高超声速滑翔飞行器滑翔段初始状态的唯一性和最优性分析

临近空间高超声速滑翔飞行器的弹道特性主要受滑翔段初始状态和飞行器控制律影响。在飞行器控制律确定的情况下,研究了滑翔段初始状态对高超声速滑翔飞行器弹道特性的影响规律。按照滑翔弹道的不同形式,在纵向平衡滑翔条件下,通过理论推导得出飞行器状态变量的解析式,结合平衡滑翔条件分析平衡滑翔弹道滑翔段初始状态的唯一性;在纵向跳跃滑翔条件下,构建弹道性能评价指标,利用群智能算法,寻找弹道性能最优时的滑翔段初始状态。利用单因素敏感性分析方法,分别对两种滑翔弹道的滑翔段初始状态进行敏感性分析,初始状态中初始速度对弹道特性的影响最大。对高超声速滑翔飞行器初始状态唯一性与最优性的分析,可为高超声速滑翔飞行器的弹道设计、弹道跟踪、轨迹预测和轨迹优化提供借鉴。     

Reforming the bras tendus? The Congolese National Police reforms, 2003–2016

The security sector reform (SSR) programme in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) has failed, according to a former high-level member of the United Nations (UN) mission in the DRC, as a large section of the country remains outside government control, and the security institutions of the state continue to constitute one of the predominant sources of insecurity for the local population in a number of ways. Based on several field studies, this article critically scrutinises the SSR of the Congolese National Police (Police nationale congolaise; PNC) and the efforts to reform it between 2004 and 2016. It further attempts to explain why so little progress was made in the SSR of the PNC, despite extensive involvement from donors. The article shows that the instrumental and traditional approach to SSR is partly to blame, because in this case it failed to address the root problems and initiate the needed fundamental reform and reconstruction of the police force. It also shows that reforming local security institutions becomes even more difficult when the local authorities do not support the effort.     

The subversion of the Bulgarian defence system – the Russian way

Russia has long been pursuing an intended and calculated policy of keeping enough influence in Bulgaria in order to have control over national decisions. Together with the economic, energy, political and information tools used by Russia in its hybrid war against Bulgaria and in its bid to achieve an enduring “state capture,” defence is also a distinct target of Russian subversion now. A list of noticeable subversive actions with tangible effects can be summarised, ranging from fuelling division and manipulating public opinion, preventing the strengthening of the NATO position in the Black Sea, sabotaging defence reform to various options of subverting the modernisation of the Bulgarian Armed Forces and seeking new ways to keep legacy Soviet military equipment in operation as long as possible. This issue must be urgently addressed both nationally and in NATO.     

一个具有相互独立、不同分布服务时间序列的排队模型

讨论的排队模型 ,放宽了GI/G/1系统中“服务时间独立同分布”的限制 ,只要求各服务时间相互独立 ,因而较GI/G/1排队模型能更合理地拟合实际问题 .在此较宽的条件下 ,利用补充变量的方法 ,求得了该排队系统队长的瞬时分布     

氧化锆陶瓷Ⅱ-Ⅲ复合型裂纹的综合相变增韧作用

采用综合相变准则和应变能释放率判据对氧化锆陶瓷Ⅱ-Ⅲ复合型裂纹的增韧结果进行了理论计算。分别给出了静止裂纹和定常扩展裂纹相变增韧的理论表达式。结果表明:综合相变对静止裂纹有微小的负屏蔽效应,对扩展裂纹的增初结果与材料的剪切模量、相变尾区高度和相变体积分数成正比,并且增韧值随着K_Ⅲ/K_Ⅱ比值的增大而减小,表明相变对Ⅱ型裂纹的增韧效果相对Ⅲ型裂纹更显著。     

基于Solidworks二次开发的两栖车辆浮态设计及静稳性分析

建立了描述车辆姿态向量和重力向量的两个坐标系,研究了姿态向量与坐标变换之间的关系,根据Solid-Works提供的函数,利用二分法求解了给定姿态下的浮心位置;以浮心计算为基础,通过对车辆的受力分析和运动分析,确定了车辆浮态的计算方法;利用SolidWorks的API函数进行二次开发,形成了计算静稳性的程序,并进行了实例计算。结果表明：与传统的作图法相比较,该方法计算结果更精确,计算速度更快。     

基于纯纠缠态的量子安全直接通信协议

基于纯纠缠态,提出一种量子安全直接通信协议.通信方利用decoy光子来检测窃听.在保证量子信道的安全后,发送方通过控制非操作和von Neumarm测量将秘密消息编码在纯纠缠态上并发送给接收方.由于所有的纯纠缠态都用于传输秘密消息,该协议具有较高的量子比特效率.就实验的可行性来说,该协议可以用当前的技术实现.此外,该协议在噪声量子信道中也是安全的.     

状态空间表达下控制系统的稳态误差

经典控制理论对系统稳态误差的讨论从传递函数入手,重点是对系统开环传递函数的研究,当系统的输入是任意函数时,引入动态误差系数方法来研究稳态误差,但是当输入具有高阶导数时,动态误差系数将很难得到.现代控制理论中的状态空间表达下求系统的稳态误差很好地解决了这个问题.利用矩阵之间的运算来表示动态误差系数,并且可以得到任意输入下的稳态误差值,在线性定常系统下的推导结果还可以适用于线性时变系统,具有一定的普遍性.     

重离子碰撞中的量子饱和机制

分别利用胶子半经典饱和与量子饱和机制,研究了相对论重离子碰撞中净余质子产生截面的大横动量现象。通过贝塞尔函数多项式近似与辛普森求积法的结合应用,解决了对贝塞尔函数的二重高振荡积分问题。计算发现:量子饱和机制的计算结果能很好地解释布鲁克海文国家实验室的最新实验现象,从而证实了高能重离子碰撞中胶子量子饱和机制的存在。