐buffer discrete‐time queue with general bulk‐service rule, wherein the arrival process is D‐MAP and service times are arbitrarily and independently distributed. The distributions of buffer contents at various epochs (departure, random, and prearrival) have been obtained using imbedded Markov chain and supplementary variable methods. Finally, some performance measures such as loss probability and average delay are discussed. Numerical results are also presented in some cases. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 50: 345–363, 2003.     

Scheduling jobs with piecewise linear decreasing processing times

We study the problems of scheduling a set of nonpreemptive jobs on a single or multiple machines without idle times where the processing time of a job is a piecewise linear nonincreasing function of its start time. The objectives are the minimization of makespan and minimization of total job completion time. The single machine problems are proved to be NP‐hard, and some properties of their optimal solutions are established. A pseudopolynomial time algorithm is constructed for makespan minimization. Several heuristics are derived for both total completion time and makespan minimization. Computational experiments are conducted to evaluate their efficiency. NP‐hardness proofs and polynomial time algorithms are presented for some special cases of the parallel machine problems. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 50: 531–554, 2003     

舰炮火控系统反应时间与精度关系的仿真

对舰炮火控系统中反应时间和系统精度之间的关系做了简要的介绍,并论述了舰炮火控系统中时间和精度之间复杂的关系,通过分析采样点数和误差之间的关系,结合采样点数和系统反应时间之间的联系以及误差与系统精度之间的联系,引出反应时间与精度之间的某种关系,最后对从接收目标指示到给出射击诸元这个过程的各个时间段与其相对应的精度之间的关系进行计算机仿真。