弯曲载荷作用下复合材料T型接头的失效分析

运用蔡-吴逐步失效判据和黏聚接触模型建立弯曲加载下的T型接头的有限元模型。对复合材料T型接头在弯曲加载下的损伤机理和承载能力进行数值模拟。结合静态弯曲加载实验,揭示T型接头在弯曲破坏过程中的四种失效模式。T型接头的弯曲失效载荷的有限元模型计算结果与实测值吻合较好。     

基于高原发动机应用的富氧膜组件操作性能研究

发动机富氧进气燃烧对于高原车辆节能减排具有重要意义,膜法富氧是发动机上应用富氧装置的最佳方式。建立了富氧膜组件评定装置,分析了压力方式下压比、进气量和回收率对膜组件性能的影响,确定了压力方式下富氧膜组件的最佳操作条件,比较了不同应用形式下膜组件性能和功率消耗。试验结果表明：压差是影响膜组件透气量的主要因素,随着渗透端真空度的增加,单位压差产生氧流量的效率提高,增加渗透端真空度可显著提高渗透绝对氧流量。混合方式是膜组件在发动机上应用的最佳形式。     

恒速航行原理的数学证明与分析

提出并证明了船舶经济航行的基本原理———恒速航行原理 .先将实际船舶航行中最经济航行的航速选择这个一般性问题抽象成纯数学问题 :在规定的时间内从A地航行到B地 ,如何选择航速以使推进系统总耗功最省 ;然后在数学上证明恒速航行原理 ,即恒速航行是船舶经济航行唯一的选择 ;最后 ,将该原理推广到其它交通手段 ,如车辆行驶和飞机飞行     

Contractual agreements for coordination and vendor‐managed delivery under explicit transportation considerations

We consider the coordination problem between a vendor and a buyer operating under generalized replenishment costs that include fixed costs as well as stepwise freight costs. We study the stochastic demand, single‐period setting where the buyer must decide on the order quantity to satisfy random demand for a single item with a short product life cycle. The full order for the cycle is placed before the cycle begins and no additional orders are accepted by the vendor. Due to the nonrecurring nature of the problem, the vendor's replenishment quantity is determined by the buyer's order quantity. Consequently, by using an appropriate pricing schedule to influence the buyer's ordering behavior, there is an opportunity for the vendor to achieve substantial savings from transportation expenses, which are represented in the generalized replenishment cost function. For the problem of interest, we prove that the vendor's expected profit is not increasing in buyer's order quantity. Therefore, unlike the earlier work in the area, it is not necessarily profitable for the vendor to encourage larger order quantities. Using this nontraditional result, we demonstrate that the concept of economies of scale may or may not work by identifying the cases where the vendor can increase his/her profits either by increasing or decreasing the buyer's order quantity. We prove useful properties of the expected profit functions in the centralized and decentralized models of the problem, and we utilize these properties to develop alternative incentive schemes for win–win solutions. Our analysis allows us to quantify the value of coordination and, hence, to identify additional opportunities for the vendor to improve his/her profits by potentially turning a nonprofitable transaction into a profitable one through the use of an appropriate tariff schedule or a vendor‐managed delivery contract. We demonstrate that financial gain associated with these opportunities is truly tangible under a vendor‐managed delivery arrangement that potentially improves the centralized solution. Although we take the viewpoint of supply chain coordination and our goal is to provide insights about the effect of transportation considerations on the channel coordination objective and contractual agreements, the paper also contributes to the literature by analyzing and developing efficient approaches for solving the centralized problem with stepwise freight costs in the single‐period setting. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2006     

Algorithms for the multi‐item multi‐vehicles dynamic lot sizing problem

We consider a two‐stage supply chain, in which multi‐items are shipped from a manufacturing facility or a central warehouse to a downstream retailer that faces deterministic external demand for each of the items over a finite planning horizon. The items are shipped through identical capacitated vehicles, each incurring a fixed cost per trip. In addition, there exist item‐dependent variable shipping costs and inventory holding costs at the retailer for items stored at the end of the period; these costs are constant over time. The sum of all costs must be minimized while satisfying the external demand without backlogging. In this paper we develop a search algorithm to solve the problem optimally. Our search algorithm, although exponential in the worst case, is very efficient empirically due to new properties of the optimal solution that we found, which allow us to restrict the number of solutions examined. Second, we perform a computational study that compares the empirical running time of our search methods to other available exact solution methods to the problem. Finally, we characterize the conditions under which each of the solution methods is likely to be faster than the others and suggest efficient heuristic solutions that we recommend using when the problem is large in all dimensions. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2006.     

改革大学英语教学模式 提高学生语言运用能力

大学英语在大学课程设置中是一门十分重要课程.但现行的教学模式制约着学生语用能力的发挥和提高.研究现行大学英语教学模式中出现的弊端,并探索大学英语教学改革的措施有助于大学英语的教学工作.     

Analysis of down times of jib cranes—A stochastic approach

In this paper a case study dealing with the maintenance problem of jib cranes is presented. A jib crane is viewed as a complex system whose performance is observed as a single realization over period of time. After pointing out limitations of existing stochastic models to analyze the observed realization a new family of bivariate stochastic processes is introduced. The data of jib crane is analyzed using new model and cross‐validated using part of the data set. It is noted that the new family of stochastic processes is useful to analyze bivariate data where one of the variables is finitely valued and the other is nonnegative and continuous. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 49: 231–243, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/nav.10006     

Transporting jobs through a two‐machine open shop

We consider the two‐machine open shop scheduling problem in which the jobs are brought to the system by a single transporter and moved between the processing machines by the same transporter. The purpose is to split the jobs into batches and to find the sequence of moves of the transporter so that the time by which the completed jobs are collected together on board the transporter is minimal. We present a ‐approximation algorithm. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 2009     

小子样多失效模式系统可靠性竞争模型

为解决小子样多失效模式系统可靠性模型参数的估计问题,首先应用支持向量积建立小子样条件下各故障模式的规律模型,其次利用模型将各故障模式的故障数据由小子样扩充成大样本,再次采用常规的参数估算方法估算各故障模式的分布参数,最后建立多失效模式系统的可靠性竞争模型。利用所提方法,建立了小子样条件下具有两种失效模式的柴油机汽缸套可靠性竞争模型,计算结果与大样本条件下的故障预测数据吻合度较高,说明了方法的有效性。     

顺序输送管道混油浓度PHOENICS数值模拟

针对现有一些顺序输送混油计算公式中存在的问题,在κ-ε紊流模型和使用壁面函数法处理近壁区问题的理论基础上,提出了顺序输送混油新的模型,并利用PHOENICS软件成功地对该模型进行了数值求解.且首次以图像的形式直观地显示出管内的混油浓度分布,并通过浓度曲线的对比,对油品输送次序对混油的影响进行了分析.研究结果表明:计算机模拟能够为顺序输送混油机理的研究提供一个较为准确而便利的手段.同时也对影响混油的其他一些因素(高差、阀件、温度等)的研究提供了参考与帮助.