Governmental Re-organization in Counterinsurgency Context: Foreign Policy Program Transfer and Operation Switchback in South Vietnam

Foreign policy program transfer, the shifting of implementation responsibility for a foreign policy program from one organization to another, is a ubiquitous, yet under-studied, counterinsurgency phenomenon. This article conceptually develops program transfer as an important object of study; analyzes, using archival sources, an empirical case of program transfer, Operation Switchback, drawn from US counterinsurgency practice in South Vietnam; and formulates two preliminary theoretical claims related to program transfer: (1) transferred programs will tend to be altered in accordance with the characteristics of the gaining organization, and (2) program transfer may act as a signal or early-warning indicator of foreign policy change.     

星载光学遥感成像系统复杂性分析

为研究星载光学遥感成像系统的复杂性,由复杂系统的基本特征与系统研究的基本原则出发,通过对成像全链路流程的分析,确定光学遥感成像系统的复杂性来源及其表现形式。建立星载光学成像的数学模型,以系统重要参数——调制传递函数为基点,通过正过程建模分析和逆过程测量计算相结合的方式,分析了系统复杂性研究的基本原则,即还原论与整体论相结合、定性与定量相结合的过程。由正、逆过程的对比分析,一方面阐述了系统性能与各个环节参数之间的关系,另一方面又由正则化盲反卷积的方式得到图像中真实的调制传递函数。二者相辅相成,既能通过补偿系统复杂性因素影响提升系统性能,又能进一步指导系统优化设计。     

双二体几何切面法及天梯地月转移轨道分析

双二体模型是求解地月转移轨道的重要基础。与传统的采用月球影响球入口点经纬度的描述方式不同,本文提出一种基于飞行轨道面参数来描述地月转移轨道的双二体模型几何表达方式,结合一维非线性方程求根算法Brent算法和Lambert原理,将原始三维球面搜索算法降维成为二维圆上的搜索算法,可以高效求解地月转移轨道的形状参数。为避免重复计算,将转移轨道窗口计算的轨道多变量搜索问题解耦分解成两个子问题——转移轨道形状参数求解问题和转移轨道面空间定向问题,降低了问题的求解维度。形成两级并行计算算法,充分发挥多核计算机算力,加速计算过程。仿真结果表明,基于提出的并行圆锥曲线几何切面法,可以成功应用于计算天梯地月转移轨道分析。     

Growth and Fiscal Consequences of Terrorism in Nigeria

Abstract

In spite of government counter-terrorism expenditure and efforts, the incidence of terrorism in Nigeria appears to be rising. This paper examines the growth and fiscal consequences of terrorism in Nigeria by estimating the terrorism–macroeconomy relation using different measures of terror incidence. The results show that terrorism has an economically and statistically significant negative impact on growth; although this impact is considerably small and short-lived, manifesting only after a lag of about three years. Specifically, the cost of terrorism to Nigeria, in terms of lost GDP per annum, is estimated at 0.82%. Moreover, there is evidence that terrorism leads to the reallocation of economic activity away from private investment spending to government spending; that is, terrorism crowds out investment at a higher rate than its potential to crowd in government spending. Lastly, terrorism alters the composition of government expenditure – with the defence component of government expenditure rising vis-a-vis other expenditure items. The results are robust to allowing for dynamic interactions between terrorism and macroeconomic aggregates.     

热推力器层板换热芯流固耦合传热与流动仿真

热推进技术采用小分子量气体作为推进剂可以获取较高的比冲,是具有巨大应用前景的空间推进技术,而提高热推力器换热芯换热效率是目前亟待解决的问题。本文设计了基于层板结构的换热芯,结合层板结构的传热特点与流固耦合传热理论,对层板换热芯传热和工质流动进行了模拟计算。根据耦合传热理论,将层板与工质的导热简化为系统内部边界条件,通过仿真计算得到了层板流固耦合温度场和流场分布特性,工质可以被加热至2300K以上,验证了层板结构用于热推力器换热芯的有效性。     

Riccati传递矩阵法在潜艇结构强度和稳定性分析中的应用

运用Riccati传递矩阵方法,建立了旋转壳单元的场传递矩阵,推导了肋骨和母线倾角不连续位置的点传递矩阵,在推导中考虑了肋骨各方向可能的变形,编制了用于分析组合加肋旋转壳应力和稳定性的计算机程序(应力程序SAPRi,稳定性程序BAPRi)。利用SAPRi程序和BAPRi程序对潜艇耐压结构的典型结构算例进行了应力和稳定性分析,并将计算结果与理论结果或商用软件(MSC/NASTRAN)的计算结果进行比较,表明该程序结果正确可信,计算速度快,适合于工程应用。     

数据系统脱机数传的探讨

利用单片机的特点,提出了PC机、单片机、数据传输系统的前后台控制方式,使主机（后台）与从机（前台）在运行上彼此独立,较好地解决了PC机与低速外设速度不匹配的问题。     

光学传递函数的视频信号傅里叶变换测量法

基于传统的光学传递函数测试方法的缺陷,提出视频信号傅里叶变换测量法,给出了该测量法的理论依据和测试系统模型.该方法利用计算机技术,将常规的用硬件完成的傅式变换,改用计算机软件完成.     

快速传送语法的设计与实现

国际标准化组织提出的抽象语法ASN-1和传送语法ASN-BER功能强,通用灵活,但在一般实现中存在编码效率低和开销大的缺点。本文讨论提高编码效率和速度的一般方法,以及描述快速传送语法的设计与实现技术。     

考虑损耗情况下定子绕组传输特性

提出了考虑损耗情况下定子绕组传输特性的多导体传输线理论计算方法,该方法能考虑匝间电容、匝间互感的影响。应用于一具体电机样机,在较宽频率范围内,计算结果与实测结果一致