A note on scheduling parallel machines subject to breakdown and repair

In this paper we consider n jobs and a number of machines in parallel. The machines are identical and subject to breakdown and repair. The number may therefore vary over time and is at time t equal to m(t). Preemptions are allowed. We consider three objectives, namely, the total completion time, ∑ C_j, the makespan C_max, and the maximum lateness L_max. We study the conditions on m(t) under which various rules minimize the objective functions under consideration. We analyze cases when the jobs have deadlines to meet and when the jobs are subject to precedence constraints. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2004.     

An FPTAS for scheduling a two‐machine flowshop with one unavailability interval

We study a deterministic two‐machine flowshop scheduling problem with an assumption that one of the two machines is not available in a specified time period. This period can be due to a breakdown, preventive maintenance, or processing unfinished jobs from a previous planning horizon. The problem is known to be NP‐hard. Pseudopolynomial dynamic programming algorithms and heuristics with worst case error bounds are given in the literature to solve the problem. They are different for the cases when the unavailability interval is for the first or second machine. The existence of a fully polynomial time approximation scheme (FPTAS) was formulated as an open conjecture in the literature. In this paper, we show that the two cases of the problem under study are equivalent to similar partition type problems. Then we derive a generic FPTAS for the latter problems with O(n⁵/ε⁴) time complexity. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2004.     

面向AL的战略级仓库备件供应优化方法

针对维修备件供应保障费用较高、管理难度较大等问题,借助自主式保障(AL)理念设计了面向AL的维修备件调度与供应优化框架,提出面向AL的战略级仓库维修备件供应优化思路。在此基础上,为了解决战略级仓库备件供应路线规划不科学、弥补半定量经验方法不足的情况,建立了带混合时间窗的多供应地——多需求地维修备件供应路线优化模型,设计了求解模型的GA-SA混合算法。最后运用算例进行了说明。     

基于排队论模型的轮询协议数据链系统时延分析

基于数据链系统的作战方式已经成为了现代化战场的主流,战争中战机稍纵即逝,因此,分析数据链系统的信息传输时延特性意义重大。针对数据链系统信息传输时延问题,分析了数据链系统传输命令消息,目标消息以及中继消息的一般过程,并给出了排队论模型。根据排队论的相关知识得到了轮询协议数据链传输时延的公式,最后利用仿真软件进行了分析研究。     

直接力/气动力复合控制系统的有限时间镇定

考虑到复合控制系统中,直接力的离散特性会使系统的设计复杂化。针对采用姿控式直/气复合控制的导弹,基于有限时间稳定理论,引入辅助滑模面,研究其控制系统的有限时间镇定,得到一个受控良好的复合控制系统。在此基础上,利用辅助模糊控制,对系统不确定性进行估计,进一步改善了复合系统的控制品质。最后以俯仰通道为例,对所提出的方法进行仿真,结果验证了该方法的有效性。     

基于配置管理的软件维护性评估

对软件质量进行定量化管理是软件工程领域的趋势,也是软件质量保证的重要手段。针对软件维护性定量评估难、数据获取难的问题,分析了软件维护性受配置管理关键要素的影响,提出利用配置管理数据对软件维护性间接评估的方法。结合软件工程开发实际,建立了配置管理数据收集过程,利用维护时间作为参数,统计5类功能点维护时间对软件维护性进行度量,实现了软件维护性的定量评估,并利用实际项目对方法的可行性和有效性进行了验证。     

微陀螺仪检测平衡回路建立与验证

基于梳齿电容微结构,分析了电压驱动梳齿电容振动产生静电力的工作原理;针对微陀螺仪开环直接检测的不足,采用静电力平衡哥氏力的方法构建平衡回路,抑制哥氏振动。提取了微陀螺仪哥氏输出信号振动幅值;以哥氏振动幅值为控制量,设计了微陀螺仪检测平衡回路。仿真和实验表明构建的检测平衡回路能够有效地平衡哥氏力,抑制哥氏振动,使质量块回到平衡位置,微陀螺仪标度因数线性度和对称性有显著提高,测量范围、阈值和分辨率等性能均有不同程度改善。     

Combining standardized time series area and Cramér–von Mises variance estimators

We propose three related estimators for the variance parameter arising from a steady‐state simulation process. All are based on combinations of standardized‐time‐series area and Cramér–von Mises (CvM) estimators. The first is a straightforward linear combination of the area and CvM estimators; the second resembles a Durbin–Watson statistic; and the third is related to a jackknifed version of the first. The main derivations yield analytical expressions for the bias and variance of the new estimators. These results show that the new estimators often perform better than the pure area, pure CvM, and benchmark nonoverlapping and overlapping batch means estimators, especially in terms of variance and mean squared error. We also give exact and Monte Carlo examples illustrating our findings.© 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2007     

Optimal burn‐in procedure for periodically inspected systems

Burn‐in is a widely used method to improve the quality of products or systems after they have been produced. In this paper, we study burn‐in procedure for a system that is maintained under periodic inspection and perfect repair policy. Assuming that the underlying lifetime distribution of a system has an initially decreasing and/or eventually increasing failure rate function, we derive upper and lower bounds for the optimal burn‐in time, which maximizes the system availability. Furthermore, adopting an age replacement policy, we derive upper and lower bounds for the optimal age parameter of the replacement policy for each fixed burn‐in time and a uniform upper bound for the optimal burn‐in time given the age replacement policy. These results can be used to reduce the numerical work for determining both optimal burn‐in time and optimal replacement policy. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2007     

时延分布式控制系统的Truetime仿真分析

针对航空发动机分布式控制系统的时延问题,应用Matlab的Truetime工具箱,设计了控制系统仿真分析平台,分析了时延对系统稳定性的影响。首先针对一类应用状态反馈的控制系统,分析了存在传感器到控制器单侧时延的情况下,系统保持稳定的充分条件。在此基础上,以某型航空发动机为例,基于Truetime工具箱设计了分布式控制仿真系统,分析了不同的时延条件对系统稳定性的影响。仿真结果与理论分析结果一致,证明了系统的有效性。