平板湍流边界层内气泡流流动实验研究

在低湍流度水槽里 ,利用片光源显示了平板气液两相湍流边界层内气泡流的流场结构 ,研究了平板安装位置、来流速度、喷气方式等参数对湍流边界层内气泡流的影响 .利用激光测速技术测量了平板水平放置时气泡流最外缘处的水平速度及厚度 .结果表明 :平板喷气减阻的原因在于喷气改变了平板湍流边界层的流动结构 ,抑制了湍流     

自主水下航行器导航技术

水下导航技术是自主水下航行器发展的关键技术,因而得到了广泛的关注。简要介绍了自主水下航行器的重要性及国外的发展概况,对国外水下航行器所采用的导航技术进行了综述,并就我国应采取的对策与措施提出建议。     

红外脉冲强光辐射产生技术研究

定向红外脉冲强光辐射技术是定向红外对抗中的关键技术,主要用来破坏敌方精确制导武器或C4I系统的红外传感器。本文进行了三种产生技术的研究,即爆炸激励惰性气体,多丝电爆激励惰性气体和多点同步爆燃药物。在同步爆燃产生技术的研究中,当有效载荷弹药为0.2kg时,在距离源50m处得到三个波段(1～3、3～5、8～12μm)的辐射强度为(2.00～3.55)×l05W／Sr,脉冲半高宽为约20ms的强红外辐射脉冲。     

水下接触爆炸下液舱前置型防雷舱的动响应分析

为探讨防雷舱结构设计,采用有限元方法对同一防雷舱结构的典型模式和液舱前置模式进行数值仿真计算,通过对典型模式与实验结果的对比,验证了数值计算方法的有效性。着重分析了液舱前置对防雷舱结构动响应过程、失效模式及防护效能的影响,并分析了其形成机制。从结构破坏过程、载荷特性、吸能特性三个方面对比了两种模式的差异,探讨了两种模式防雷舱结构的防护机理,为舰船水下舷侧防护结构的工程设计提供了参考。     

水雷主动声引信低截获特性分析

从声纳方程和信号检测两方面分析了主动声引信实现低截获的可行性和技术途径.数据仿真表明,接收机检测阈在6 dB以下,有数量级为104以上的信号长度,发射波形为随机形式时,水雷主动引信实现低截获特性是可行的.     

水下信息对抗中水声网络相关问题

水下信息对抗是海军信息化建设中需要重点考虑的内容之一.除了现有的声纳侦察之外,在未来的海战中,信息获取和信息对抗将更多地依赖水声网络的作用.因此,水声网络的相关问题必须得到重视.探讨了水声网络的一些关键技术,从信息对抗的角度分析了水声网络面临的挑战及应对措施.     

基于SINS/DVL/GPS的AUV组合导航技术

为了提高自主水下航行器组合导航系统的精度,选择了捷联式惯性导航系统(SINS)和多普勒速度声纳(DVL)导航为主、GPS卫星导航系统为辅的组合导航方法.通过Kalman滤波技术对组合导航的误差状态进行了估计,并采用反馈校正的方法修正SINS的导航误差.仿真结果表明SINS/DVL/GPS的组合导航可以有效地提高水下航行器SINS/DVL组合导航系统的导航精度,满足AUV远距离航行的精度需求.     

Research on simultaneous localization and mapping for AUV by an improved method: Variance reduction FastSLAM with simulated annealing

At present, simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) for an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) is a research hotspot. Aiming at the problem of non-linear model and non-Gaussian noise in AUV motion, an improved method of variance reduction fast simultaneous localization and mapping (FastSLAM) with simulated annealing is proposed to solve the problems of particle degradation, particle depletion and particle loss in traditional FastSLAM, which lead to the reduction of AUV location estimation accuracy. The adaptive exponential fading factor is generated by the anneal function of simulated annealing algorithm to improve the effective particle number and replace resampling. By increasing the weight of small particles and decreasing the weight of large particles, the variance of particle weight can be reduced, the number of effective particles can be increased, and the accuracy of AUV location and feature location estimation can be improved to some extent by retaining more information carried by particles. The experimental results based on trial data show that the proposed simulated annealing variance reduction FastSLAM method avoids particle degradation, maintains the diversity of particles, weakened the degeneracy and improves the accuracy and stability of AUV navigation and localization system.     

The Early Responses of Air-backed plate subjected to underwater explosion with aluminized explosives

This work aims to research the effects on the early responses of the air-backed plate subjected to the loading generated by the underwater explosion with aluminized explosives. The loading characteristics of underwater explosion for ideal explosive (TNT), aluminized explosives (RS211 and RBUL) are obtained experimentally. The tested aluminized explosives have different energy output compared with TNT. Based on the Taylor plate theory, the early responses of the air-backed steel plate affected by the measured loading is analyzed. The analytical results indicate that the pressure curve of the shock wave within 1 time decay constant is the main factor affecting the kick-off velocity of the plate when cavitation occurring. The velocity responses of the plate produced by the loading of RS211 and RBUL are obviously different with that of an equivalent TNT charge, which also indicates validity and suitability should be noticed in the case of substituting TNT for aluminized explosives. Moreover, the uncertainties in the responses of the plate produced by RS211 and RBUL are much larger than TNT.     

粮食粉尘爆炸灭火救援对策研究

粮食粉尘爆炸燃烧时间长,破坏力大,易发生中毒和人员伤亡。介绍了粮食粉尘爆炸形成的特点,分析了粮食粉尘爆炸的条件及控制措施,探讨了粮食粉尘爆炸灭火救援对策。