作战油料需求预计不确定性因素及误差分析

当前各种油料需求预计单纯地追求表面精确而忽视实有误差,重静止轻动态,脱离了作战保障实际。从技术、勤务和战术结合的层面,将油料需求预计不确定性因素归结为油料消耗标准本身、计划与实际运用差异、影响油耗的自然因素考虑不同、作战任务理解判断差别四点,并对各自的误差范围进行了粗略分析。提出的不确定性因素及误差范围界定,有助于引发人们对作战油料需求预计新的思考,提高油料勤务理论研究和实践能力水平。     

一种基于余弦定理罐壁变形测量的新方法

立式圆柱形钢制油罐在运行过程中,由于各种原因可能导致罐顶和罐壁的吸瘪变形。油罐修复时需要确定其承载和变形的相关数据,根据余弦定理提出了一种能对罐壁变形,特别是洞库和覆土罐罐壁变形进行测量的方法,同时介绍了该方法所需要的测量尺的制作方法。通过300m^3油罐罐壁测量的结果表明,该方法在实际操作中是可行的。提出的方法为确定油罐变形修复方案提供科学依据。     

Nonlinear pricing with consumer satiation

In various scenarios, consumers may become satiated with products, and the degree of satiation is directly associated with their prior experiences. Confronted with consumer satiation, the seller is unable to either identify consumers who have a higher likelihood of being satiated ex ante or distinguish satiated from non‐satiated consumers ex post. Therefore, the seller should address dynamic selling, valuation uncertainty, and quantity decisions, all of which are important operational issues. We consider a two‐period problem in which consumer types are influenced by their prior consumption experiences. Faced with these consumers, the seller intends to optimize quantities and adjust the prices of the products in each period to maximize revenue. We find that the seller may reduce ex ante production quantity as some consumers become satiated. Moreover, the ex ante quantity is first decreasing and then increasing with regard to the satiation rate. Furthermore, two‐period information asymmetries may provide a rationale for upward distortion in quantity when consumer preferences are highly sensitive to first‐period consumption. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 63: 386–400, 2016     

测控系统电磁兼容测试方法的研究

对测控系统中面临的电磁兼容性问题进行分析,并在此基础上确定测控系统电磁兼容性测试的主要内容,根据国军标提出了测控系统电磁兼容性测试的测试项目和要求。最后提出测控系统中电磁兼容性测试的测试目的、测试设备和测试方法。     

靶场光学测量数据异方差性检验及修正

为了避免靶场光学测量数据异方差性导致的普通最小二乘估计非有效、显著性检验失去意义和模型的预测失效问题,采用了图形分析、Goldfeld-Quandt和Breusch Pagan Godfrey方法检验光学测量数据异方差性,并针对光学测量数据的异方差性提出分段加权最小二乘修正的方法。通过理论分析,对某设备方位角测量数据进行实验验证,取得了残差平方数据、G-Q检验统计数据、BPG检验统计数据和分段加权最小二乘BPG统计数据。结果表明应用图形分析法对光学测量数据进行异方差性检验最直观和简捷,适合存在明显异方差性的检验,G-Q检验法不适用光学测量数据的异方差性检验,BPG检验理论完整且适合光学测量数据的异方差性检验,分段加权最小二乘方法有效合理,消除了异方差性对回归模型的影响。     

基于SEA炮兵声测和雷达组网反炮兵侦察效能分析

反炮兵侦察是炮兵侦察的一项重要任务,声测和雷达是反炮兵侦察的主要装备。针对SEA方法的要求,提出了评估由炮兵声测和雷达组网的作战效能的3个主要性能度量(MOP)。结合信息化战场环境,建立炮兵声测和雷达组网的反炮兵侦察效能的动态评估模型,为其作战使用提供了理论依据。     

军事代表人才的知识结构及培训体系研究

通过对军事代表教育训练工作存在问题及原因的深入分析,从军事代表“五项”基本工作任务入手,研究军事代表工作的性质、特点与规律,提出军事代表是一种专业或学科,应形成相应的专业理论体系的观点,并构建该理论体系的基本框架,就如何进行教育训练工作改革提出意见。     

基于装备演化规律的C4ISR需求生成模式研究

针对C4ISR需求生成的系统性问题,提出基于武器装备演化规律的C4ISR需求生成模式。根据武器装备在作战、系统、技术三个层面的演变规律,从任务模糊性、结构复杂性、技术不确定性三个维度划分目标武器装备,提出与演变规律对应的、逐层递进的C4ISR需求研究模式——复制、发现和创造,提供了解决C4ISR需求精确性问题、正确性问题和前瞻性问题的途径。实例表明,采用该模式能够系统地生成C4ISR需求。     

A worst‐case formulation for constrained ranking and selection with input uncertainty

In this research, we consider robust simulation optimization with stochastic constraints. In particular, we focus on the ranking and selection problem in which the computing time is sufficient to evaluate all the designs (solutions) under consideration. Given a fixed simulation budget, we aim at maximizing the probability of correct selection (PCS) for the best feasible design, where the objective and constraint measures are assessed by their worst‐case performances. To simplify the complexity of PCS, we develop an approximated probability measure and derive the asymptotic optimality condition (optimality condition as the simulation budget goes to infinity) of the resulting problem. A sequential selection procedure is then designed within the optimal computing budget allocation framework. The high efficiency of the proposed procedure is tested via a number of numerical examples. In addition, we provide some useful insights into the efficiency of a budget allocation procedure.     

混合不确定条件下航空不安全事件量化分析方法

为解决不确定条件下航空不安全事件量化分析的难题,基于随机和模糊理论对影响飞行安全的主客观变量进行了混合不确定描述,将难以用概率表示的主观变量处理成为隶属度λ水平截集上服从均匀分布的随机变量。在此基础上,提出了混合不确定条件下航空安全指标和数值计算方法,所提指标和方法能够简洁、直观、准确地反映航空安全水平。通过航空安全领域普遍采用的Bow-tie模型对轮胎爆破事件安全性指标和隶属度关系进行仿真分析。结果表明:将不确定变量控制在一定隶属度水平,能显著提高航空安全指标。