面向多最优解组合优化问题的决策求解算法

针对具有固定物品总和、多最优解特征的组合优化问题,以固定总和实数子集问题和购买鸡翅问题为例,给出了这类多最优解组合优化问题的形式化表示。在分析枚举等经典算法基础上,提出了基于整数状态表示和实数状态表示的0-1决策递归搜索多最优解动态规划算法。针对该算法在最优解数量较大时,时间复杂度趋向O(mⁿ)的问题,提出了基于相同决策路径合并和基于0-x决策的两种改进算法。实验中两种改进算法的计算时间基本符合与O(nb+nm)的正比关系,表明对于这类多最优解组合优化问题具有良好的求解性能。     

The properties of Sn–Zn–Al–La fusible alloy for mitigation devices of solid propellant rocket motors

The Al and La elements are added to the Sn9Zn alloy to obtain the fusible alloy for the mitigation devices of solid propellant rocket motors. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), metallographic analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), tensile testing and fracture analysis were used to study the effect of Al and La elements on the microstructure, melting characteristics, and mechanical properties of the Sn9Zn alloy. Whether the fusible diaphragm can effectively relieve pressure was investigated by the hydrostatic pressure at high-temperature test. Experimental results show that the melting point of the Sn9Zn-0.8Al0·2La and Sn9Zn–3Al0·2La fusible alloys can meet the predetermined working temperature of ventilation. The mechanical properties of those are more than 35% higher than that of the Sn9Zn alloy at −50 °C–70 °C, and the mechanical strength is reduced by 80% at 175 °C. It is proven by the hydrostatic pressure at high-temperature test that the fusible diaphragm can relieve pressure effectively and can be used for the design of the mitigation devices of solid propellant rocket motors.     

新疆汉语方言区普通话水平测试各等级语音面貌分析

在普通话水平测试(简称为PSC)中严格按照国家语委制定的普通话水平等级标准(试行),对应试人的普通话水平进行界定,是保证测试科学、公平、真实的基础。在普通话水平测试工作中,测试员根据应试人保留或残留的方言语音痕迹进行评分定级,是一个庞大而又细致的研究课题。本文从语音方面入手,对新疆汉语方言区普通话水平测试各等级进行分析,以期准确描述出各等级的语音面貌。     

基于仿真技术的动力装置优化设计技术研究

针对传统动力装置设计方法中存在计算复杂、动态性能难以计算等问题,提出利用动力装置仿真系统来设计船舶动力装置的方法。首先,利用模块化建模原理建立了动力装置各组成部件的数学模型,然后利用C 语言编写了各模型的仿真程序,并建立了动力装置仿真系统。利用该仿真系统对某型船舶的全燃动力装置进行了详细设计,设计过程及结果表明,采用仿真系统来设计动力装置可以准确计算动力装置的动态性能,同时对动力装置各部件的性能参数进行优化。     

FBN和JF402在泡沫洗消剂中的展开作用及其对泡沫性能的影响

研究了FBN、JF402 2种碳氟表面活性剂与发泡剂配伍后形成的水溶液在油面上的铺展及泡沫性能（发泡力和稳定性）。结果表明FBN、JF402的加入可提高体系的铺展能力。FBN的铺展性能好于JF402,但JF402泡沫性能好于FBN。     

系统UUT诊断策略设计的工程化原则与实践

分析了型号系统研制中推广应用“被测对象(UUT,unit under test)测试点与诊断策略设计与分析技术”的必要性和重要性。重点介绍了一种对UUT测试点与诊断策略进行设计与分析的简便有效的工程化方法,以及在应用中的实践经验与体会。     

高层通讯大厦消防设计分析

随着城市的发展和建筑水平的提高,对消防设计提出了越来越高的要求,防火分区的设计尤其重要。针对某高层通讯大厦的消防设计实例进行分析,运用性能化设计方法,探讨利用防火玻璃解决防火分区超大的技术办法。     

Benders decomposition with alternative multiple cuts for a multi‐product closed‐loop supply chain network design model

In this article, we consider a multi‐product closed‐loop supply chain network design problem where we locate collection centers and remanufacturing facilities while coordinating the forward and reverse flows in the network so as to minimize the processing, transportation, and fixed location costs. The problem of interest is motivated by the practice of an original equipment manufacturer in the automotive industry that provides service parts for vehicle maintenance and repair. We provide an effective problem formulation that is amenable to efficient Benders reformulation and an exact solution approach. More specifically, we develop an efficient dual solution approach to generate strong Benders cuts, and, in addition to the classical single Benders cut approach, we propose three different approaches for adding multiple Benders cuts. These cuts are obtained via dual problem disaggregation based either on the forward and reverse flows, or the products, or both. We present computational results which illustrate the superior performance of the proposed solution methodology with multiple Benders cuts in comparison to the branch‐and‐cut approach as well as the traditional Benders decomposition approach with a single cut. In particular, we observe that the use of multiple Benders cuts generates stronger lower bounds and promotes faster convergence to optimality. We also observe that if the model parameters are such that the different costs are not balanced, but, rather, are biased towards one of the major cost categories (processing, transportation or fixed location costs), the time required to obtain the optimal solution decreases considerably when using the proposed solution methodology as well as the branch‐and‐cut approach. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2007     

Efficient generation of cycle time‐throughput curves through simulation and metamodeling

A cycle time‐throughput (CT‐TH) curve, which quantifies the relationship of long‐run average cycle time to throughput rate, plays an important role in strategic planning for manufacturing systems. In this paper, a nonlinear regression metamodel supported by queueing theory is developed to represent the underlying CT‐TH curve implied by a manufacturing simulation model. To estimate the model efficiently, simulation experiments are built up sequentially using a multistage procedure. Extensive numerical experiments are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed procedure. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2007     

Rendez‐vous search on a rectangular lattice

In a rendez‐vous search two or more teams called seekers try to minimize the time needed to find each other. In this paper, we consider s seekers in a rectangular lattice of locations where each knows the configuration of the lattice, the distribution of the seekers at time 0, and its own location, but not the location of any other. We measure time discretely, in turns. A meeting takes place when the two seekers reach the same point or adjacent points. The main result is that for any dimension of lattice, any initial distribution of seekers there are optimal strategies for the seekers that converge (in a way we shall make clear) to a center. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2007