A metaheuristic scheduling procedure for resource-constrained projects with cash flows

Resource-constrained project scheduling problems with cash flows (RCPSPCF) are complex, combinatorial optimization problems. Many heuristics have been reported in the literature that produce reasonable schedules in limited project environments. However, the lack of a heuristic that dominates under differing project conditions can lead to a suboptimal choice of an appropriate heuristic for scheduling any given project. This may result in poor schedules and monetary losses. This paper reports on the application of the tabu search metaheuristic procedure for the RCPSPCF. Strategies for neighborhood generation and candidate selection that exploit the special features of the problem are combined with a simple multiheuristic start procedure. Extensive experimentation, with multiple data sets and comparison with an upper bound, indicates a significant improvement, both in project Net Present Value (NPV) as well as the number of projects, where the metaheuristic outperforms the best known heuristics in the literature. More specifically, this procedure produces the best schedules in over 85% of the projects tested, in contrast to the best single-pass heuristics which have been shown to dominate in at most 20% of the same cases. This iterative, general purpose heuristic is able to adapt significantly better to the complex interactions of the many critical parameters of the RCPSPCF than single-pass heuristics that use more specific information about each project environment. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 46: 912–927, 1999     

一种基于VPRSM的辐射源模糊识别方法

为解决辐射源识别的问题,研究利用变精度粗糙集模型来确定辐射源识别特征权值的方法。由概念的正域中对象类的条件属性的描述,得到该概念的充分条件,并依据知识间的依赖性作为所要考虑的因素来获取特征权值,同时结合模糊集理论,提出一种基于变精度粗集特征加权的辐射源模糊识别方法。最后将此识别方法模型应用于雷达辐射源用途识别,仿真实验及其结果验证了该方法的可行性和有效性。     

自航式鱼雷发射装置发射管长度优化研究

基于某型鱼雷自航发射的内弹道数学模型,选择自航管的总长度作为优化目标,讨论了约束函数的取值,确定了优化问题的数学表达.采用惩罚函数法进行寻优计算,针对约束函数具有不可微和非线性的特点,采用模式搜索算法进行了无约束优化的求解,给出了优化结果并进行了比较.     

基于神经网络的离散变结构控制系统

系统研究了基于神经网络的离散变结构控制系统设计方法,提出了几种具体设计方案.神经网络的引入可以使滑模(变结构)控制具备学习与自适应能力,使控制信号得以柔化,从而能够减轻或避免困扰常规滑模控制器的抖振现象,改善控制效果.     

Locating a target from directional data

Statistical estimation plays an important role in locating a target in space, a task that has important applications in many areas. However, theoretical measures on the quality of various estimators reported in the literature have been difficult to obtain because of mathematical complications. As a result, choice of estimator in practice has been largely arbitrary. In this paper, we present a systematic study on major target estimators reported in the literature. Focus is on comparisons between the traditional angle method, the line method, and a recently developed line-to-point transformation method. Insights gained from the study directly lead to the development of a novel two-stage angle method that not only produces highly accurate target estimation among all known estimators but is also computationally efficient. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 45: 353–364, 1998     

Multi-scale traffic vehicle detection based on faster R-CNN with NAS optimization and feature enrichment

It well known that vehicle detection is an important component of the field of object detection. However, the environment of vehicle detection is particularly sophisticated in practical processes. It is compara-tively difficult to detect vehicles of various scales in traffic scene images, because the vehicles partially obscured by green belts, roadblocks or other vehicles, as well as influence of some low illumination weather. In this paper, we present a model based on Faster R-CNN with NAS optimization and feature enrichment to realize the effective detection of multi-scale vehicle targets in traffic scenes. First, we proposed a Retinex-based image adaptive correction algorithm (RIAC) to enhance the traffic images in the dataset to reduce the influence of shadow and illumination, and improve the image quality. Second, in order to improve the feature expression of the backbone network, we conducted Neural Architecture Search (NAS) on the backbone network used for feature extraction of Faster R-CNN to generate the optimal cross-layer connection to extract multi-layer features more effectively. Third, we used the object Feature Enrichment that combines the multi-layer feature information and the context information of the last layer after cross-layer connection to enrich the information of vehicle targets, and improve the robustness of the model for challenging targets such as small scale and severe occlusion. In the imple-mentation of the model, K-means clustering algorithm was used to select the suitable anchor size for our dataset to improve the convergence speed of the model. Our model has been trained and tested on the UN-DETRAC dataset, and the obtained results indicate that our method has art-of-state detection performance.     

基于性能的装备采购合同商选择研究

根据基于性能的装备采购目标,在考虑合同商满足军方提出的性能指标的基础上,从合同商的资质、生产技术能力、装备价格成本、装备保障性能、管理运营情况和双方协商沟通水平等方面建立了合同商选择评价指标体系,并运用层次变权综合决策方法进行综合评判。案例分析表明：该方法能充分反映决策者的意愿,使合同商的选择更好地满足基于性能的装备采购的需要。     

不确定环境下无人机区域目标搜索及载荷参数影响

针对不确定环境下无人机区域搜索问题,建立了实时探测更新的搜索方法,提出了机载光电载荷参数优化配置策略。建立了基于二维离散网格的无人机区域搜索模型,采用概率地图描述目标信息的实时获取与更新;引入不确定度指标、目标网格的重访和网格探测次数控制,建立搜索目标函数;建立了基于粒子群算法的搜索路径滚动优化方法;通过对任务区域平均探测时间步数和误判概率的估计分析,建立了机载光电载荷参数优化配置策略。使用蒙特卡洛方法验证了区域搜索方法的有效性和光电载荷参数配置对搜索效率、误判概率的影响。     

基于改进遗传算法的协同发射控制软件设计

根据火箭炮武器系统多弹种协同发射的需求,分析了现有发控软件的不足和设计多弹种协同控制软件过程中存在的问题。采用设定禁忌搜索表的改进遗传算法,通过对基因编码、交叉等过程最终实现对多型火箭弹时序协同问题的求解。在此基础上设计的火箭弹协同控制模块的软件架构,为后续实现多种火箭弹协同发射的方式提供了有力支撑。     

一类伴随型非线性系统的快速变结构控制

基于反馈线性化、时间次优控制及变结构控制理论,针对一类伴随型不确定非线性系统,提出了一种快速鲁棒变结构控制方案。这种控制方案在控制有约束的条件下,其中一部分用来把非线性系统反馈校正成线性系统,另一部分则用来为线性系统实现时间次优控制。仿真结果表明：这种控制器不仅动态响应快,而且从初始时刻开始就可产生滑模运动,从而增强了系统鲁棒性。