热推力器层板换热芯流固耦合传热与流动仿真

热推进技术采用小分子量气体作为推进剂可以获取较高的比冲,是具有巨大应用前景的空间推进技术,而提高热推力器换热芯换热效率是目前亟待解决的问题。本文设计了基于层板结构的换热芯,结合层板结构的传热特点与流固耦合传热理论,对层板换热芯传热和工质流动进行了模拟计算。根据耦合传热理论,将层板与工质的导热简化为系统内部边界条件,通过仿真计算得到了层板流固耦合温度场和流场分布特性,工质可以被加热至2300K以上,验证了层板结构用于热推力器换热芯的有效性。     

一种简化的弹道方程模型研究

弹丸在飞行过程中受到空气动力的作用,空气动力的系数也难以确定,这造成弹丸运动方程非常复杂.从空气动力对弹丸的作用效果出发来分析空气动力的变化,然后根据弹丸在飞行过程中受到的空气动力提出了一种简化的弹道方程模型,并通过对某射表的分析计算验证其有效性.     

高空远程滑翔UUV减速段弹道仿真与分析

高空远程滑翔UUV技术是一种集高空滑翔与水下航行于一体的综合技术研究,减速段弹道是高空远程滑翔UUV弹道流程中的重要部分.通过建立高空滑翔UUV的六自由度数学模型,在Matlab/Simulink环境下对减速段弹道进行了运动仿真与分析.采用火箭反推减速方案对UUV进行减速,根据UUV入水条件要求设置初始条件,仿真结果显示UUV能满足入水条件要求,证明了此方案的可行性.并对影响减速段弹道的因素:反推力的大小、反推力作用时间、反推火箭安装位置进行了仿真与分析,对以后的进一步研究具有指导意义.     

助推-滑翔飞行器可达区域影响因素研究

利用Radau伪谱法将连续的助推-滑翔飞行器轨迹优化问题转化为非线性规划问题,通过仿真得到了飞行器完整的可达区域,着重分析了升阻比、终端速度以及终端倾角对飞行器可达区域的影响.研究结果表明,可达区域呈现出类椭圆结构,其地理区域覆盖能力由助推火箭关机点速度决定;与终端倾角对飞行器可达区域的影响相比,飞行器升阻比特性和终端速度的影响相对较大.     

利用对比度最优准则的压控振荡器调频非线性误差估计与校正方法

针对压控振荡器调频非线性误差的准确估计与校正问题,提出一种以一维距离像对比度最优为准则的自适应估计与校正方法。本方法建立引入温度变量的压控振荡器频率特性模型,并据此估计出某一温度值对应的调频非线性误差,在对中频回波进行误差补偿和一维脉压后,以一维距离像的对比度最优作为迭代收敛准则,实现调频非线性误差的最优估计与校正。仿真和实测数据结果表明,该方法充分考虑了温度因素对压控振荡器输出频率的影响,能够在不增加硬件复杂度的前提下,通过算法实现对调频非线性误差的估计、跟踪与补偿。与传统基于硬件电路进行估计或校正的方法相比,新方法无需由硬件组成闭环估计通道,且具有实时性强、运算量小、补偿精度高的优点,对于克服实际工程应用中压控振荡器器件的参数漂移问题具有重要指导意义。     

基于GPS的弹道修正弹驱动控制器系统

针对目前国内二维弹道修正处于起步阶段和一维弹道修正处于研制阶段,提出了一种基于距离及精度二次修正执行机构的驱动控制器,该驱动控制器模块是一种新型的修正组件控制模块,详细介绍了修正组件控制器的工作原理、修正原理和硬件电路设计。硬件电路设计主要包括升压电路、四路起爆电路和异或门电路。每路起爆电路可以独立控制一个阻尼片。该控制器可以完成多种模式的修正,不仅可以完成弹道修正弹的一维一次和一维二次距离修正,还可以完成弹道修正弹的二维修正。     

高速行进坦克身管速度对射击精度影响

坦克在高速行进时,由于路面谱等外部激励的影响,车体姿态和运动状态都会发生变化。由于车体的振动和随动系统的控制误差等,致使坦克火炮在射击时身管前端存在一定的速度扰动。原有解命中问题的条件中未考虑这一速度扰动的影响,使得坦克在高速行进条件下的目标提前点预测产生误差。通过建立外弹道模型,较准确地仿真分析了这一误差的大小和对射击精度的影响。     

基于案例推理的装甲装备故障排除方法

针对装备维修对实践经验的依赖以及经验的隐性化特点,重点对故障案例的表示及案例库组织进行研究,奠定案例检索的基础,优化基于案例推理的装甲装备故障排除方法。     

Revisiting the Defense–Growth nexus in European countries

This study revisits the long run and dynamic causal linkages between defense spending and economic growth in 15 selected European countries for the period 1988–2010 by utilizing recent developments in non-stationary panel data analysis. To this end, the series properties of per capita defense spending, per capita real capita stocks, and per capita real GDP are investigated by the panel unit root tests with and without breaks that support evidence on unit root. The panel cointegration tests with and without breaks are also subsequently employed to investigate whether there exists a long-run equilibrium relationship between these three variables. Finally, our causality analysis from panel vector error-correction model suggests that there is a feedback relation between real capital stock and real GDP in both short and long run, a one-way Granger causality running from real GDP to defense spending in both short and long run, and defense spending only Granger causes real capital stock in the long run.     

Growth and Fiscal Consequences of Terrorism in Nigeria

Abstract

In spite of government counter-terrorism expenditure and efforts, the incidence of terrorism in Nigeria appears to be rising. This paper examines the growth and fiscal consequences of terrorism in Nigeria by estimating the terrorism–macroeconomy relation using different measures of terror incidence. The results show that terrorism has an economically and statistically significant negative impact on growth; although this impact is considerably small and short-lived, manifesting only after a lag of about three years. Specifically, the cost of terrorism to Nigeria, in terms of lost GDP per annum, is estimated at 0.82%. Moreover, there is evidence that terrorism leads to the reallocation of economic activity away from private investment spending to government spending; that is, terrorism crowds out investment at a higher rate than its potential to crowd in government spending. Lastly, terrorism alters the composition of government expenditure – with the defence component of government expenditure rising vis-a-vis other expenditure items. The results are robust to allowing for dynamic interactions between terrorism and macroeconomic aggregates.