地方物流资源动员研究

物流是将国民经济转化为军事战斗力的桥梁和纽带,是支援战争、保障军事行动胜利的重要前提。物流资源决定着物流能力的大小和物流水平的高低,而地方物流资源动员则决定着军事物流活动的效率和效果。从地方物流资源动员的内涵着手,分析了其重大意义,总结归纳了当前存在的突出问题,并就提高地方物流资源动员效益的方法举措进行了探析。     

Externalities in Military Spending and Growth: The Role of Natural Resources as a Channel through Conflict

This investigation re-examines the potential sources of positive externalities for the relationship between military spending and economic growth using recent advances in panel estimation methods and a large data-set on military expenditure. The investigation provides a new analysis on the relationship between conflict, corruption, natural resources and military expenditure and their direct and indirect effects on economic growth. The analysis finds that the impact of military expenditure on growth is generally negative as in the literature, but that it is not significantly detrimental for countries facing higher internal threats and for countries with large natural resource wealth once corruption levels are accounted for.     

基于预设模板的系统动态构建与集成技术

针对动态变化的军事任务保障需求,以及信息系统构建过程中所面临的资源动态聚合、功能动态组合、环境动态适应等问题,基于网络化计算与存储环境,利用资源封装、软件仓储等技术,提出一种基于预设模板的信息系统动态构建与集成方法和过程,并通过构建基础环境和方向联指等应用实例开展试验验证,结果表明该方法可有效支撑军事信息系统的柔性组合,大幅提升系统开设效率。     

陆军战术部队用天体系能力研究

以未来信息化战场联合作战为背景,强调天基资源在陆军战术部队作战体系中的重要地位,深入分析美国陆军天基资源运用现状和能力形成途径,从陆军装备转型建设实际需求出发,研究陆军用天(基)体系架构,阐述体系能力特征。     

Equality and diversity in the British armed forces: progress,challenges and prospects

The UK's changing political and legal landscape since 2000 reflecting transformations in wider society have elevated equality and diversity (E&D) issues to prominence in the public sector, including in the British armed forces. This research highlights key developments in the British military in relation to E&D, focusing both on areas of progress, and on the challenges still confronting the Forces. The findings reveal that the Forces have made significant strides in advancing E&D through the implementation of a range of policy initiatives but the persistence of discrimination, developments in the wider environment and the dilemmas raised by the strands of age and disability pose challenges. The value of this research is to increase our understanding of diversity management in a public sector institution that has been under-researched and views itself as “different,” and will be of interest to policymakers, E&D practitioners and academics in the field.     

对武警学院原生文献资源建设管理的几点思考

原生文献是一所学校成立以来,在教学、科研及各项管理工作中产生的特色文献资源。以武警学院为例,从原生文献的基本概念入手,对原生文献资源建设的意义以及如何进行原生文献资源建设等方面进行了一些探讨。     

构建土地资源管理专业人才培养方案与体系的探讨

本文以石河子大学理学院新审批土地资源管理专业为例,根据土地科学的学科性质和土地管理实际工作对人才规格的需求,结合兵团实际,主要从人才培养目标定位、课程体系构建,师资队伍培养、实践教学体系及实践教学平台搭建等四个方面对该专业人才培养方案与体系进行了初步的探索与实践。     

Market reactions to regulations on minerals from the democratic republic of the Congo

Using an event study approach to analyze stock market data from the United States, I investigate how regulations on conflict minerals sourced in the Democratic Republic of the Congo were perceived by investors. I find that for a subset of mining companies, stock returns were abnormally high when regulations in the US became more likely. I also find that returns were higher for communications equipment manufacturing companies when strong regulations in the DRC were announced. I argue that these responses were due to the competitive environments faced by each of these company types. These findings relate to debates surrounding the effects of the conflict mineral regulations. While some critics argue that reporting requirements were tantamount to a ban on minerals from the DRC, I find that stock returns for a subset of companies were sensitive to legislation in the DRC after legislation became law in the US, suggesting that market participants did not expect a complete trade ban on regulated mining and trading activities.     

Natural resource degradation and conflict in the East African pastoral drylands

Based on a literature review, this article examines the dynamics in pastoral systems, natural resource conservation and conflict in the drylands of East Africa. It argues that, in the context of East Africa, pastoralism and biodiversity conservation in general are distinct forms of land use that are complementary rather than competitive. The present state of natural resource degradation in the drylands is explained in terms of factors related to ecological and demographic pressures, land use conflicts and inefficient land administration policies. When the customary pastoral institutions of land administration and resource management are threatened, the problem of degradation is further exacerbated and violent conflicts occur among multiple resource users, including pastoralists, farmers and the state. The article recommends the revitalisation, empowerment and recognition of pastoral institutions in a way that ensures effective synergy between the formal and customary structures of resource governance.     

Screening multi-dimensional heterogeneous populations for infectious diseases under scarce testing resources,with application to COVID-19

Testing provides essential information for managing infectious disease outbreaks, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. When testing resources are scarce, an important managerial decision is who to test. This decision is compounded by the fact that potential testing subjects are heterogeneous in multiple dimensions that are important to consider, including their likelihood of being disease-positive, and how much potential harm would be averted through testing and the subsequent interventions. To increase testing coverage, pooled testing can be utilized, but this comes at a cost of increased false-negatives when the test is imperfect. Then, the decision problem is to partition the heterogeneous testing population into three mutually exclusive sets: those to be individually tested, those to be pool tested, and those not to be tested. Additionally, the subjects to be pool tested must be further partitioned into testing pools, potentially containing different numbers of subjects. The objectives include the minimization of harm (through detection and mitigation) or maximization of testing coverage. We develop data-driven optimization models and algorithms to design pooled testing strategies, and show, via a COVID-19 contact tracing case study, that the proposed testing strategies can substantially outperform the current practice used for COVID-19 contact tracing (individually testing those contacts with symptoms). Our results demonstrate the substantial benefits of optimizing the testing design, while considering the multiple dimensions of population heterogeneity and the limited testing capacity.