飞行操作任务的无人机模拟训练及系统设计

为了提高无人机模拟训练的逼真度和沉浸感.研究了无人机飞行操作训练的关键技术,以半实装的形式构建了模拟飞行训练系统的体系结构.通过对飞行操作训练关键技术的研究和飞行操作模拟训练系统的设计,可以对基层部队的无人机地面操控手高逼真模拟训练提供理论基础和系统支持.     

A LONG‐RUN ANALYSIS OF DEFENCE SPENDING IN THE NATO COUNTRIES (1960–99)

This paper analyses the long‐run demand for defence output through a homogeneous treatment of 15 NATO member countries between 1960 and 1999. We carry out a progressive study of the interactions between either defence spending or defence burden and their main determinants: income, external threat and allied military spending. To that end, we use time‐series analysis with endogenously determined structural breaks. We further consider individual country functions related to one another through a common correlated effects method, in order to take into account explicitly the connections between members of an alliance.     

需求可拆分的应急物资调度问题的蚁群算法

应急物资调度问题是个典型的需求可拆分的车辆路径问题,区别于传统的车辆路径问题,将每个需求节点只能由一辆车访问的约束去除,允许需求节点由多辆车进行访问。针对应急物资调度问题的特点,建立相应的多目标车辆路径数学规划模型(SDVRP),并根据模型特点设计改进蚁群优化算法。最后,进行相应的算例分析,验证了该模型和算法的有效性。     

基于MATD的高超声速飞行器反演控制

针对高超声速飞行器弹性体模型,提出了一种基于改进的反正切跟踪微分器(MATD)的鲁棒反演控制器。将控制系统分为高度和速度子系统,采用反演方法设计虚拟控制量和实际控制量。引入MATD对高阶系统虚拟控制量求导,避免了传统反演方法"微分膨胀"的问题。基于MATD设计干扰观测器,对模型不确定项进行精确估计,增强了控制器的鲁棒性。最后,通过实例仿真验证,该控制器对速度和高度指令具有很好的跟踪效果,且具有较强的鲁棒性。     

Vehicle routing problems with regular objective functions on a path

We investigate the problem of scheduling a fleet of vehicles to visit the customers located on a path to minimize some regular function of the visiting times of the customers. For the single‐vehicle problem, we prove that it is pseudopolynomially solvable for any minsum objective and polynomially solvable for any minmax objective. Also, we establish the NP‐hardness of minimizing the weighted number of tardy customers and the total weighted tardiness, and present polynomial algorithms for their special cases with a common due date. For the multivehicle problem involving n customers, we show that an optimal solution can be found by solving or O(n) single‐vehicle problems. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 61: 34–43, 2014     

近似平面场景多视点图像拼接算法

以小型无人机对地观测为应用背景,研究了近似平面场景多视点图像拼接问题。对于已知粗略相机位姿的情况,提出一种融合相机位姿信息和图像特征点对应信息的方法,采用直接稀疏Cholesky分解方法求解拼接全局优化问题。由该方法得到的拼接结果没有全局变形,局部拼接误差也得到了明显的改善。对于相机位姿未知的情况,先采用structure-from-motion(SFM)方法恢复相机姿态和场景稀疏结构信息,再采用稀疏全局调整方法获得最终的图像变换参数。通过沙盘图像和真实的航拍图像拼接实验验证了算法的有效性。     

Keep the change: Counterinsurgency,Iraq, and historical understanding

This article explores the historical reasoning behind counterinsurgency thinking, particularly as applied to Iraq, using Douglas Porch's book, Counterinsurgency: Exposing the Myths of the New Way of War as a reference point. It argues that the classic historical analogies of counterinsurgency theory were inapt in dealing with the conflict in Iraq, and that the historical reasoning behind counterinsurgency more generally deserves greater scrutiny. Not only are the analogies of questionable applicability, but the evidence of causation in prior conflicts is ultimately unproveable. In the end, Counterinsurgency theory and the US Army's Field Manual 3-24 on Counterinsurgency were politically useful during the ‘Surge’, beginning in 2007, but remain intellectually and historically problematic.     

探月飞船初次再入段纵程的解析预测方法

探月飞船升阻比较低,为实现长纵程飞行,必须采用跳跃式再入方式。在跳跃式再入轨迹在线规划或预测制导中,如何快速准确地预测初次再入段纵程是一个非常关键的问题。针对这一问题,研究提出一种解析预测方法:利用匹配渐进展开方法得到再入纵向运动方程的闭型近似解;将初次再入段轨迹分为三段,第一段采用高度作为积分自变量,并利用复合梯形公式得到纵程,第二段和第三段分别采用二次多项式来拟合阻力加速度-能量剖面,根据近似解结果反解出多项式系数,并将得到的阻力加速度倒数-能量函数进行积分,得到第二段和第三段的纵程;对解析预测方法的精度和计算效率进行分析,结果表明该方法计算精度较高,速度快,可用于跳跃式再入轨迹的在线规划和制导。     

变质心再入飞行器自抗扰控制器设计(英文)

再入飞行器采用变质心控制不但可以保持较好的气动外形,还町以增大机动能力,但变质心控制较强的非线性和耦合性大大增加了控制系统设计难度,使控制器设计和实施的代价较高。针对这一问题,基于自抗扰控制技术,设计了变质心再入飞行器双通道解耦控制器。通过构造连续光滑扩张状态观测器,不加区分飞行器的各类干扰与耦合,对其统一进行估计:利用非线性状态反馈控制律,并自适应调节控制参数对其进行补偿,实现对飞行器姿态的解耦控制。仿真结果表明:该方法大大降低了对系统模型精度的要求与控制器设计实施代价,对变质心再入飞行器非线性、耦合性以及参数摄动具有较强的鲁棒性。     

长方体类光学元件形位误差高精度测量方法

如何实现长方体元件光学面形位误差的高精度测量以及怎样利用测量数据对这些误差进行修正加工是制造过程中的主要问题。提出一种基于波面干涉的长方体类光学元件形位误差测量方法,借助大口径干涉仪和高精度端齿盘搭建测量系统,实现了长方体类光学元件1μm/400mm精度的平行度和垂直度测量,获得了高精度的形位误差综合分布数据,并利用磁流变、小磨头数控抛光等现代光学加工手段实现了此类光学元件的高精度加工。