Damage of multi-layer spaced metallic target plates impacted by radial layered PELE

Three different kinds of PELE (the penetrator with lateral efficiency) were launched by ballistic artillery to impact the multi-layer spaced metal target plates. The impact velocities of the projectiles were measured by the velocity measuring system. The damage degree and process of each layer of target plate impacted by the three kinds of projectiles were analyzed. The experimental results show that all the three kinds of projectiles have the effect of expanding holes on the multi-layer spaced metal target plates. For the normal structure PELE(without layered) with tungsten alloy jacket and the radial layered PELE with tungsten alloy jacket, the diameters of holes on the second layer of plates are 3.36 times and 3.76 times of the diameter of the projectile, respectively. For radial layered PELE with W/Zr-based amorphous composite jacket, due to the large number of tungsten wires dispersed after the impact, the diameter of the holes on the four-layer spaced plates can reach 2.4 times, 3.04 times, 5.36 times and 2.68 times of the diameter of the projectile. Besides, the normal structure PELE with tungsten alloy jacket and the radial layered PELE whit tungsten alloy jacket formed a large number of fragments impact marks on the third target plate. Although the number of fragments penetrating the third target plate is not as large as that of the normal structure PELE, the area of dispersion of fragments impact craters on the third target plate is larger by the radial layered PELE. The radial layered PELE with W/Zr-based amorphous composite jacket released a lot of heat energy due to the impact of the matrix material, and formed a large area of ablation marks on the last three target plates.     

Numerical investigation of dynamic interaction with projectile and harmonic behaviour for T-finned machine gun barrels

Machine gun barrels differ from their rifle counterparts in terms of profile. To support high rates of sustained fire, machine gun barrels are made thicker in order to dissipate more heat and maintain their flexural rigidity and thus accuracy, but on other hand they also contribute in weight addition to weapon. This investigation deals with comparison between a conventional machine gun barrel and an improved innovative design having T-fins, both having same weight and chambered in 5.56 × 45 NATO ammunition, to compare their structural and harmonic characteristics which were parameterized by factors such as modal spectrum, directional deformation at muzzle ends during a single shot fire and harmonic behaviour at corresponding range of exciting frequencies. The solid models of both the barrels having same weight, were created using Solidworks. The continuous input data functions were generated by MATLAB using the field tested discreet data points. The generated velocity-distance functions were converted into time dependent functions using integration algorithms to calculate transient parameters such as time steps, excitation frequency range, angle of rotation of projectile and its angular velocity. The dynamic condition simulated the varying nature of forces due to eccentricity in projectile and this data was fed to a time step study using ANSYS transient structural work bench followed by modal and harmonic analysis. The results showed a significant reduction in muzzle end deformation which thus proved that the T-finned barrel, although had same weight as that of the conventional one, but had better structural and harmonic characteristics, and hence it would inherit better firing accuracy.     

基于云重心评判法的炮兵指挥训练水平评估

炮兵指挥训练水平指标体系中,既有精确数值型表示的,又有语言值来描述的,给评估指标的数据处理带来了一定的困难。云重心评判法能较好地处理该类既有定性指标,又有定量指标的综合评价问题。构建了炮兵师(旅)指挥训练水平评估体系,详细介绍了运用云重心评判法来实现炮兵指挥训练水平评估的具体步骤。结合指挥决策指标体系实例,验证了该方法的有效。该方法具有一定的推广意义。     

对消防部队开展基地化训练的思考

在论述公安消防部队开展基地化训练必要性和迫切性的基础上,分析了当前在建设消防部队训练基地和开展基地化训练过程中存在的问题,提出了消防训练基地建设、以训练基地为平台实施基地化训练、开展网上训练为基地化训练奠定基础的基本构思,并剖析了实施基地化训练应注意的问题。     

解析美国大学TESL硕士培养的主要课程与设置理据——以曼卡托明尼苏达州立大学为例

把英语作为第二语言的教学是20世纪60年代在美国兴起并逐步走向独立的科目,它在综合相关专业的同时正在朝专业化方向发展。近年来其硕士层面的教育为全球培养了大量合格的中小学英语教师,取得了较好的成绩。本文以曼卡托明尼苏达州立大学英语系为例,并结合笔者在该系攻读TESL硕士学位时的经历,解析其主要课程及设置理据。     

影响队列训练质量因素探析

队列训练是军队基础训练的重要内容,对培养军人服从意识、塑造军人形象、磨练优良的意志品质具有重要作用。但在训练实施过程中有诸多主观、客观因素对训练质量产生影响。根据训练经验和一些调查数据,对影响队列训练质量的因素进行探讨和分析。     

核心力量训练在手榴弹立姿投掷中的应用

核心力量训练作为现代体能训练的重要内容,近年来引起了国内许多体育界研究者的高度重视,已取得了一定的研究成果。但是,在部队的手榴弹立姿投掷训练课目中尚未引入这一训练理念。本文通过阐述与核心力量训练相关的概念、手榴弹立姿投掷核心力量训练的作用,总结出适用于部队实际、开展手榴弹立姿投掷核心力量训练的方法和原则。     

基于认知实验的虚拟维修训练效果评估研究

为了客观、准确地评估虚拟维修训练系统的训练效果,从实验的角度出发,提出了基于认知实验的虚拟维修训练效果评估方法。首先,分析了虚拟维修训练的评估现状;其次,重点阐述了该方法的实施步骤,并通过对比维修人员基于传统训练手段和虚拟维修训练手段的考试成绩,评估训练系统的训练效果,为系统的改进、优化以及下一步的推广使用提供了重要的理论依据;最后,通过实例分析,验证了该方法的可行性和科学性.     

装甲兵模拟训练系统体系架构

近年来,装甲兵模拟系统建设和模拟化训练有了长足的发展,但仍然存在缺乏顶层规划、标准不一、资源不共享、模块不重用、体系不完整等诸多问题。基于体系工程建设理念,探索了装甲兵模拟训练系统体系架构,主要考虑了顶层设计,重点放在了系统的组成结构、相互关系,从总体上把握体系的整体功能、需要解决的问题,采取的技术路线。实践表明,体系架构独立于系统的具体实现技术,保证了各组成部分可以通过重用、重组等方式来适应不同阶段、不同目标和领域的装甲兵模拟训练需求,提高了系统的利用效率,降低了模拟训练系统的开发成本。     

信息化条件下实战化训练动因探析

文章分析了信息化条件下实战化训练的源动力、决定性因素、作战实践需求和军事理论牵引创新等因素,从理论上回答了信息化条件下实战化训练动因问题。