Effect of bending temperatures on the microstructure and springback of a TRIP steel sheet

Transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) steel possesses high strength and formability, enabling the use of a thinner gauge material and allowing for the fabrication of complex shapes. In this research, we measured the effect of bending temperatures on the microstructure and air-bending springback angle of TRIP steel at temperatures from 25 to 600 °C. Real-time in situ X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy were used for pre- and postbending analysis. As the prebending temperature increased from 25 °C to 600 °C, the retained austenite (RA) volume fraction decreased, and the RA transformed to bainite at temperatures above 400 °C. The springback angle was positively correlated with the prebending RA volume fraction, with the smallest springback angle achieved at 400 °C. Additionally, the springback angle was positively correlated with the bending angle, because the RA transformation ratio contributed to increased strain hardening. Further microstructure analysis revealed that the RA became elongated in the tension direction as the bending temperatures increased.     

A cost–benefit analysis of terrorist attacks

A cost–benefit analysis of terrorist attacks is developed and placed within a systematic theoretical structure. For the target or object of the attack, we consider the lost value of human lives, lost economic value, and lost influence value, counted as benefits for the terrorist. The corresponding losses for the terrorist are counted as costs. The terrorist attacks if benefits outweigh costs. Bounded rationality is enabled where the three kinds of benefits and costs can be weighted differently. We account for two ex ante probabilities of successful planning and attack, and enable the terrorist to assign different weights to its multiple stakeholders. We introduce multiple time periods, time discounting, attitudes towards risk, and subcategories for the benefits and costs. The cost–benefit analysis is illustrated with the 11 September 2001 attack, and 53 incidents in the Global Terrorism Database yielding both positive and negative expected utilities. The paper is intended as a tool for scientists and policy-makers, as a way of thinking about costs and benefits of terrorist attacks.     

基于军民融合的军事信息资源效能转化

军事信息资源效能转化的强弱,事关军队信息化建设和军队战斗力生成,需要引起高度重视。本文阐述军民融合对军事信息效能转化工作的巨大推动力,并通过分析当前制约军民融合军事信息资源效能转化的内因和外因,提出完善军民融合军事信息资源效能转化工作的措施建议。     

加强海防部队信息化建设

陆军海防部队是新型陆军的重要组成部分。军队规模结构和力量编成调整改革后,海防部队进行了全面整体重塑。海防部队信息化建设矛盾仍存在规划建设多元、装备相对滞后等问题。信息化建设应立足海防部队"岸岛海衔接、侦攻防一体"要求,尽快解决薄弱问题,加速推进向信息化、智能化海防转型发展。     

电磁脉冲弹的杀伤能力

概述了电磁脉冲弹的组成和工作原理,通过对电磁脉冲波形的分析,以及对电磁脉冲能量在空中的传播规律的研究,建立了电磁脉冲武器杀伤能力的仿真模型.在此基础上选择六种最具代表性的电子器件,并根据其破坏阈值进行仿真计算,从而得出了电磁脉冲弹在采用定向天线时对这六种电子器件的杀伤距离.根据电磁脉冲弹的杀伤能力对其进行合理运用,这对以使用电磁脉冲武器为背景的战法研究具有非常重要的现实意义.     

某高炮数字指挥仪的改造

为了使某高炮数字指挥仪能够适应现代战争的需要,遵照中央军委关于"要用高新技术改造现役装备"的指示,在不降低原高炮数字指挥仪战术技术性能的基础上,加装了红外热像仪、激光测距机、激光距离转换计算机、雷达诸元转换计算机.使该装备不仅能够与部队现配置的雷达连接使用,还增加了目标探测手段,增强了夜间作战能力,提高了装备的性能,成为新一代的光电防空火控系统,适应现代战争的要求.     

一种基于Hough变换的线型群体队型识别方法

作战群体的队型是作战群体的重要属性之一,它往往反映了群体中各成员之间的协作关系,直接体现着该群体近期的作战意图、身份及威胁等态势信息。为了给指挥人员的态势评估及军事指挥提供更多深层次的战场信息,从而为其决策提供更好的支持,重点研究了作战群体线型队型的识别问题。利用Hough变换的点线对偶特性,给出了线型队型的模板建模方法,提出了基于参数点聚类的线型队型特征提取方法,进而给出了基于模板匹配的线型队型识别方法。仿真实验表明,该方法是行之有效的。     

基于二维小波变换的空间目标识别算法

对于空间目标识别这个具有挑战性的研究课题,提出了基于二维小波变换的空间目标识别算法。该算法首先对空间目标的ISAR像进行二维小波变换,然后从近似分量和细节分量中提取奇异值特征,最后应用径向基函数(RBF)神经网络进行分类识别。计算机仿真实验表明,该算法取得了比较好的识别效果。     

军事电子信息装备发展与思考

主要叙述了美、英、法进行未来陆军转型的简要过程与概况,以及他们的发展方针与模式,简述了中国军队的军事改革情况,从而提出了我国军事电子信息化发展的顶层设计、转型路线、军事电子信息装备的综合集成等相关方面的分析思考和应做的努力,希望通过抛砖引玉的方式,引起和获得同仁们的帮助以及对火控、指控装备发展的重视.     

灰色预测GM(1,1)模型及其改进与应用

介绍了灰色预测的基本原理和常用GM(1,1)模型及其适用性判断方法,针对GM(1,1)模型中背景值的取法,提出了一种自动寻优定权的改进措施,通过实例对比分析,应用效果良好。